RESPONSE OF BEET TO DOSES OF POTASSIUM IN OXISOL WITH HIGH CONTENT OF THE NUTRIENT<sup>1</sup>

PASSOS, DANILO DOS REIS CARDOSO; CECÍLIO FILHO, ARTHUR BERNARDES; REIS, ISAIAS DOS SANTOS; PEREIRA, BRENO DE JESUS

doi:10.1590/1983-21252020v33n314rc

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Agronomy • Rev. Caatinga 33 (3) • Jul-Sep 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252020v33n314rc copy

RESPONSE OF BEET TO DOSES OF POTASSIUM IN OXISOL WITH HIGH CONTENT OF THE NUTRIENT¹

RESPOSTA DA BETERRABA A DOSES DE POTÁSSIO EM LATOSSOLO COM ALTO TEOR DO NUTRIENTE

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Fertiliser recommendation tables for beet culture have been prepared based on the response to potassium (K) doses in soils with a low nutrient content. However, there is little research that evaluates potassium fertilisation for beet crops in soil with high K content, a condition commonly found, which allows a better understanding of the crop’s response to the nutrient. The objective was to evaluate the response of beet to doses of K in Oxisol with a high K content. The experiment was carried out in the field, with an experimental design in randomised blocks, in a 4 x 2 factor scheme with four replications. The doses of K were 0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha^-1 of K₂O, and the cultivars were ‘Early Wonder’ and ‘Kestrel’. At 50 days after transplantation, the levels of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), K and boron (B) in the diagnostic leaf were evaluated. Beet yield and accumulation of these four nutrients were analysed at harvest. The doses of K positively influenced the leaf content of K; however, without an effect on beet yield. Therefore, in Oxisol with a high K content available, potassium fertilisation is not recommended. To maintain soil fertility at a high potassium content, fertilisation with 162 and 126 kg ha^-1 of K₂O is recommended for ‘Early Wonder’ and ‘Kestrel’, respectively; doses equivalent to the quantities exported by the beet root.

Keywords:
Beta vulgaris L.; Potassium fertilization; Mineral nutrition; Nutrient accumulation

Month	maxT (ºC)	minT (ºC)	averT (ºC)	HR (%)	Rainfal (mm)	RDN
June	27.3	11.4	18.9	63.9	0	0
July	28.8	8.1	18.0	58.7	0	0
August	34.8	9.8	21.0	58.3	17.1	4
September	34.9	12.6	24.4	36.5	0	0
Average	31.5	10.5	20.6	54.4	-	-

Sources of variation				F values
Sources of variation	N	P	K	B	Yield
Cultivar (C)	29.1^ p ≤ 0.01; ¹ 1 F test,	2.4 ^ns ns no significant; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	1.3 ^ns ns no significant; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	47.4^ p ≤ 0.01;	8.35^ p ≤ 0.01;
K dose (K)	3.7^* * p ≤ 0.05;	5.4^ p ≤ 0.01;	6.0^ p ≤ 0.01;	2.0 ^ns ns no significant; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	2.01 ^ns ns no significant; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.
C x K	0.3 ^ns ns no significant; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	2.3 ^ns ns no significant; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	1.7 ^ns ns no significant; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	0.1 ^ns ns no significant; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	0.35 ^ns ns no significant; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.
CV (%)	4.4	13.9	20.3	11.0	12.18
Cultivar				Means
Cultivar	------------------ g kg^-1 ----------------			mg kg^-1	kg ha^-1
'Early Wonder'	28.7 a	8.1 a	71.2 a	45.4 a	29710.9 a
'Kestrel'	26.4 b	7.5 a	77.3 a	34.7 b	26230.5 b
MSD	0.9	0.8	11.1	3.2	2504.1
Dose of K₂O (kg ha^-1)				Means
Dose of K₂O (kg ha^-1)	--------------- g kg^-1 -----------------			mg kg^-1	kg ha^-1
0	28.8	6.9	71.2	42.2	27097.7
60	26.9	8.8	81.2	37.6	26140.6
120	27.5	7.2	78.3	41.5	30019.5
180	27.1	8.1	82.6	38.9	28625.0
MSD	1.7	1.5	21.0	6.1	4746.4

Sources of variation				F values
	N-S	P-S	K-S	B-S	N-TR	P-TR	K-TR	B-TR
Cultivar (C)	34.0^ p ≤ 0.01; ¹ 1 F test,	39.3^ p ≤ 0.01;	0.2 ^ns ns no significant; Quadr.: quadratic equation; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	21.7^ p ≤ 0.01;	9.2^ p ≤ 0.01;	14.1^ p ≤ 0.01;	5.8^* * p ≤ 0.05;	4.4^* * p ≤ 0.05;
K dose (K)	0.4 ^ns ns no significant; Quadr.: quadratic equation; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	0.6 ^ns ns no significant; Quadr.: quadratic equation; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	0.07 ^ns ns no significant; Quadr.: quadratic equation; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	1.6 ^ns ns no significant; Quadr.: quadratic equation; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	2.2 ^ns ns no significant; Quadr.: quadratic equation; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	5.4^ p ≤ 0.01;	2.0 ^ns ns no significant; Quadr.: quadratic equation; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	1.2 ^ns ns no significant; Quadr.: quadratic equation; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.
C x K	0.3 ^ns ns no significant; Quadr.: quadratic equation; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	0.06 ^ns ns no significant; Quadr.: quadratic equation; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	0.4 ^ns ns no significant; Quadr.: quadratic equation; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	0.2 ^ns ns no significant; Quadr.: quadratic equation; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	0.2 ^ns ns no significant; Quadr.: quadratic equation; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	2.0 ^ns ns no significant; Quadr.: quadratic equation; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	2.5 ^ns ns no significant; Quadr.: quadratic equation; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.	0.5 ^ns ns no significant; Quadr.: quadratic equation; CV: coefficient of variation; MSD: minimum significant difference.
CV (%)	25.2	25.7	53.6	41.3	14.9	14.9	29.4	28.7
Cultivar				Means (mg plant^-1)
'Early Wonder'	151.2 a	38.3 a	389.7 a	0.2 a	251.0 a	37.3 a	271.3 a	0.43 a
'Kestrel'	88.8 b	21.3 b	357.9 a	0.1 b	213.9 b	30.6 b	210.8 b	0.35 b
Average	-	-	373.8	-	-	-	-	-
MSD	22.3	5.7	147.4	0.05	25.4	3.7	52.2	0.08
Dose of K₂O (kg ha^-1)				Means (mg plant^-1)
0	124.2	29.8	383.1	0.18	219.1	31.4	194.9	0.44
60	127.3	32.4	368.9	0.19	231.2	37.7	271.6	0.39
120	112.4	29.6	393.4	0.13	258.2	37.3	266.1	0.34
180	116.2	27.4	349.7	0.15	221.3	29.5	231.5	0.39
Average	120.0	29.8	373.8	0.15	232.5	34.0	241.0	0.39
Regression eq.	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	Quadr.	Quadr.	ns

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RESPONSE OF BEET TO DOSES OF POTASSIUM IN OXISOL WITH HIGH CONTENT OF THE NUTRIENT1

RESPOSTA DA BETERRABA A DOSES DE POTÁSSIO EM LATOSSOLO COM ALTO TEOR DO NUTRIENTE

ABSTRACT

RESPONSE OF BEET TO DOSES OF POTASSIUM IN OXISOL WITH HIGH CONTENT OF THE NUTRIENT¹