DYNAMICS OF HERITABILITY IN DIFFERENT CHARACTERS OF LETTUCE<sup/>

OLIVEIRA, ALISSON HENRIQUE GAMA DE; MACIEL, GABRIEL MASCARENHAS; SIQUIEROLI, ANA CAROLINA SILVA; LUZ, JOSÉ MAGNO QUEIROZ; SILVA, ERNANI CLARETE DA

doi:10.1590/1983-21252021v34n303rc

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Article • Rev. Caatinga 34 (3) • Jul-Sep 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252021v34n303rc copy

DYNAMICS OF HERITABILITY IN DIFFERENT CHARACTERS OF LETTUCE¹ 1 Received for publication in 04/26/2020; accepted in 03/08/2021. Paper extracted from the master dissertation of the first author .

DINÂMICA DA HERDABILIDADE EM DIFERENTES CARACTERES DE ALFACE

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The lack of knowledge of the genetic parameters and the type of gene action results in difficulties to obtain varieties that combine agronomic and functional characteristics. The objective of this study was to determine the type of gene action associated with the contents of chlorophyll and agronomic characteristics in lettuce populations. The research was conducted at the Experimental Station of Vegetables, Monte Carmelo, Brazil. To perform the crosses and obtain the generations P₁, P₂, F₁, F₂, Bc₁ and Bc₂ the genotypes UFU-Albina#2, UFU-Albina#3, UFU-Lisa124#2#1, UFU-Crespa199#1#1 and UFU-Lisa217#5#2 were used as parents. The generations were evaluated for three characteristics: number of leaves, plant diameter and chlorophyll content. The parameters: genetic, phenotypic, environmental and additive variance, the dominance in F₂, heritability in the broad and narrow-sense, the average degree of dominance based on averages, number of genes, the measure of the dominance deviations, additive effects and all interactions of ‘additive x additive’, ‘additive x dominant’ and ‘dominant x dominant’ type, were evaluated. Chlorophyll content was the most influenced by the environment. Plant diameter had the highest narrow-sense heritability for the cross UFU-Lisa-124#2#1 x UFU-Albina#3 (82.1%). The number of genes for the number of leaves varied from inconclusive to a minimum of 9 genes. The gene interactions for number of leaves were of overdominance type, while for plant diameter and for chlorophyll content the gene interactions were of partial dominance. The characteristics are suggested as being of polygenic or oligogenic nature.

Keywords:
Lactuca sativa ; Additive effects; Chlorophyll; Number of leaves; Plant diameter

Genotype	Leaf color	NL	PD (cm)	Chlorophyll content
UFU-Albina#2	Green	12.22	18.50	17.35
UFU-Albina#3	Green	19.87	26.84	22.50
UFU-Lisa124#2#1	Green	28.97	27.71	33.23
UFU-Crespa199#1#1	Purple	51.52	30.13	43.02
UFU-Lisa217#5#2	Green	31.03	22.66	38.68

Crosses	Generations
Crosses	P₁	P₂	F₁	F₂	Bc₁	Bc₂
UFU-Lisa-124#2#1 x UFU-Albina#2	60	40	20	312	23	32
UFU-Lisa-217#5#2 x UFU-Albina#2	60	38	20	323	17	28
UFU-Lisa-124#2#1 x UFU-Albina#3	62	40	20	340	20	28
UFU-Crespa199#1#1 x UFU-Albina#3	62	40	20	307	10	33
UFU-Lisa-217#5#2 x UFU-Albina#3	62	38	20	367	7	3

Parameters	Chlorop. content	RS(%)	Plant diameter	RS(%)	Number of leaves	RS(%)
UFU-Lisa-217#5#2 x UFU-Albina#2
$\bar{x} P_{1}$	17.35	122.9	18.50	22.5	12.22	153.9
$\bar{x} P_{2}$	38.68		22.66		31.03
$\bar{x} F_{1}$	34.03	13.7	24.00	-5.6	28.75	7.9
$\bar{x} F_{2}$	31.70	22.0	25.24	-10.2	24.06	29.0
$\bar{x} {B c}_{1}$	21.28	81.8	20.91	8.4	17.35	78.8
$\bar{x} {B c}_{2}$	33.67	14.9	22.80	-0.6	30.14	3.0
$σ_{g}^{2}$	19.25		15.96		26.68
$σ_{e}^{2}$	32.69		11.42		23.16
$σ_{f}^{2}$	51.95		27.38		49.84
$σ_{a}^{2}$	16.13		30.23		17.60
$σ_{d}^{2}$	3.12		-14.27		9.08
$h_{a}^{2}$	37.07		58.30		53.53
$h_{r}^{2}$	31.05		110.44		35.31
K	-0.56		-1.64		-0.76
η	13.34		3.24		9.20
TS	S		S		N
UFU-Lisa-124#2#1 x UFU-Albina#2
$\bar{x} P_{1}$	17.35	91.5	18.50	49.8	12.22	137.1
$\bar{x} P_{2}$	33.23		27.71		28.97
$\bar{x} F_{1}$	32.44	2.4	25.61	8.2	22.30	29.9
$\bar{x} F_{2}$	29.15	14.0	21.24	30.5	16.28	77.9
$\bar{x} {B c}_{1}$	21.12	57.3	20.24	36.9	19.35	49.7
$\bar{x} {B c}_{2}$	32.35	2.7	29.84	-7.1	29.50	-1.8
$σ_{g}^{2}$	1.58		12.53		16.76
$σ_{e}^{2}$	43.61		14.28		16.85
$σ_{f}^{2}$	45.20		26.81		33.61
$σ_{a}^{2}$	62.26		17.05		23.94
$σ_{d}^{2}$	-60.67		-4.52		-7.18
$h_{a}^{2}$	3.51		46.72		49.86
$h_{r}^{2}$	137.74		63.60		71.22
K	-0.90		-0.54		-0.20
η	2.63		6.29		5.02
TS	S		N		N
$\bar{x} P_{1}$	22.50	71.9	26.84	-15.6	19.87	56.2
$\bar{x} P_{2}$	38.68		22.66		31.03
$\bar{x} F_{1}$	39.62	-2.4	28.01	-19.1	37.45	-17.1
$\bar{x} F_{2}$	35.75	8.2	28.08	-19.3	27.88	11.3
$\bar{x} {B c}_{1}$	31.06	24.5	31.21	-27.4	24.57	26.3
$\bar{x} {B c}_{2}$	26.87	44.0	28.13	-19.4	30.00	3.4
$σ_{g}^{2}$	13.53		16.63		31.91
$σ_{e}^{2}$	37.76		10.50		19.62
$σ_{f}^{2}$	51.29		27.13		51.34
$σ_{a}^{2}$	-164.58		9.66		83.45
$σ_{d}^{2}$	178.12		6.97		-51.54
$h_{a}^{2}$	26.39		61.29		61.92
$h_{r}^{2}$	-320.86		35.60		161.93
K	-1.12		1.56		-2.15
η	-1.17		22.18		2.40
TS	S		S		S
UFU-Lisa-124#2#1 x UFU-Albina#3
$\bar{x} P_{1}$	22.50	47.7	26.84	3.2	19.87	45.8
$\bar{x} P_{2}$	33.23		27.71		28.97
$\bar{x} F_{1}$	33.98	-2.2	30.24	-8.4	28.35	2.2
$\bar{x} F_{2}$	29.32	13.3	26.47	4.7	23.19	24.9
$\bar{x} {B c}_{1}$	38.62	-14.0	29.21	-5.1	23.40	23.8
$\bar{x} {B c}_{2}$	33.68	-1.3	31.25	-11.3	32.64	-11.2
$σ_{g}^{2}$	-1.85		15.00		14.87
$σ_{e}^{2}$	46.57		16.68		27.55
$σ_{f}^{2}$	44.73		31.68		42.42
$σ_{a}^{2}$	-3741.63		8.65		34.85
$σ_{d}^{2}$	3789.78		6.34		-19.98
$h_{a}^{2}$	-4.13		47.34		35.05
$h_{r}^{2}$	-8365.17		27.32		82.16
K	-1.14		-6.77		-0.86
η	-0.07		18		4.91
TS	S		S		S
UFU-Crespa199#1#1 x UFU-Albina#3
$\bar{x} P_{1}$	22.50	91.2	26.84	12.3	19.87	8.3
$\bar{x} P_{2}$	43.02		30.13		21.52
$\bar{x} F_{1}$	41.11	4.6	34.49	-12.6	25.70	-16.3
$\bar{x} F_{2}$	40.10	7.3	25.61	17.6	18.04	19.3
$\bar{x} {B c}_{1}$	35.93	19.7	32.62	-7.6	26.10	-17.5
$\bar{x} {B c}_{2}$	43.02	0.0	30.61	-1.6	22.64	-4.9
$σ_{g}^{2}$	572.09		18.91		21.93
$σ_{e}^{2}$	65.84		18.33		11.59
$σ_{f}^{2}$	637.93		37.24		33.53
$σ_{a}^{2}$	1129.05		13.55		-4.73
$σ_{d}^{2}$	-556.96		5.36		26.67
$h_{a}^{2}$	89.68		50.77		65.42
$h_{r}^{2}$	176.99		36.39		-14.12
K	-0.81		-3.65		-6.05
η	21.85		10.35		-32.34
TS	S		S		S

Parameters	Chlorop. content		Plant diameter		Number of leaves
Parameters	CM	ADM	CM	ADM	CM	ADM
UFU-Lisa-217#5#2 x UFU-Albina#2
m	44.90*	27.97*	34.12*	21.39*	22.89*	21.53*
a	-10.67ns	-10.57ns	-2.08ns	-2.07ns	-9.40ns	-9.44ns
d	-41.94ns	6.23*	-25.39ns	4.73*	-1.16ns	28.75*
aa	-16.88ns	-	-.13.54ns	-	-1.27ns	-
ad	-3.46ns	-	0.38ns	-	-6.77ns	-
dd	31.07*	-	15.27*	-	7.02ns	-
		UFU-Lisa-124#2#1 x UFU-Albina#2
m	34.94*	25.42*	7.92*	22.59*	1.84ns	20.19*
a	-7.94ns	-8.42ns	-4.61ns	-5.25ns	-8.38ns	-8.68ns
d	-20.67ns	5.88*	35.61*	0.37ns	37.29*	-3.71ns
aa	-9.64ns	-	15.19*	-	18.74*	-
ad	-6.57ns	-	-9.99ns	-	-17.37ns	-
dd	18.17*	-	-17.92ns	-	-16.83ns	-
		UFU-Lisa-217#5#2 x Albina#3
m	57.74*	30.76*	18.38*	25.30*	27.81*	23.86*
a	-8.10ns	-8.13ns	2.09*	1.93*	-5.58ns	-4.10ns
d	69.85ns	9.67ns	29.16ns	4.49*	-9.38ns	8.18*
aa	-27.17ns	-	6.36ns	-	-2.37ns	-
ad	24.16ns	-	1.98ns	-	0.30ns	-
dd	51.73ns	-	-19.53ns	-	19.02*	-
		UFU-Lisa-124#2#1 x UFU-Albina#3
m	0.54ns	28.90*	12.22*	27.35*	5.09ns	24.43*
a	-5.38ns	-3.31ns	-0.44ns	-0.75ns	-4.55ns	-5.49ns
d	81.69ns	7.17*	38.95*	3.04*	49.13*	3.93*
aa	27.31ns	-	15.05*	-	19.33*	-
ad	20.64ns	-	-3.19ns	-	-9.38ns	-
dd	-48.25ns	-	-20.93ns	-	-25.87ns	-
m	35.25*	32.97*	4.56ns	27.95*	-4.59ns	19.44*
a	-10.27ns	-10.29ns	-1.64ns	-1.73ns	-0.82ns	-0.75ns
d	13.54ns	41.11*	54.28*	-0.64ns	60.26*	1.95*
aa	-2.50ns	-	23.92*	-	25.29*	-
ad	6.35ns	-	7.39ns	-	8.58*	-
dd	-7.69ns	-	-24.34ns	-	-29.97ns	-

Parameters	Chlorop. content		Plant diameter		Number of leaves
Parameters	CM	ADM	CM	ADM	CM	ADM
UFU-Lisa-217#5#2 x UFU-Albina#2
m	21.73	86.99	69.81	97.91	5.88	83.29
a	70.14	12.08	10.14	0.84	93.38	15.70
d	2.24	0.93	4.86	1.25	0.00	1.00
Subtotal	94.11	100.00	84.81	100.00	99.26	99.99
aa	3.13	-	11.29	-	0.02	-
ad	0.14	-	0.01	-	0.58	-
dd	2.62	-	3.89	-	0.14	-
Epistatic effects	5.89	-	15.19	-	0.74	-
		UFU-Lisa-124#2#1 x UFU-Albina#2
m	32.94	88.37	3.92	95.06	0.07	84.02
a	59.64	10.77	59.13	4.94	79.15	15.38
d	1.42	0.85	9.75	0.00	3.73	0.58
Subtotal	94.00	99.99	72.80	100.00	82.95	99.98
aa	2.59	-	14.76	-	7.76	-
ad	1.59	-	7.13	-	7.70	-
dd	1.76	-	5.30	-	1.59	-
Epistatic effects	5.94	-	27.19	-	17.05	-
UFU-Lisa-217#5#2 x UFU-Albina#3
m	6.82	92.26	17.55	98.73	27.06	94.23
a	87.94	5.60	70.13	0.50	69.03	3.68
d	1.11	2.14	4.98	0.77	0.37	2.09
Subtotal	95.87	100.00	92.66	100.00	96.46	100.00
aa	1.51	-	2.11	-	0.20	-
ad	1.24	-	0.21	-	0.00	-
dd	1.37	-	5.01	-	3.33	-
Epistatic effects	4.12	-	7.33	-	3.53	-
UFU-Lisa-124#2#1 x UFU-Albina#3
m	0.00	96.95	17.04	99.56	1.10	94.38
a	26.07	1.31	1.07	0.08	43.02	4.91
d	21.26	1.74	29.97	0.36	17.71	0.71
Subtotal	47.33	100.00	48.08	100.00	61.83	100.00
aa	14.01	-	26.39	-	16.17	-
ad	19.21	-	2.84	-	9.14	-
dd	19.44	-	22.68	-	12.87	-
Epistatic effects	52.66	-	54.91	-	38.18	-
UFU-Crespa199#1#1 x UFU-Albina#3
m	7.27	89.79	1.20	99.61	1.40	99.63
a	92.05	8.88	33.70	0.38	6.59	0.13
d	0.15	1.33	19.78	0.00	28.19	0.24
Subtotal	99.47	100.00	54.68	99.99	36.18	100.00
aa	0.04	-	33.27	-	42.92	-
ad	0.38	-	3.41	-	5.26	-
dd	0.11	-	8.63	-	15.62	-
Epistatic effects	0.53	-	45.31	-	63.80	-

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[1] *Corresponding author

Brasil

Brasil

DYNAMICS OF HERITABILITY IN DIFFERENT CHARACTERS OF LETTUCE1 1 Received for publication in 04/26/2020; accepted in 03/08/2021. Paper extracted from the master dissertation of the first author .

DINÂMICA DA HERDABILIDADE EM DIFERENTES CARACTERES DE ALFACE

ABSTRACT

DYNAMICS OF HERITABILITY IN DIFFERENT CHARACTERS OF LETTUCE¹ 1 Received for publication in 04/26/2020; accepted in 03/08/2021. Paper extracted from the master dissertation of the first author .