Morfologia do meloeiro cultivado com efluente de piscicultura e esterco bovino

Ferreira, Ana P. N.; Peixoto, Tayd D. C.; Oliveira, Palloma V. C. de; Souza, Andressa G. de; Nobre, Reginaldo G.; Oliveira, Arthur A. S. de; Oliveira, Francisco É. R. de; Ferreira Neto, Miguel

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Scientific Article • Rev. Caatinga 37 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252024v3712231rc copiar

Morfologia do meloeiro cultivado com efluente de piscicultura e esterco bovino

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

A escassez hídrica é um grande desafio enfrentado nas regiões semiáridas, especialmente, no que diz respeito à agricultura. Assim, alternativas para o uso de águas disponíveis que têm qualidade inferior, bem como a adição de matéria orgânica no solo, são estratégias fundamentais para enfrentar esse desafio. Diante disso, objetivou-se investigar o uso de efluente da piscicultura e esterco bovino na produção de mudas de meloeiro da variedade Cantaloupe, cultivar Hales Best Jumbo. Realizou-se o experimento em casa de vegetação, com delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 5 x 5, cujos tratamentos foram compostos de cinco proporções de esterco bovino - E (0%; 5%; 10%; 15% e 20%) e cinco diluições do efluente de piscicultura (EP) em água de abastecimento público (AA): D1 - 0% EP; D2 - 15% EP e 85% AA; D3 - 30% EP e 70% AA; D4 - 45% EP e 55% AA; D5 - 60% EP e 40% AA, com 6 repetições, totalizando 150 unidades experimentais. Os resultados indicam que a utilização do substrato contendo 20% de esterco bovino, irrigado com a diluição D3 (30% de efluente de piscicultura e 70% de água de abastecimento) proporcionou benefícios no desempenho das variáveis de crescimento e fitomassa do meloeiro. O reúso de efluente da piscicultura, apresentando condutividade elétrica até 1,75 dS m-1, é uma alternativa de reaproveitamento e favorece o crescimento e a produção de fitomassa de meloeiro Cantaloupe da cultivar Hales Best Jumbo.

Palavras-chave
Cucumis melo L; Estresse salino; Matéria orgânica; Reúso

Identification	PH	EC	K⁺	Na⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺ CL	CO₃^2-	hco₃^-	SAR
Identification	h₂o	dS m¹				mmol_c L^-1			(mmol_c L^-1)⁰·⁵
PSW	7.90	0.58	0.36	4.15	0.80	1.10 4.00	0.00	5.50	4.30
FFE	7.50	4.11	0.71	16.65	16.90	9.70 22.60	0.00	5.80	4.60

Dilutions of effluent	pH	EC (dS m^-1)
D1	7.90	0.58
D2	7.80	1.19
D3	7.70	1.75
D4	7.60	2.30
D5	7.60	2.57

	pH	ECse	N OM	P K⁺ Na⁺	Ca²⁺ Mg²⁺ Al³⁺ H+Al SB CEC	V	m	ESP
	H₂O	dS m^-1	-----g kg^-1----	---------mg dm^-3---------	-------------------cmol_c dm^-3-------------------		%
Soil	7.70	0.06	0.49 8.80	123.8 104.3 15.3	2.8 1.2 0.0 0.0 4.33 4.33	100	0	2
Manure	7.70	1.96	2.66 51.06	421.0 1983.1 430.6	6.2 2.9 0.0 0.0 16.04 16.04	100	0	12

Sources of variation		DF			Mean square
Sources of variation		DF	NL	PH	RL	TLA	SD
Manure (M)		4	10.67^ ,	367.75^ ,	54.20^* * and	64665.59^ ,	6.65^ ,
Linear regression		1	42.56^ ,	1429.47^ ,	169.50^ ,	256696.83^ ,	25.82^ ,
Quadratic regression		1	0.00^ns ns = Significant at 1% probability level, significant at 5% probability level and not significant, respectively, according to the F test. Means followed by the same letters in the column do not differ by Tukey test at 5% probability level. Dilutions of fish farming effluent (FFE) in public-supply water (PSW): D1 - 0% FFE; D2 - 15% FFE and 85% PSW; D3 - 30% FFE and 70% PSW; D4 - 45% FFE and 55% PSW; D5 - 60% FFE and 40% PSW.	31.52^ns ns = Significant at 1% probability level, significant at 5% probability level and not significant, respectively, according to the F test. Means followed by the same letters in the column do not differ by Tukey test at 5% probability level. Dilutions of fish farming effluent (FFE) in public-supply water (PSW): D1 - 0% FFE; D2 - 15% FFE and 85% PSW; D3 - 30% FFE and 70% PSW; D4 - 45% FFE and 55% PSW; D5 - 60% FFE and 40% PSW.	10.91^ns ns = Significant at 1% probability level, significant at 5% probability level and not significant, respectively, according to the F test. Means followed by the same letters in the column do not differ by Tukey test at 5% probability level. Dilutions of fish farming effluent (FFE) in public-supply water (PSW): D1 - 0% FFE; D2 - 15% FFE and 85% PSW; D3 - 30% FFE and 70% PSW; D4 - 45% FFE and 55% PSW; D5 - 60% FFE and 40% PSW.	33.82^ns ns = Significant at 1% probability level, significant at 5% probability level and not significant, respectively, according to the F test. Means followed by the same letters in the column do not differ by Tukey test at 5% probability level. Dilutions of fish farming effluent (FFE) in public-supply water (PSW): D1 - 0% FFE; D2 - 15% FFE and 85% PSW; D3 - 30% FFE and 70% PSW; D4 - 45% FFE and 55% PSW; D5 - 60% FFE and 40% PSW.	0.28^ns ns = Significant at 1% probability level, significant at 5% probability level and not significant, respectively, according to the F test. Means followed by the same letters in the column do not differ by Tukey test at 5% probability level. Dilutions of fish farming effluent (FFE) in public-supply water (PSW): D1 - 0% FFE; D2 - 15% FFE and 85% PSW; D3 - 30% FFE and 70% PSW; D4 - 45% FFE and 55% PSW; D5 - 60% FFE and 40% PSW.
Effluent (E)		4	0.68^ns ns = Significant at 1% probability level, significant at 5% probability level and not significant, respectively, according to the F test. Means followed by the same letters in the column do not differ by Tukey test at 5% probability level. Dilutions of fish farming effluent (FFE) in public-supply water (PSW): D1 - 0% FFE; D2 - 15% FFE and 85% PSW; D3 - 30% FFE and 70% PSW; D4 - 45% FFE and 55% PSW; D5 - 60% FFE and 40% PSW.	54.35^ ,	45.19^* * and	4517.71^ ,	0.37^* * and
M x E		16	0.39^ns ns = Significant at 1% probability level, significant at 5% probability level and not significant, respectively, according to the F test. Means followed by the same letters in the column do not differ by Tukey test at 5% probability level. Dilutions of fish farming effluent (FFE) in public-supply water (PSW): D1 - 0% FFE; D2 - 15% FFE and 85% PSW; D3 - 30% FFE and 70% PSW; D4 - 45% FFE and 55% PSW; D5 - 60% FFE and 40% PSW.	20.25^ns ns = Significant at 1% probability level, significant at 5% probability level and not significant, respectively, according to the F test. Means followed by the same letters in the column do not differ by Tukey test at 5% probability level. Dilutions of fish farming effluent (FFE) in public-supply water (PSW): D1 - 0% FFE; D2 - 15% FFE and 85% PSW; D3 - 30% FFE and 70% PSW; D4 - 45% FFE and 55% PSW; D5 - 60% FFE and 40% PSW.	16.65^ns ns = Significant at 1% probability level, significant at 5% probability level and not significant, respectively, according to the F test. Means followed by the same letters in the column do not differ by Tukey test at 5% probability level. Dilutions of fish farming effluent (FFE) in public-supply water (PSW): D1 - 0% FFE; D2 - 15% FFE and 85% PSW; D3 - 30% FFE and 70% PSW; D4 - 45% FFE and 55% PSW; D5 - 60% FFE and 40% PSW.	2483.45^ ,	0.26^* * and
Residual		125	0.33	12.20	17.30	796.05	0.15
CV (%)		-	12.86	21.06	14.71	18.09	7.55
	Treatments				Mean ± Standard error
	Treatments		NL	PH (cm)	RL (cm)	TLA (cm²)	SD (mm)
D1			4.53 ± 0.14 a	16.01 ± 0.76 ab	29.79 ± 0.81 a	150.74 ± 9.22 b	4.90 ± 0.12 b
D2			4.73 ± 0.15 a	17.71 ± 0.85 a	27.76 ± 0.82 ab	155.63 ± 8.42 ab	5.06 ± 0.09 ab
D3			4.50 ± 0.16 a	17.90 ± 1.20 a	26.57 ± 0.66 b	174.87 ± 12.11 a	5.20 ± 0.13 a
D4			4.37 ± 0.12a	16.70 ± 0.83 ab	29.03 ± 0.85 ab	157.35 ± 9.53 ab	5.11 ± 0.09 ab
D5			4.37 ± 0.14 a	14.61 ± 0.62 b	28.23 ± 0.76 ab	141.29 ± 8.00 b	5.12 ± 0.08 ab

Sources of variation	DF				Mean square
Sources of variation	DF	SFM	RFM	SDM	RDM	TFM	TDM	DQI
Manure (M)	4	372.21^ ,	39.78^ ,	3.51^ ,	0.57^ ,	641.61^ ,	6.75^ ,	0.09^ ,
Linear Reg.	1	1477.41^ ,	141.91^ ,	13.77^ ,	1.85^ ,	2535.08^ ,	25.72^ ,	0.28^ ,
Quadratic Reg.	1	1.21^ns ns = Significant at 1% probability level, significant at 5% probability level and not significant, respectively, according to the F test. Means followed by the same letters in the column do not differ by Tukey test at 5% probability level.	14.23^ ,	0.20^* * and	0.39^ ,	7.14ns	1.17^ ,	0.06^* * and
Effluent (E)	4	18.55^ ,	5.45^* * and	0.27^ ,	0.26^ ,	37.44^ ,	0.95^ ,	0.02^* * and
M x E	16	7.87^ ,	6.10^ ,	0.09^* * and	0.17^ ,	20.89^ ,	0.35^ ,	0.02^ ,
Residual	125	3.56	1.78	0.05	0.05	7.66	0.15	0.01
CV (%)	-	17.75	24.64	19.02	33.79	17.24	21.48	26.48

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[1] Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest related to the publication of this manuscript