MILK PRODUCTION AND THE FEEDING COSTS OF LACTATING SAANEN GOATS FED DIETS CONTAINING SPINELESS CACTUS

SOARES, LUCIANA FELIZARDO PEREIRA; CORRÊA, AGNI MARTINS NUNES; SOUZA, ANDREIA FERNANDES DE; CARVALHO, FRANCISCO FERNANDO RAMOS DE; MACIEL, MICHEL DO VALE

doi:10.1590/1983-21252020v33n227rc

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Technical Note • Rev. Caatinga 33 (2) • Apr-Jun 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252020v33n227rc copy

MILK PRODUCTION AND THE FEEDING COSTS OF LACTATING SAANEN GOATS FED DIETS CONTAINING SPINELESS CACTUS

PRODUÇÃO DE LEITE E CUSTOS DA ALIMENTAÇÃO DE CABRAS SAANEN EM LACTAÇÃO RECEBENDO DIETAS CONTENDO PALMA FORRAGEIRA

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

A new spineless cactus genotype (Orelha de Elefante Mexicana) is being used in the diets of dairy animals raised in semiarid regions. However, little is known about its impact on goat milk production and feeding costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the milk production and costs of feeding lactating Saanen goats with diets containing the spineless cactus Orelha de Elefante Mexicana (OEM) as a replacement for the Miúda (MIU) spineless cactus. Ten Saanen goats with an average initial weight of 50 ± 5.6 kg were assigned to two 5 × 5 Latin-square designs. The diets consisted of replacing MIU with four levels of OEM (0%, 11.5%, 23.5%, and 35%, on a dry matter basis) and a control based on Tifton hay. The diet with 35% OEM had lower costs per kg dry matter ($0.32) as well as lower daily feed costs ($0.29/d). The dry matter intakes and milk yields (3.21 kg/d) did not differ (P > 0.05) between the OEM replacement levels. The use of up to 35% MIU or OEM spineless cactus in the Saanen goat diet maintains milk production levels and decreases feed production costs.

Keywords:
Intake; Dactylopius opuntiae; Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw; Economic performance

Ingredients (g/kg)		OEM levels (%)
Ingredients (g/kg)	Control	0	11.5	23.5	35
Tifton hay	500	150	150	150	150
Miúda	0	350	235	115	0
Orelha de Elefante Mexicana (OEM)	0	0	115	235	350
Ground corn	308	318	317	316	315
Soybean meal	160	160	160	160	160
Urea/AS¹ 1 9 parts urea and 1 part ammonium sulfate (AS).	2.0	7.0	7.5	8.5	9.5
Calcitic limestone	15.0	0	0	0	0
Salt	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.0
Mineral	10	10	10	10	10
Chemical Composition (g/kg dry matter)
Dry matter	883	255	268	283	300
Organic matter	923	925	927	929	931
Crude protein	171	166	166	167	168
Neutral detergent fiber² 2 Corrected for ash and protein.	404	236	240	244	247
Non-fiber carbohydrates	326	498	496	493	490

								P Value
Item	Control	OEM levels (%)						Contrasts^* * I - control diet versus 35% Miúda (MIU) spineless cactus diet; II - control diet versus 35% Orelha de Elefante Mexicana (OEM) spineless cactus diet; and III - 35% MIU diet versus 35% OEM diet. ANOVA, analysis of variance; DM, dry matter; FCM, fat-corrected milk yield; SEM, standard error of the mean.
Item	Control	0	11.5	23.5	35	SEM	ANOVA	I	II	III	Linear	Quadratic
DM Intake (kg/d)	2.06	2.56	2.44	2.59	2.60	0.58	0.77	-	-	-	0.740	0.602
Milk (kg/d)	2.93	3.22	3.28	3.26	3.39	0.75	0.645	-	-	-	0.986	0.959
3.5% FCM (kg/d)	2.60	2.82	2.77	2.81	2.80	0.79	0.591	-	-	-	0.987	0.933
Fat (g/100 g)	2.80	2.73	2.53	2.63	2.41	0.46	0.145	-	-	-	0.183	0.804

	Control	OEM levels (%)
	Control	0	11.5	23.5	35
Cost of diet ($ per kg dry matter)	0.44	0.34	0.34	0.33	0.32
Daily feed cost ($ per goat)	0.92	0.89	0.84	0.83	0.80
Price of milk ($ per kg)	0.77	0.77	0.77	0.77	0.77
Total revenue ($ per day)	2.00	2.17	2.13	2.16	2.16
Additional revenue ($ per day)	-	0.17	0.13	0.16	0.15
Additional costs ($ per day)	-	−0.03	−0.08	−0.09	−0.12
Additional profit ($ per day)	-	0.20	0.21	0.25	0.27
Feeding cost per kg milk produced ($)	0.35	0.33	0.30	0.30	0.29

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[1] *Corresponding author