Genetic parameters of morpho-agronomic and physiological traits of crambe genotypes under drought conditions<sup/>

Rosmaninho, Lucas Barbosa de Castro; Dias, Luiz Antônio dos Santos; Benjamin, Carolina dos Santos; Silva, Martha Freire da

doi:10.5935/1806-6690.20230036

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Scientific Article • Rev. Ciênc. Agron. 54 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20230036 copy

Genetic parameters of morpho-agronomic and physiological traits of crambe genotypes under drought conditions¹ 1 Part of the first author’s dissertation

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

This work aims at evaluating and discriminating crambe genotypes regarding tolerance to water deficit by means of morpho-agronomic and physiological traits. The trial was carried out in a greenhouse under a randomized complete block design with four blocks, in a 2 x 8 factorial scheme, being two environments (with and without stress) and eight genotypes (FMS CR 1101, FMS CR 1106, FMS CR 1203, FMS CR 1305, FMS CR 1307, FMS CR 1312 and FMS CR 1326 and cultivar FMS Brilhante). The genotypes were evaluated according to physiological and morpho-agronomic traits. The significance of the mean squares was tested by the F test (P < 0.05) and the genetic parameters were estimated as ratio b between the genetic (CVg) and experimental (CVe) coefficients of variation, broad-sense heritability at genotypic mean level ( ${\hat{h}}_{m}^{2}$ ), intraclass correlation (r) and selective accuracy (Ac). In general, water deficit did not cause severe physiological limitations to the plants. Plant height (PH), total dry mass (TDM) and grain yield (GY) were the traits that stood out for presenting the highest estimates of ratio b, ${\hat{h}}_{m}^{2}$ ), CVg and r, revealing the possibility of genetic gains with the selection. Nevertheless, after evaluating the performance of genotypes in terms of physiological and morpho-agronomic traits, it was concluded that cultivar FMS Brilhante and inbred lines FMS CR 1326 and FMS CR 1106 had the most favorable traits for the selection, therefore, presenting potential for water deficit tolerance.

Key words
Agroenergy; Crambe abyssinca Hostch; Gas exchanges; Plant breeding; Water deficit

Clay	Silt	Sand	Texture Classification	Type of soil
----------- % --------------
20	8	72	Sandy-Loam	1 - Sandy

SV	Mean Squares
SV	gl	F _v /F _m	A	g _s	C _i	E	C _i /C _a	A/E
Block	3	0.0021	111.4050	0.0343	17018.1913	11.2219	0.0637	0.8260
Genotype (G)	7	0.0020	75.7990^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	0.0182	3494.2827	5.0140^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	0.0244^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	5.6884^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}
Environment (E)	1	0.0372^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	13.0215	0.0001	13588.8854^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	0.6452	0.0506^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	10.7529^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}
G x E	7	0.0015	21.8580	0.0088	3265.2277	1.2658	0.0076	0.5168
Error	45	0.0020	21.597	0.0097	092.1298	2.1727	0.0119	2.2962
Mean		0.81	9.01	0.12	221.87	2.66	0.62	3.50
CV (%)		5.65	51.56	80.42	25.06	55.44	17.63	43.26

	Genotypes
Environments	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	Mean
	F_v/F_m
Control	0.82	0.82	0.84	0.85	0.81	0.84	0.86	0.82	0.83a
Stress	0.81	0.78	0.79	0.79	0.75	0.81	0.75	0.78	0.78b
	A
Control	11.80	4.05	4.94	7.91	8.03	11.94	9.09	16.00	9.16
Stress	10.49	11.92	3.08	5.14	7.64	12.84	8.30	14.00	9.16
	g _s
Control	0.16	0.13	0.06	0.07	0.08	0.20	0.10	0.20	0.12
Stress	0.13	0.05	0.04	0.23	0.09	0.17	0.12	0.21	0.13
	C _i
Control	173.6	224	206	222.7	208.5	227	169	236	208.32b
Stress	274.3	187	248	246.6	229.8	288	199	251	240.40a
	E
Control	3.46	2.72	1.52	1.49	2.07	3.52	2.33	3.60	2.59
Stress	3.73	1.37	1.55	3.14	2.50	4.08	2.55	3.50	2.80
	C_i/C_a
Control	0.59	0.57	0.57	0.66	0.53	0.63	0.52	0.70	0.59b
Stress	0.71	0.54	0.62	0.69	0.61	0.74	0.59	0.70	0.65a
	A/E
Control	3.40	4.38	3.30	3.73	3.92	3.32	3.47	6.30	3.97a
Stress	2.69	3.12	1.88	2.37	3.11	2.90	3.12	5.30	3.05b

Mean Squares
SV	gl	Chlorophyll a	Chlorophyll b
Block	3	13.0039	8.6313
Genotype (G)	7	9.2802^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	12.2383^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}
Environment (E)	1	170.8744^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	218.7493^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}
G x E	7	5.8952	3.4847
Error	45	3.3544	3.4609
Mean		32.0198	12.1131
CV (%)		5.72	15.36

	Genotype
Environments	1	2	3		4		5		6		7		8		Mean
	Chlorophyll a
Control	33.22	32.56		33.67		33.57		34.10		33.27		35.46		33.08		33.61a
Stress	31.67	26.56		31.58		31.06		30.86		31.99		29.36		29.53		30.33b
	Chlorophyll b
Control	14.25	12.11		15.45		15.52		15.19		11.77		14.63		12.29	13.90a
Stress	11.50	8.34		11.57		10.22		10.76		11.05		8.81		8.75	10.12b

SV	gl	Mean Squares
SV	gl	PH	HFPB	SD	NB	TDM	GY	W100
Block	3	80.60	1.59	1.33	1.12	8.18	0.07	0.0029
Genotype (G)	7	535.60^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	1.06	2.31^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	17.87^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	128.90^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	4.45^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	0.0072^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}
Environment (E)	1	921.90^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	0.71	0.30	0.03	1.17	0.41	0.0004
G x E	7	144.90^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	1.49^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	2.59^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	6.15	42.76^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	0.63	0.0075^{^* * Significant, by the F test, at 5% level of probability}
Error	45	63.50	0.66	0.94	4.58	14.64	0.36	0.0017
Mean	-	75.08	5.65	8.76	16.94	13.38	2.35	0.50
CV (%)	-	10.61	14.42	11.08	12.63	28.60	25.71	8.16

	Genotypes
Environments	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	Mean
	PH (cm)
Control	81.73	91.87	81.86	71.32	84.53	78.37	75.01	66.66	78.9 a
Stress	78.87	80.37	65.00	63.50	87.75	56.82	71.78	66.25	71.2 b
	HFPB (cm)
Control	6.00	5.80	5.81	5.62	5.75	5.00	5.37	5.00	5.54 a
Stress	5.44	6.00	4.33	5.75	6.75	6.00	6.18	5.59	5.76 a
	SD (mm)
Control	9.34	9.44	8.99	6.66	9.06	9.52	8.72	8.89	8.83 a
Stress	9.21	9.24	7.38	8.97	8.41	8.81	8.63	8.88	8.69 a
	NB
Control	20.25	18.00	17.50	13.50	17.25	18.00	16.50	14.33	16.92 a
Stress	16.87	17.33	17.00	15.50	18.25	18.83	15.75	16.13	16.96 a
	TDM (g)
Control	13.70	19.40	16.76	9.34	11.01	10.43	18.66	6.66	13.24 a
Stress	15.02	17.98	7.08	9.85	17.20	13.83	18.98	8.19	13.52 a
	GY (g)
Control	3.09	3.19	2.22	2.19	2.06	3.17	2.49	0.95	2.42 a
Stress	2.61	3.10	1.93	2.09	2.03	2.16	3.48	0.71	2.26 a
	W100 (g)
Control	0.51	0.54	0.50	0.51	0.49	0.42	0.54	0.47	0.50 a
Stress	0.50	0.50	0.52	0.53	0.49	0.55	0.53	0.41	0.50 a

SV			Mean Squares
SV		gl	PH	HFPB	SD	TDM	W100
Genotype/Environment		14	340.27^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	1.27^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	2.41^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	85.82^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	0.0074^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}
Genotypes	Control	7	253.79^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	0.57	3.39^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	86.47	0.0067^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}
Genotypes	Stress	7	426.75^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	1.96^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	1.43	85.17^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	0.0081^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}
Environment/Genotype		8	242.05^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	1.39^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	2.23^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	37.55^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	0.0067^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}
Environments	FMS Brilhante	1	16.34	0.63	0.33	3.48	0.0004
	FMS CR 1307	1	264.50^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	0.080	0.0790	4.0054	0.0035
	FMS CR 1312	1	569.53^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	4.37^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	5.15^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	187.73^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	0.0010
	FMS CR 1203	1	112.50	0.031	10.71^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	0.5200	0.0005
	FMS CR 1305	1	21.13	2.00^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	0.86	76.73^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	0.0000
	FMS CR 1326	1	930.96^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	2.00^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}	1.04	23.12	0.038^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}
	FMS CR 1101	1	21.13	1.32	0.02	0.19	0.0008
	FMS CR 1106	1	0.35	0.71	0.00	4.66	0.0096^{^* * Significant by the F test, at 5% level of probability}

Estimates	PH	HFPB	SD	NB	TDM	GY	W100
${\hat{σ}}_{g}^{2}$	59.02	0.05	0.17	1.66	14.28	0.51	0.0007
${\hat{σ}}_{g α}^{2}$	10.18	0.10	0.20	0.20	3.51	0.03	0.0007
${\hat{σ}}_{e}^{2}$	63.46	0.66	0.94	4.58	14.14	0.36	0.0017
${\hat{h}}_{m}^{2}$	0.88	0.37	0.59	0.74	0.89	0.92	0.77
r	0.48	0.07	0.15	0.27	0.49	0.58	0.29
CV_g	10.23	3.93	4.72	7.61	28.24	30.45	5.20
b CV_g/CV_e	0.96	0.27	0.43	0.60	0.99	1.18	0.64
A_c	0.94	0.61	0.77	0.86	0.94	0.96	0.87

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[1] Editor-in-Chief: Agronomist Engineer, Ana Kelly Firmino da Silva - kelly.firmino@ufc.br

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Genetic parameters of morpho-agronomic and physiological traits of crambe genotypes under drought conditions1 1 Part of the first author’s dissertation

ABSTRACT

Genetic parameters of morpho-agronomic and physiological traits of crambe genotypes under drought conditions¹ 1 Part of the first author’s dissertation