GAS EXCHANGE, CHLOROPLAST PIGMENTS AND GROWTH OF PASSION FRUIT CULTIVATED WITH SALINE WATER AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION
 
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LIMA, GEOVANI SOARES DE; FERNANDES, COSMO GUSTAVO JACOME; SOARES, LAURIANE ALMEIDA DOS ANJOS; GHEYI, HANS RAJ; FERNANDES, PEDRO DANTAS

doi:10.1590/1983-21252020v33n120rc

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Agricultural Engineering • Rev. Caatinga 33 (1) • Jan-Mar 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252020v33n120rc copy

GAS EXCHANGE, CHLOROPLAST PIGMENTS AND GROWTH OF PASSION FRUIT CULTIVATED WITH SALINE WATER AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION ¹

TROCAS GASOSAS, PIGMENTOS CLOROPLASTÍDICOS E CRESCIMENTO DO MARACUJAZEIRO CULTIVADO COM ÁGUAS SALINAS E ADUBAÇÃO POTÁSSICA

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to evaluate the gas exchange, chloroplast pigments and growth of ‘BRS Rubi do Cerrado’ passion fruit as a function of irrigation with saline water and potassium fertilization in the seedling formation stage. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions in the municipality of Pombal-PB, Brazil. A randomized block design was used in 5 x 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to five levels of water electrical conductivity - ECw (0.3, 1.1, 1.9, 2.7 and 3.5 dS m^-1) and two doses of potassium - KD (50 and 100% of the recommendation), with four replicates and two plants per plot. Water salinity from 0.3 dS m^-1 reduced the stomatal opening, transpiration, CO₂ assimilation and inhibited the growth of ‘BRS Rubi do Cerrado’ passion fruit plants, at 40 days after sowing. There was no CO₂ restriction in the substomatal cavity of passion fruit plants grown under water salinity from 0.3 dS m^-1. Potassium dose of 150 mg kg^-1 of soil, corresponding to 100%, intensified the effect of salt stress on the assimilation rate and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency in 'BRS Rubi do Cerrado' passion fruit. There was interaction between water salinity levels and potassium doses for the chlorophyll a and b contents of 'BRS Rubi do Cerrado' passion fruit.

Keywords:
Salt stress; Potassium; Osmoregulation

Source of variation	DF	Mean squares
Source of variation	DF	gs	E	Ci	A	CEi	WUEi
Saline levels (SL)	4	0.01**	1.81**	3406.72*	16.15**	0.0003**	27.51^ns
Linear regression	1	0.04**	6.77**	10245.32*	56.40**	0.001**	74.21^ns
Quadratic regression	1	0.002*	0.11^ns	1933.35^ns	7.48*	0.0001*	4.92^ns
K dose (KD)	1	0.0007^ns	0.02^ns	810.00^ns	11.62*	0.0001*	32.88^ns
Interaction (SL x KD)	4	0.0005^ns	0.24^ns	2017.89^ns	2.53^ns	0.0005^ns	15.09^ns
Blocks	3	0.0004^ns	0.12^ns	617.80^ns	0.22^ns	0.00007^ns	66.51^ns
Residual	27	0.0008	0.19	1077.35	1.23	0.00001	29.24
CV (%)		32.80	34.31	10.70	22.80	22.53	14.31

Source of variation	DF	Mean squares
Source of variation	DF	Chl a	Chl b	Car	PH	SD	LA
Saline levels (SL)	4	142.46**	14.32**	10.10**	1008.55	2.14**	55787.82**
Linear regression	1	546.02**	53.08**	40.15**	3413.10**	8.52**	206033.63**
Quadratic regression	1	6.05^ns	2.56^ns	0.11^ns	562.95*	0.002^ns	12898.18^ns
K dose (KD)	1	28.56*	0.91^ns	0.02^ns	0.61^ns	0.16^ns	12304.41^ns
Interaction (SL x KD)	4	35.59*	4.49*	1.60^ns	47.51^ns	0.03^ns	26092.66^ns
Blocks	3	10.21^ns	0.11^ns	0.60^ns	159.65^ns	0.24^ns	68644.12^ns
Residual	27	4.18	0.83	0.66	61.84	0.20	19879.39
CV (%)		18.21	25.40	20.40	26.56	13.06	28.69

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Chemical characteristics
pH H₂O)	OM	P	K⁺	Na⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Al³⁺	H⁺
(1:2.5)	(g kg^-1)	(mg kg^-1)	...............................................cmol_c kg^-1 .......................................
5.58	2.93	39.2	0.23	1.64	9.07	2.78	0.0	8.61
.......... Chemical characteristics............				........................... Physical characteristics...........................
EC_se	CEC	SAR	ESP	Size fraction (g kg^-1)			Water content (dag kg^-1)
(dS m^-1)	(cmol_c kg^-1)	(mmol L^-1)^0.5	%	Sand	Silt	Clay	33.42 kPa¹	1519.5 kPa²
2.15	22.33	0.67	7.34	572.7	100.7	326.6	25.91	12.96

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GAS EXCHANGE, CHLOROPLAST PIGMENTS AND GROWTH OF PASSION FRUIT CULTIVATED WITH SALINE WATER AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION 1

TROCAS GASOSAS, PIGMENTOS CLOROPLASTÍDICOS E CRESCIMENTO DO MARACUJAZEIRO CULTIVADO COM ÁGUAS SALINAS E ADUBAÇÃO POTÁSSICA

ABSTRACT

GAS EXCHANGE, CHLOROPLAST PIGMENTS AND GROWTH OF PASSION FRUIT CULTIVATED WITH SALINE WATER AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION ¹