Digestible tryptophan requirement for tambaqui (<i>Colossoma macropomum</i>) fingerlings

Bomfim, Marcos Antonio Delmondes; Marchão, Rafael Silva; Ribeiro, Felipe Barbosa; Siqueira, Jefferson Costa de; Silva, Louis Ramos; Takishita, Sylvia Sanae

doi:10.5935/1806-6690.20200025

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Scientific Article • Rev. Ciênc. Agron. 51 (2) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20200025 copy

Digestible tryptophan requirement for tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fingerlings¹ 1 Parte do trabalho de conclusão de curso do quinto autor, apresentado ao Curso de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal do Maranhão/UFMA

Exigência de triptofano digestível para alevinos de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to determine the digestible tryptophan requirement of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fingerlings and its relationship with digestible lysine. A total of 300 tambaqui fingerlings with three initial weights (2.12 ± 1.19, 8.13 ± 0.75, and 15.18 ± 1.91 g) were distributed in a randomized complete block design, consisting of six treatments (0.225, 0.256, 0.288, 0.319, 0.350, and 0.381% of digestible tryptophan) and five replicates of 10 fish per plot. The tryptophan to lysine ratio was estimated using a 1.78% level of digestible lysine. Variables regarding performance, food efficiency, and body deposition of protein, fat, and ashes, and nitrogen retention efficiency were evaluated. Feed intake and nitrogen retention efficiency did not vary. For the digestible tryptophan intake, feed conversion and body deposition of ashes, the model that best fit was the Linear Response Plateau, with these variables improving with the elevation of digestible tryptophan concentration up to the levels of 0.335, 0.276 and 0.259%, respectively. Weight gain, specific growth rate, digestible tryptophan efficiency for weight gain, and body deposition of protein and fat increased in a quadratic manner with elevated digestible tryptophan levels; the estimated optimal levels were 0.320, 0.310, 0.280, 0.323 and 0.299%, respectively. The recommended digestible tryptophan level in rations for tambaqui fingerlings is 0.323%, corresponding to 0.108%/Mcal of digestible energy with a digestible tryptophan to lysine ratio of 18%.

Key words:
Essential amino acids; Corporal composition; Zootechnical performance; Amazon fish

Ingredients (%)	Diets
Ingredients (%)	PFD	RD
Soybean meal	0.000	61.318
Corn	0.000	27.800
Corn starch	80.816	0.000
Soybean oil	10.154	4.174
Rice husk	4.029	0.000
DL-Methionine (99.00%)	0.000	0.872
L-Threonine (98.50%)	0.000	0.583
L-Isoleucine (99.00%)	0.000	0.733
Calcitic limestone	0.059	0.166
Dicalcium phosphate	3.827	0.000
Vitamin and mineral premix¹ 1 Vitamin and mineral supplement (5 kg t-1) with guaranteed levels per kilogram of product: Total vitamins, 1,200,000 IU; vit. D3, 200,000 IU; vit. E, 1,200 mg; vit. K3, 2,400 mg; vit. B1, 4,800 mg; vit. B2, 4,800 mg; vit. B6, 4,800 mg; vit. B12, 4,800 mg; folic acid, 1,200 mg; Ca pantothenate, 12,000 mg; vit. C, 48,000 mg; biotin, 48 mg; choline chloride, 108 g; niacin, 24,000 mg; Fe, 50,000 mg; Cu, 3,000 mg; Mn, 20,000 mg; Zn, 30,000 mg; I, 100 mg; Co, 10 mg; Se, 100 mg;	0.500	3.284
Vitamin C² 2 Vitamin C: Calcium L-ascorbic acid 2-monophosphate, 42% of active ingredients	0.050	0.500
Salt	0.545	0.050
Antioxidant (BHT)	0.020	0.020

Diets (%)	PFD	Tryptophan Digestible Level (%)
Diets (%)	PFD	0.225	0.256	0.288	0.319	0.350	0.381 (DR)
Dilution (%)
PFD	100.00	40.91	32.73	24.55	16.36	8.18	0.00
RD	0.00	59.09	67.27	75.45	83.64	91.82	100.00
Calculated composition¹ 1 Based on the values proposed by Rostagno et al. (2011);
Crude protein (%)	0.00	18.73	21.33	23.92	26.51	29.11	31.70
Digestible protein (%)³ 3 Based on the digestibility coefficients for maize starch, maize, soybean meal and soybean oil proposed by Furuya et al. (2010) for Nile tilapia	0.00	17.19	19.57	21.95	24.33	26.71	29.09
Digestible energy (kcal/kg)² 2 Based on the digestibility coefficients of industrial amino acids proposed by Rostagno et al. (2011) and for amino acids and P availability for corn and soybean meal and dicalcium phosphate proposed by Furuya (2010); ,³ 3 Based on the digestibility coefficients for maize starch, maize, soybean meal and soybean oil proposed by Furuya et al. (2010) for Nile tilapia	3.000	3.000	3.000	3.000	3.000	3.000	3.000
Ethereal extract (%)	10.20	7.93	7.59	7.24	6.90	6.55	6.21
Digestible lysine (%)² 2 Based on the digestibility coefficients of industrial amino acids proposed by Rostagno et al. (2011) and for amino acids and P availability for corn and soybean meal and dicalcium phosphate proposed by Furuya (2010);	0.000	1.300	1.480	1.660	1.840	2.020	2.200
Digestible met. + cys (%)² 2 Based on the digestibility coefficients of industrial amino acids proposed by Rostagno et al. (2011) and for amino acids and P availability for corn and soybean meal and dicalcium phosphate proposed by Furuya (2010);	0.000	0.819	0.932	1.046	1.159	1.273	1.386
Digestible threonine (%)² 2 Based on the digestibility coefficients of industrial amino acids proposed by Rostagno et al. (2011) and for amino acids and P availability for corn and soybean meal and dicalcium phosphate proposed by Furuya (2010);	0.000	1.040	1.184	1.328	1.472	1.616	1.760
Total tryptophan (%)	0.000	0.238	0.271	0.304	0.337	0.370	0.403
Digestible tryptophan (%)² 2 Based on the digestibility coefficients of industrial amino acids proposed by Rostagno et al. (2011) and for amino acids and P availability for corn and soybean meal and dicalcium phosphate proposed by Furuya (2010);	0.000	0.225	0.256	0.288	0.319	0.350	0.381
Digestible isoleucine (%)² 2 Based on the digestibility coefficients of industrial amino acids proposed by Rostagno et al. (2011) and for amino acids and P availability for corn and soybean meal and dicalcium phosphate proposed by Furuya (2010);	0.000	0.832	0.947	1.062	1.178	1.293	1.408
Digest. tryp./ energy (kcal/kg)	0.000	0.075	0.085	0.096	0.106	0.117	0.127
Digest.tryp/ lysine ratio	0.00	17.30	17.30	17.30	17.30	17.30	17.30

Digestible tryptophan level (%)	Variable
Digestible tryptophan level (%)	FC (g)	DTC (mg)	WG (g)	SGR (% day^-1)	FC (g g^-1)	ETW (g g^-1)
0.225	23.38	55.67	18.17	4.35	2.07	280.56
0.256	26.42	71.63	25.41	5.25	1.53	340.45
0.288	26.04	79.18	30.28	5.87	1.35	376.29
0.319	28.93	97.49	30.64	6.08	1.60	286.32
0.350	26.64	98.56	27.81	5.39	1.65	241.20
0.381	24.41	98.38	26.70	4.90	1.61	232.41
Value P linear	0.6470	0.0003	0.0806	0.2401	0.0223	0.0214
Value P quadratic	0.1133	0.1880	0.0248	0.0007	0.0002	0.0252
Value de P LRP	0.0776	0.0001	0.0023	0.0951	0.0091	0.5000
CV (%)	19.26	22.86	27.53	14.01	10.99	22.97

Variable	Model	Equation	R²	Requirement (%)
DTI (mg)	Linear	$\hat{Y} = - 3.305 + 286.275 x$	0.88	-
DTI (mg)	LRP	$\hat{Y} = 98.142 - 372.448 (0.335 - x)$	0.98	0.335
WG (g)	Quadratic	$\hat{Y} = - 105.728 + 851.708 x - 1329.534 x^{2}$	0.95	0,320
WG (g)	LRP	$\hat{Y} = 28.384 - 192.083 (0.276 - x)$	0.89	0.276
SRG (% day^-1)	Quadratic	$\hat{Y} = - 15.493 + 138.378 x - 223.250 x^{2}$	0.96	0.310
FC (g g^-1)	Linear	$\hat{Y} = 2.099 - 1.531 x$	0.14	-
FC (g g^-1)	Quadratic	$\hat{Y} = 7.687 - 39.602 x + 62.837 x^{2}$	0.64	0.315
FC (g g^-1)	LRP	$\hat{Y} = 1.620 + 11.312 (0.259 - x)$	0.79	0.259
ETW (g g^-1)	Linear	$\hat{Y} = - 572.819 + 466.532 x$	0.36	-
ETW (g g^-1)	Quadratic	$\hat{Y} = - 629.775 + 6896.538 x - 12328.203 x^{2}$	0.70	0.280

Digestible tryptophan Level (%)	Variable
Digestible tryptophan Level (%)	DPD (mg day^-1)	DFD (mg day^-1)	DAD (mg day^-1)	NRE (%)
0.225	58.66	58.95	11.01	34.49
0.256	81.47	74.58	15.03	41.52
0.288	115.39	89.67	21.17	48.81
0.319	97.72	77.71	18.97	34.78
0.350	91.64	63.39	17.74	30.07
0.381	96.08	61.21	20.04	31.41
Value P linear	0.0546	0.5699	0.0468	0.1350
Value P quadratic	0.0293	0.0046	0.1646	0.1039
Value P LRP	0.3450	0.1931	0.0022	0.5000
CV (%)	29.03	22.31	37.18	29.70

Variable	Model	Equation	R²	Requirement (%)
DPD (mg day^-1)	Quadratic	$\hat{Y} = - 376.920 + 2986.360 x - 4625.462 x^{2}$	0.74	0.323
DFD (mg day^-1)	Quadratic	$\hat{Y} = - 258.105 + 2274.270 x - 3804.146 x^{2}$	0.75	0.299
DAD (mg day^-1)	Linear	$\hat{Y} = 3.109 + 46.902 x$	0.53	-
DAD (mg day^-1)	LRP	$\hat{Y} = - 18.917 - 161.603 (0.276 - x)$	0.89	0.276

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Digestible tryptophan requirement for tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fingerlings1 1 Parte do trabalho de conclusão de curso do quinto autor, apresentado ao Curso de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal do Maranhão/UFMA

Exigência de triptofano digestível para alevinos de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum)

ABSTRACT

Digestible tryptophan requirement for tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fingerlings¹ 1 Parte do trabalho de conclusão de curso do quinto autor, apresentado ao Curso de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal do Maranhão/UFMA