Morfogênese do capim-elefante adubado com composto orgânico proveniente de resíduos sólidos de pequenos ruminantes

Meneses, Abner José Girão; Cândido, Magno José Duarte; Pompeu, Roberto Cláudio Fernandes Franco; Souza, Henrique Antunes de; Guedes, Fernando Lisboa

doi:10.5935/1806-6690.20180079

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Sumário

Animal Science • Rev. Ciênc. Agron. 49 (4) • Oct-Dec 2018 • https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20180079 copiar

Morfogênese do capim-elefante adubado com composto orgânico proveniente de resíduos sólidos de pequenos ruminantes

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

Avaliou-se o fluxo de biomassa do Pennisetum purpureum cv. Cameroon irrigado submetido a doses de composto orgânico proveniente de resíduos da produção e abate da ovinocaprinocultura. O experimento foi realizado em capineira de capim-elefante, durante quatro ciclos de 60 dias. Os tratamentos foram doses do composto orgânico (0; 13,3; 26,6; 39,9; 53,2; 79,8) toneladas·ha^-1, além de um tratamento mineral (nitrogênio e potássio) equivalente a 720 e 900 kg ha^-1 ano^-1, respectivamente. Foi utilizado um delineamento em blocos casualizados em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com medidas repetidas no tempo, sendo as parcelas as doses e as subparcelas os ciclos. As características morfogênicas do capim elefante foram influenciadas pelas doses do composto. A taxa de produção de forragem apresentou efeito linear crescente com as doses do composto para todos os ciclos avaliados, enquanto a taxa de acúmulo de forragem respondeu de forma quadrática nos ciclos 1 e 2 às doses do composto. A análise de contraste entre a adubação orgânica x mineral, revelou em todos os ciclos, exceto no primeiro, superioridade dos índices morfogênicos para a adubação mineral. Conclui-se que o capim-elefante foi responsivo ao composto orgânico sugerindo-se uma dose de 70,63 toneladas ha^-1.

Palavras-chave:
Relação C:N; Fluxo de biomassa; Taxa de alongamento foliar; Mineralização; Pennisetum purpureum

Layer (m)	pH	OM	P	K	Ca	Mg	H+Al	Al	B	CEC
Layer (m)	pH	gdm^-3	------ mgdm^-3 -------		------------------------------- mmo_lcdm^-3 -------------------------------
0-0.2	7.0	16	36	31.0	50	19	13	0	74.2	87.2
0.2-0.4	7.2	7	36	31.0	54	17	12	0	76.1	88.1
	V	ESP	S	Na	Cu	Fe	Zn	Mn	B
	--------- % --------		------ mgdm^-3 -------		-------------------------------- mgdm^-3 ---------------------------------
0-0.2	85	5.08	11	102	0.5	54	1.5	38.0	0.38
0.2-0.4	86	4.84	8	98	0.5	32	1.0	20.0	0.23
	Clay		Silt		Total sand		Coarse sand		Fine sand
	----------------------------------------------------------- gkg ^-1 ------------------------------------------------------------
0-0.20	254		216		530		60		470
0.2-0.4	239		251		510		70		440

Nin	N-NO_3-	N-NH₄₊	Nt	C	C:N
------------------------------ mg kg^-1 -----------------------------			------------------- g kg^-1 ------------------		C:N
355	250	105	20.3	175	9
P	K	Ca	Mg	S	Na
-------------------------------------------------------------------- g kg^-1 ------------------------------------------------------------------
9	15.7	21.9	5.5	2.8	2.1
B	Cu	Fe	Mn	Zn	pH
----------------------------------------------------------------- mg kg^-1 ------------------------------------------------------------------
20	30	2.051	175	138	6.7

Levels tha-1	LER	SER	LSR	LAR Leaf tiller day^-1	FPR	FAR
Levels tha-1	------------------ cm tiller day^-1 -----------------			LAR Leaf tiller day^-1	---------- kg DM ha^-1 ----------
0	10.17	0.67	3.13	0.16	107.65	74.40
13.3	12.53	0.85	3.80	0.16	140.55	117.67
26.6	14.21	1.08	4.15	0.18	202.66	174.21
39.9	14.18	1.19	4.10	0.17	245.16	208.90
53.2	16.91	1.42	5.24	0.18	254.14	211.51
79.8	17.65	1.52	5.55	0.18	311.67	272.59
F significance	^ Means followed by different letters are significantly different (P<0.05) by Tukey’s testns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^ Means followed by different letters are significantly different (P<0.05) by Tukey’s testns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^ Means followed by different letters are significantly different (P<0.05) by Tukey’s testns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^ns Means followed by different letters are significantly different (P<0.05) by Tukey’s testns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 (*) and 0.05 ().	^ Means followed by different letters are significantly different (P<0.05) by Tukey’s testns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^ Means followed by different letters are significantly different (P<0.05) by Tukey’s testns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).
CV1(%)	17.9	15.5	19.9	10.5	22.6	25.2
Cycles
	16.30^a	1.56^a	5.26^a	0.15^a	261.03^a	215.51^a
2	14.47^b	1.12^b	4.69^ab	0.18^b	220.92^b	181.39^b
3	14.28^b	1.00^b	4.16^b	0.18^b	187.88^c	158.43^bc
4	12.04^c	0.79c	3.1c	0.18_b	171.39^c	150.86^c
F significance	25.35^ Means followed by different letters are significantly different (P<0.05) by Tukey’s testns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	84.09^ Means followed by different letters are significantly different (P<0.05) by Tukey’s testns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	30.24^ Means followed by different letters are significantly different (P<0.05) by Tukey’s testns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	21.05^ Means followed by different letters are significantly different (P<0.05) by Tukey’s testns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	24.06^ Means followed by different letters are significantly different (P<0.05) by Tukey’s testns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	15.59^ Means followed by different letters are significantly different (P<0.05) by Tukey’s testns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).
CV₂(%)	11.9	15.4	18.4	8.2	18.8	20.4
LSD	1.29	0.13	0.60	0.01	30.26	27.58
L x C	^ Means followed by different letters are significantly different (P<0.05) by Tukey’s testns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^ Means followed by different letters are significantly different (P<0.05) by Tukey’s testns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^ Means followed by different letters are significantly different (P<0.05) by Tukey’s testns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^ns Means followed by different letters are significantly different (P<0.05) by Tukey’s testns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 (*) and 0.05 ().	^ Means followed by different letters are significantly different (P<0.05) by Tukey’s testns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^ Means followed by different letters are significantly different (P<0.05) by Tukey’s testns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).

Treatment	LER	SER	TLSR	LAR Day leaf^-1	FPR	FAR	TPD
Treatment	--------- cmtillerday^-1 ----------			LAR Day leaf^-1	-- kg DMhaday^-1 --		tillerm²
Cycle 1
Means of the compost levels	16.30	1.56	5.26	0.15	261.03	215.51	56.75
Mean fertilizer mineral	17.01	1.39	5.93	0.15	278.93	232.39	65.50
F significance	^ns ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 (*) and 0.05 ().	^ns ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 (*) and 0.05 ().	^ns ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 (*) and 0.05 ().	^ns ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 (*) and 0.05 ().	^ns ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 (*) and 0.05 ().	^ns ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 (*) and 0.05 ().	^ns ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 (*) and 0.05 ().
Cycle 2
Means of the compost levels	14.47	1.12	4.69	0.18	220.91	181.38	78.41
Mean fertilizer mineral	17.17	1.50	5.88	0.17	342.19	274.12	92.00
F significance	^ ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^ ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^ ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^ns ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 (*) and 0.05 ().	^ ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^ ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^* ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 (*) and 0.05 ().
Cycle 3
Means of the compost levels	14.28	1.00	4.16	0.18	187.87	158.43	54.83
Mean fertilizer mineral	17.37	1.48	5.52	0.17	404.22	319.22	84.00
F significance	^* ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 (*) and 0.05 ().	^ ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^ ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^ns ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 (*) and 0.05 ().	^ ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^ ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^ ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).
Cycle 4
Means of the compost levels	12.04	0.79	3.16	0.17	171.39	150.86	59.41
Mean fertilizer mineral	18.79	1.44	4.20	0.20	323.28	291.23	52.00
F significance	^ ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^ ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^ ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^* ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 (*) and 0.05 ().	^ ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^ ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 () and 0.05 (*).	^ns ns (non-significant) and significant at 0.01 (*) and 0.05 ().

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