GYPSUM AND POTASSIUM DOSES ON CAULIFLOWER NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND PRODUCTION

CHARLO, HAMILTON CÉSAR DE OLIVEIRA; ALMEIDA, JULIANO DA SILVA MARTINS DE; MOREIRA, ÉDIMO FERNANDO ALVES; CASTOLDI, RENATA; LUZ, JOSÉ MAGNO QUEIROZ; LEMES, ERNANE MIRANDA

doi:10.1590/1983-21252021v34n213rc

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Agronomy • Rev. Caatinga 34 (2) • Apr-Jun 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252021v34n213rc copy

GYPSUM AND POTASSIUM DOSES ON CAULIFLOWER NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND PRODUCTION

DOSES DE GESSO E POTÁSSIO NO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL E PRODUÇÃO DE COUVE-FLOR

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Gypsum is widely used in agriculture to supply nutrients to the soil-plant system. However, the excessive use of gypsum may lead to a reduction of cationic soil nutrients such as potassium in the most superficial soil layer. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using gypsum and potassium for cauliflower crop nutritional status and commercial production. The experiment was conducted in 5×5 factorial scheme, corresponding to five K doses (0, 100, 180, 240, 360 kg ha⁻¹ of K₂O) and five gypsum doses (0, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 kg ha⁻¹) in dystrophic Red Latosol. Leaf N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn contents, commercial head mass, diameter and height and peduncle diameter were evaluated. The application of 360 kg ha⁻¹ of K₂O resulted in 29.69% more K in cauliflower leaf and 18.94% more commercial head mass compared to the non-application of K. The application of 4000 kg ha⁻¹ of gypsum resulted in reductions of leaf S and Mn and increase in leaf Cu. Based on the results observed, 4000 kg ha⁻¹ of gypsum and 360 kg ha⁻¹ K₂O could be required for high cauliflower production.

Keywords:
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis; Calcium sulfate dihydrate; Potassium chloride; Plant nutrition

G (kg ha⁻¹)	N	P	K	Ca	Mg	S
G (kg ha⁻¹)	g kg⁻¹
0	34.45	2.68	26.83	6.84	1.34	2.45
500	34.88	2.69	27.07	6.8	1.23	2.65
1000	35.10	2.86	27.28	7.01	1.21	2.79
2000	34.08	2.74	26.06	7.35	1.12	2.42
4000	34.09	2.97	27.36	7.64	1.17	2.22
K₂O (kg ha⁻¹)
0	35.18	2.56	22.77	7.52	1.21	2.65
100	34.55	2.85	25.53	7.45	1.27	2.44
180	34.33	2.94	27.21	7.21	1.23	2.52
240	33.97	2.84	29.46	7.02	1.22	2.36
360	34.58	2.74	29.62	6.43	1.14	2.57
Average	34.52	2.79	26.92	7.13	1.21	2.51
FG	0.85^ns	1.84^ns	0.21^ns	1.48^ns	6.48^ns	2 95***
FK	0.16^ns	2.52^ns	7.26***	2.18^ns	2.36^ns	0.82^ns
FG×K	1.06^ns	1.01^ns	0.86^ns	1.29^ns	1.61^ns	1.07^ns
C.V. (%)	5.62	12.73	14.69	16.05	10.17	19.68

G (kg ha⁻¹)	B	Cu	Fe	Mn	Zn
G (kg ha⁻¹)	mg kg⁻¹
0	17.99	4.10	80.13	97.59	35.21
500	19.18	3.95	92.40	91.30	34.37
1000	20.52	3.71	92.88	85.62	33.09
2000	16.70	3.98	112.27	81.35	31.66
4000	18.24	4.64	85.48	78.10	31.66
K₂O (kg ha⁻¹)
0	16.12	4.23	93.77	99.76	33.60
100	19.07	3.91	87.56	77.79	31.50
180	18.91	3.95	92.08	79.98	33.78
240	19.71	4.05	84.97	91.4	32.87
360	18.82	4.24	104.78	85.02	34.24
Average	18.53	4.08	92.63	86.79	33.2
FG	0.78^ns	319***	1.17^ns	3.31***	0.93^ns
FK	0.75^ns	0.63^ns	0.46^ns	2.74^ns	0.43^ns
FG×K	1.12^ns	0.45^ns	1.25^ns	0.57^ns	1.06^ns
C.V. (%)	33.55	18.31	47.16	25.59	19.20

G (kg ha⁻¹)	CHM	HD	PD	HH
G (kg ha⁻¹)	kg	cm
0	0.580	17.10	2.67	12.40
500	0.575	17.21	2.68	12.10
1000	0.604	17.46	2.70	12.25
2000	0.595	17.47	2.75	12.61
4000	0.609	17.54	2.79	12.78
K₂O (kg ha⁻¹)
0	0.516	16.80	2.52	11.79
100	0.612	17.62	2.75	12.93
180	0.595	17.29	2.74	12.54
240	0.605	17.48	2.78	12.35
360	0.636	17.60	2.81	12.53
Average	0.593	17.36	2.72	12.43
FG	0.50^ns	0.48^ns	1.88^ns	1.52^ns
FK	4.65**	1.58**	0.58^ns	0.72^ns
FG×K	0.63^ns	0.47^ns	10.35**	3.60**
C.V. (%)	13.79	5.99	5.19	6.86

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