PHENOLOGICAL, PLANT ARCHITECTURE, AND GRAIN YIELD TRAITS ON COMMON BEAN LINES SELECTION

RIBEIRO, NERINÉIA DALFOLLO; SANTOS, GUILHERME GODOY DOS; MAZIERO, SANDRA MARIA; STECKLING, SKARLET DE MARCO

doi:10.1590/1983-21252018v31n314rc

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Agronomia • Rev. Caatinga 31 (3) • Jul-Sep 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252018v31n314rc copy

PHENOLOGICAL, PLANT ARCHITECTURE, AND GRAIN YIELD TRAITS ON COMMON BEAN LINES SELECTION¹ 1 Paper extracted from the master dissertation of the second author.

CARACTERES FENOLÓGICOS, DA ARQUITETURA DE PLANTA E DA PRODUTIVIDADE NA SELEÇÃO DE LINHAGENS DE FEIJÃO

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The development of common bean cultivars with early cycle, upright plant architecture, and high grain yield represents marketing advantages to bean farmers. This study aimed to evaluate whether common bean inbred lines differ for phenological, plant architecture, and grain yield traits; analyze the correlations between these traits; and select early and upright common bean lines with high grain yield. To this end, 14 common bean inbred lines were evaluated in two growing seasons in Santa Maria - RS, Brazil. Common bean inbred lines showed significant differences for all traits, except for insertion of the first pod and length of the fourth and fifth internodes. The four superior common bean lines selected by the multiplicative index were CNFP 10794, CNFC 10762, DF 06-09, and BRS Valente. CNFP 10794 presents earliness (flowering and cycle), upright plant architecture (lower values of general adaptation score, lodging, and stay-green phenotype) and high grain yield (higher values of number of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, mass of 100 grains, and grain yield). Mass of 100 grains showed a positive correlation with grain yield (r= 0.68). The indirect selection using mass of 100 grains is of intermediate efficiency to increase grain yield in common bean. CNFP 10794 presents earliness, upright plant architecture, and high grain yield and will be selected for the breeding program.

Keywords:
Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Combined selection; Indirect selection; Pearson’s correlation.

Variable	Rainy	season	2012		Dry	season	2013
	Nov	Dec	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun
Minimum temperature (°C)	17.5	19.9	18.2	19.1	16.4	14.4	11.0	9.5
Maximum temperature (°C)	30.4	31.1	30.3	29.9	26.6	26.4	21.4	18.9
Rainfall (mm)	72.8	293.0	145.3	97.7	188.6	147.4	71.6	81.6
Relative humidity (%)	70.5	77.8	75.8	80.9	83.8	83.5	87.2	89.7

Line	FLO (days)				RP (days)				CYCLE (days)				GAS		LDG				SG
	RS		DS		RS		DS		RS		DS				RS		DS		RS		DS
BRS Valente	32.33	a	50.00	a	37.67	a	60.33	b	84.00	b	110.33	b	5.83	b	3.33	b	6.00	b	3.67	a	3.33	b
Carioca	33.00	a	47.00	b	36.33	a	60.00	b	79.80	b	107.00	b	7.83	a	8.00	a	8.67	a	4.67	a	4.00	a
CHC 98-42	33.33	a	45.00	c	37.00	a	65.33	a	84.40	b	110.33	b	7.00	a	6.33	a	6.67	b	4.00	a	4.00	a
CHP 01-238	31.00	b	42.33	c	36.67	a	59.33	b	81.20	b	101.67	c	6.50	b	2.33	c	8.00	a	3.67	a	4.33	a
CNFC 10762	34.33	a	48.67	a	37.00	a	65.67	a	82.33	b	114.33	a	7.67	a	4.33	b	8.00	a	4.00	a	4.33	a
CNFP 10794	29.67	b	43.33	c	38.33	a	67.00	a	78.20	b	110.33	b	6.67	b	1.67	c	7.67	a	4.33	a	3.67	b
DF 06-09	33.67	a	44.67	c	33.67	a	61.00	b	80.80	b	105.67	b	7.67	a	2.67	c	8.00	a	4.00	a	4.67	a
DF 06-17	31.00	b	42.00	c	36.33	a	51.00	c	80.80	b	93.00	d	6.33	b	6.33	a	8.33	a	4.33	a	3.33	b
GEN C4-7-7-2-2	33.67	a	45.67	b	39.67	a	70.00	a	91.40	a	115.67	a	6.17	b	5.67	a	8.33	a	2.33	a	4.67	a
GEN C4-7-8-1-2	35.00	a	46.67	b	40.33	a	70.67	a	90.40	a	117.33	a	8.00	a	7.00	a	8.33	a	5.00	a	4.00	a
Guapo Brilhante	28.67	b	42.67	c	36.67	a	58.33	b	80.00	b	101.00	c	6.33	b	6.33	a	6.67	b	3.33	a	3.67	b
Pérola	33.33	a	48.67	a	35.00	a	65.67	a	82.00	b	114.33	a	7.00	a	7.33	a	8.67	a	3.67	a	4.67	a
LP 09-40	33.00	a	42.00	c	38.33	a	66.00	a	85.60	b	108.00	b	6.00	b	7.33	a	7.33	b	4.00	a	4.67	a
LP 09-192	33.67	a	43.33	c	37.33	a	65.67	a	85.20	b	109.00	b	7.00	a	2.33	c	6.67	b	4.33	a	2.67	b
Mean	32.55		45.14		37.17		63.29		83.30		108.43		6.86		5.07		7.67		3.95		4.00
CV (%)	4.44				7.34				4.00				14.31		14.77				16.72
	IFP		ILP		PH		NB				NIMP		1IL (cm)				2IL(cm)		3IL (cm)		4IL (cm)
	(cm)		(cm)		(cm)		RS		DS				RS		DS
BRS Valente	21.77	ns	40.73	b	51.45	b	7.47	b	10.70	b	10.92	a	5.23	a	4.29	a	6.96	a	8.56	a	10.65	ns
Carioca	20.73		46.50	a	50.19	b	6.33	b	6.67	c	10.10	b	4.40	b	4.02	a	6.34	b	7.97	b	10.63
CHC 98-42	23.67		53.29	a	68.08	a	8.43	a	7.44	c	11.04	a	4.60	b	3.91	a	6.56	a	8.20	a	10.22
CHP 01-238	19.57		40.55	b	54.66	b	7.10	b	7.36	c	10.68	a	5.20	a	3.54	a	6.89	a	8.53	a	10.73
CNFC 10762	20.62		37.18	b	52.63	b	6.97	b	11.20	a	9.73	b	4.23	b	3.04	a	5.88	b	7.70	b	9.93
CNFP 10794	22.89		45.22	a	62.08	a	7.30	b	12.40	a	10.57	a	3.33	c	3.69	a	7.03	a	8.70	a	10.83
DF 06-09	20.41		36.22	b	48.78	b	7.87	a	9.53	b	11.78	a	4.87	a	4.13	a	6.19	b	7.64	b	9.53
DF 06-17	23.15		41.05	b	51.20	b	5.90	b	6.53	c	8.03	c	5.03	a	5.03	a	7.53	a	9.35	a	11.97
GEN C4-7-7-2-2	23.12		43.17	a	64.52	a	6.67	b	6.92	c	11.19	a	4.47	b	3.40	a	5.50	b	7.04	b	9.19
GEN C4-7-8-1-2	24.34		45.83	a	60.47	a	8.03	a	6.73	c	10.93	a	4.33	b	3.84	a	6.27	b	7.93	b	9.78
Guapo Brilhante	20.11		36.85	b	46.37	b	9.47	a	7.49	c	10.70	a	5.70	a	3.83	a	6.99	a	8.81	a	11.08
Pérola	22.70		46.58	a	61.52	a	6.77	b	8.05	c	9.79	b	5.33	a	4.23	a	7.20	a	8.81	a	11.19
LP 09-40	21.70		45.20	a	63.20	a	7.47	b	7.47	c	11.15	a	4.27	b	3.47	a	5.87	b	7.22	b	9.38
LP 09-192	24.71		45.46	a	57.81	a	6.10	b	7.34	c	10.78	a	3.40	c	4.23	a	6.70	a	8.51	a	10.58
Mean	22.11		43.13		56.64		7.28		8.27		10.53		4.60		3.90		6.57		8.21		10.41
CV (%)	22.83		17.86		18.35		11.59				8.44		14.44				12.22		11.94		14.57
	5IL(cm)		NPP				NG				NGP				M100G (g)				YLD (kg ha-1)
			RS		DS		RS		DS		RS		DS		RS		DS		RS		DS
BRS Valente	13.57	ns	8.67	c	16.77	a	28.03	c	93.50	a	3.25	c	5.57	a	16.83	b	11.50	c	1081.37	c	1278.62	d
Carioca	13.80		7.77	c	12.61	c	29.00	c	68.80	b	3.73	b	5.72	a	18.97	a	19.97	b	1042.41	c	1149.91	d
CHC 98-42	13.45		8.43	c	14.85	b	26.83	c	61.78	c	3.19	c	4.14	b	20.17	a	18.60	b	1501.13	a	1603.13	b
CHP 01-238	13.69		8.13	c	12.68	c	23.77	c	61.20	c	2.92	c	4.79	b	18.00	b	17.80	b	1085.37	c	1510.06	c
CNFC 10762	13.21		4.80	d	14.55	b	20.77	c	68.60	b	4.54	a	4.71	b	17.43	b	23.57	a	1348.14	b	1965.72	a
CNFP 10794	13.72		16.00	a	16.61	a	56.37	a	74.20	b	3.53	b	4.47	b	23.97	a	26.83	a	1677.41	a	1899.82	a
DF 06-09	12.05		7.93	c	12.74	c	19.13	c	55.92	c	2.39	c	4.38	b	16.57	b	24.33	a	1617.49	a	1545.46	c
DF 06-17	15.85		8.43	c	11.23	d	29.20	c	48.03	c	3.47	b	4.33	b	18.43	b	20.83	b	1510.74	a	1715.38	b
GEN C4-7-7-2-2	12.69		5.80	d	10.92	d	19.00	c	43.32	c	3.24	c	3.98	b	16.03	b	12.13	c	952.30	c	1488.59	c
GEN C4-7-8-1-2	12.31		11.73	b	9.85	d	31.40	c	50.32	c	2.71	c	5.07	a	21.97	a	21.60	b	1349.04	b	1619.06	b
Guapo Brilhante	13.81		13.43	b	11.13	d	39.40	b	52.12	c	2.91	c	4.70	b	15.87	b	15.47	c	1533.76	a	1279.43	d
Pérola	14.73		7.43	c	18.27	a	22.27	c	78.73	b	3.00	c	4.29	b	19.30	a	18.33	b	1551.41	a	1540.06	c
LP 09-40	12.40		9.80	c	13.67	c	29.50	c	58.20	c	3.03	c	4.27	b	19.73	a	19.43	b	1727.17	a	1786.63	a
LP 09-192	13.81		6.97	c	16.38	a	21.03	c	68.14	b	3.03	c	4.16	b	20.33	a	13.20	c	1543.26	a	1399.81	c
Mean	13.51		8.95		13.73		28.26		63.06		3.21		4.61		18.83		18.83		1394.36		1555.83
CV (%)	22.50		12.28				18.00				13.97				13.33				7.93

	RP		CYCLE		GAS		LDG	SG		ILP	PH		NB		NIMP
FLO	0.39		0.70	^**	0.59	^*	0.22	0.23		0.15	0.13		0.05		0.11
RP			0.90	^**	-0.20		0.04	-0.24		0.42	0.72	^**	0.13		0.50
CYCLE					0.07		0.14	-0.14		0.35	0.61	^*	0.03		0.46
GAS							0.47	0.66	^*	-0.13	-0.26		-0.14		-0.27
LDG								0.54	^*	0.03	0.13		-0.55	^*	-0.35
SG										-0.10	-0.25		-0.12		-0.27
ILP											0.78	^**	-0.31		0.06
PH													-0.10		0.24
BN															0.33
	1IL		2IL		3IL		NPP	NG		NGP		M100G			YLD
FLO	-0.10		-0.39		-0.38		-0.26	0.01		0.35		-0.11			-0.27
RP	-0.72	^**	-0.60	^*	-0.58	^*	0.10	0.00		-0.11		0.13			0.11
CYCLE	-0.48		-0.63	^*	-0.62	^*	-0.13	-0.13		-0.06		-0.11			-0.10
GAS	0.18		-0.24		-0.19		-0.51	-0.33		0.27		0.03			-0.15
LDG	0.22		-0.17		-0.18		-0.38	-0.36		0.10		0.06			-0.09
SG	0.06		-0.22		-0.20		-0.30	-0.28		0.14		0.30			0.34
ILP	-0.23		0.01		-0.02		0.24	0.15		-0.11		0.20			0.04
PH	-0.46		-0.27		-0.31		0.18	-0.02		-0.38		0.19			0.30
BN	-0.23		0.02		0.01		0.59^*	0.60	^*	0.17		0.30			0.35
NIMP	-0.34		-0.53	^*	-0.59	^*	0.10	-0.04		-0.37		-0.16			-0.14
1IL			0.60	^*	0.55	^*	-0.12	-0.09		-0.12		-0.40			-0.30
2IL					0.98	^**	0.51	0.47		-0.01		0.08			0.07
3IL							0.45	0.44		0.06		0.07			0.06
NPP								0.86	^**	-0.03		0.40			0.39
NG										0.43		0.28			0.10
NGP												0.08			-0.33
M100G															0.68^**

Character*	Xo	Xs	h²	GG	GGS%		Selected	lines
						CNFP 10794	CNFC 10762	DF 06-09	BRS Valente
FLO	38.85	39.58	87.38	0.64	1.66	36.50	41.50	39.17	41.17
RP	50.23	50.08	77.70	-0.11	-0.22	52.67	51.33	47.33	49.00
CYCLE	95.86	95.75	88.90	-0.10	-0.10	94.27	98.33	93.23	97.17
GAS	6.86	6.96	68.42	0.07	1.01	5.83	8.00	7.67	6.33
LDG	6.37	5.21	91.42	-1.06	-16.66	4.67	6.17	5.33	4.67
SG	3.98	3.96	42.23	-0.01	-0.19	3.50	4.50	4.33	3.50
IPH	22.11	21.42	12.38	-0.08	-0.38	22.89	20.62	20.41	21.77
IPH	43.13	39.84	55.21	-1.82	-4.21	45.22	37.18	36.22	40.73
PH	56.64	53.74	60.39	-1.75	-3.10	62.08	52.63	48.78	51.45
NB	7.78	9.18	88.95	1.25	16.06	9.85	9.08	8.70	9.08
NIMP	10.53	10.75	83.99	0.19	1.77	10.57	9.73	11.78	10.92
1IL	4.25	4.10	71.71	-0.11	-2.53	3.51	3.64	4.50	4.76
2IL	6.56	6.52	68.22	-0.03	-0.51	7.03	5.88	6.19	6.96
3IL	8.21	8.15	63.15	-0.04	-0.47	8.70	7.70	7.64	8.56
4IL	10.41	10.23	36.92	-0.06	-0.61	10.83	9.93	9.53	10.65
5IL	13.50	13.13	13.75	-0.05	-0.38	13.72	13.21	12.05	13.57
NPP	11.34	12.26	91.15	0.83	7.36	16.30	9.67	10.34	12.72
NG	45.66	52.07	85.55	5.48	11.99	65.28	44.68	37.53	60.77
NGP	3.91	4.11	69.36	0.13	3.44	4.00	4.63	3.39	4.41
M100G	18.83	20.13	88.49	1.15	6.11	25.40	20.50	20.45	14.17
YLD	1475.10	1551.75	94.93	72.77	4.93	1788.61	1656.93	1581.47	1179.99
Gain				77.28	24.97

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PHENOLOGICAL, PLANT ARCHITECTURE, AND GRAIN YIELD TRAITS ON COMMON BEAN LINES SELECTION1 1 Paper extracted from the master dissertation of the second author.

CARACTERES FENOLÓGICOS, DA ARQUITETURA DE PLANTA E DA PRODUTIVIDADE NA SELEÇÃO DE LINHAGENS DE FEIJÃO

ABSTRACT

PHENOLOGICAL, PLANT ARCHITECTURE, AND GRAIN YIELD TRAITS ON COMMON BEAN LINES SELECTION¹ 1 Paper extracted from the master dissertation of the second author.