PERFORMANCE OF SOYBEANS WITH THE APPLICATION OF GLYPHOSATE FORMULATIONS IN BIOSTIMULANT ASSOCIATION

ANDRADE, CHRISTIANO LIMA LOBO DE; SILVA, ALESSANDRO GUERRA DA; BRAZ, GUILHERME BRAGA PEREIRA; OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR, RUBEM SILVÉRIO DE; SIMON, GUSTAVO ANDRÉ

doi:10.1590/1983-21252020v33n210rc

Brasil

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Agronomy • Rev. Caatinga 33 (2) • Apr-Jun 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252020v33n210rc linkcopy

PERFORMANCE OF SOYBEANS WITH THE APPLICATION OF GLYPHOSATE FORMULATIONS IN BIOSTIMULANT ASSOCIATION

DESEMPENHO DA SOJA SUBMETIDA A APLICAÇÃO DE FORMULAÇÕES DE GLYPHOSATE EM ASSOCIAÇÃO COM BIOESTIMULANTE

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Glyphosate is the main herbicide used in the Roundup Ready^® (RR^®) soybean crop. However, the different salt and herbicide formulations available on the market can lead to crop intoxication. In this scenario, biostimulants appear as a promising alternative to mitigate the possible phytotoxic effects of glyphosate. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of different MC Extra^® biostimulant doses associated with glyphosate formulations on the agronomic characteristics of a herbicide-tolerant soybean cultivar. Two experiments were conducted in the 2015/16 and 2016/17 seasons with three doses of MC Extra^® (0.35, 0.70, and 1.00 kg ha^-1) associated with six formulations of glyphosate: Glyphotal^®, Roundup Original^®, Roundup Ready^®, Roundup WG^®, Roundup Transorb^®, and Zapp QI^®, plus additional treatment without the use of the herbicide. In both experiments, we used 900 g e.a. ha^-1 of glyphosate. The results showed that the highest dose of MC Extra^®, in combination with the Roundup Original^®, Roundup Ready^®, and Roundup Transorb^® formulations and 0,70 kg ha^-1 of MC Extra^® with Glyphotal^® provided the highest grain yields. When used in conjunction with the herbicide, there is a need to increase the dose of MC Extra^® to obtain higher soybean yields.

Keywords: Algae extract; Ascophyllum nodosum; Glycine max; Herbicides; Productivity

Source of variation	DG	PROD	PMG	NGP	POP	AP	AIV	V
2015/16 Harvest
Blocks (B)	3	ns	ns	ns	ns	**	*	*
Doses (D)	2	**	ns	**	ns	ns	**	ns
Formulations (F)	6	ns	ns	ns	ns	**	**	**
D x F	12	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
Factorial x Witness	1	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
CV (%)	-	5.6	4.8	8.7	7.2	6.1	17.9	13.3
2016/17 Harvest
Blocks (B)	3	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	*
Doses (D)	3	ns	ns	ns	*	*	ns	ns
Formulations (F)	6	ns	ns	ns	*	ns	ns	ns
D x F	18	**	*	ns	ns	**	ns	ns
CV (%)	-	6.5	2.7	12.5	9.6	4.7	7.0	21.0

Glyphosate formulations	--- Doses MC Extra^® (kg ha^-1) ---				Means
Glyphosate formulations	0.00	.35	0.70	1.00	Means
	--- PROD (kg ha^-1) ---
	2015/16 Harvest
Roundup Original^®	--	4239	3927	4210	4169
Roundup Ready^®	--	4354	4179	4288	4281
Glyphotal^®	--	4167	4073	4114	4164
Roundup Transorb^®	--	4157	3886	3939	4071
Roundup WG^®	--	4117	4151	4235	4201
Zapp QI^®	--	4288	4179	4235	4251
Non glyphosate treated	--	4260	4145	4419	4281
Witness			4301
Means	--	4226	4077	4206	4203
	2016/17 Harvest
Roundup Original^®	4428 a	4657 a	4860 a	5124 a	4767
Roundup Ready^®	4666 a	4288 a	4647 a	4819 a	4605
Glyphotal^®	4674 a	4789 a	5107 a	4870 a	4860
Roundup Transorb^®	5039 a	4739 a	4456 a	5111 a	4836
Roundup WG^®	4768 a	4781 a	4711 a	4416 b	4669
Zapp QI^®	4852 a	4679 a	4454 a	4802 a	4697
Non glyphosate treated	4747 a	4933 a	4755 a	4618 b	4763
Means	4739	4695	4713	4823	4742
	--- PMG (g) ---
	2015/16 Harvest
Roundup Original^®	---	188	186	192	189
Roundup Ready^®	---	190	190	191	190
Glyphotal^®	---	183	192	188	188
Roundup Transorb^®	---	187	184	190	188
Roundup WG^®	---	186	189	198	191
Zapp QI^®	---	188	189	189	189
Non glyphosate treated	---	190	203	190	193
Witness			191
Means	---	188	190	191	190
	2016/17 Harvest
Roundup Original^®	197 a	195 a	203a	200 a	198
Roundup Ready^®	195 a	198 a	197 a	196 b	196
Glyphotal^®	197 a	188 a	199 a	203 a	197
Roundup Transorb^®	201 a	192 a	192 a	200 a	196
Roundup WG^®	197 a	193 a	198 a	193 b	195
Zapp QI^®	197 a	198 a	194 a	191 b	195
Non glyphosate treated	201 a	199 a	195 a	196 b	198
Means	198	195	197	197	197

Glyphosate formulations	--- Doses MC Extra^® (kg ha^-1) ---				Means
Glyphosate formulations	0.00	0.35	0.70	1.00	Means
--- NGP ---
2015/16 Harvest
Roundup Original^®	--	63.3	59.4	63.1	62.8
Roundup Ready^®	--	61.5	61.9	60.1	62.3
Glyphotal^®	--	63.2	60.0	62.7	62.9
Roundup Transorb^®	--	62.4	58.1	56.9	60.7
Roundup WG^®	--	61.7	61.4	59.6	62.0
Zapp QI^®	--	63.7	62.9	62.6	63.6
Non glyphosate treated	--	64.9	54.4	63.8	62.2
Witness			65.4
Means		63.0	59.7	61.2	62.3
2016/17 Harvest
Roundup Original^®	101.7	107.0	106.3	104.3	104.6
Roundup Ready^®	108.0	108.6	117.5	99.8	108.5
Glyphotal^®	110.7	113.7	115.0	98.1	109.4
Roundup Transorb^®	105.8	97.2	107.5	111.9	105.6
Roundup WG^®	101.4	116.1	92.5	93.3	100.8
Zapp QI^®	111.0	93.3	92.9	102.1	101.9
Non glyphosate treated	102.0	109.9	110.2	103.9	109.3
Means	107.3	107.3	106.0	101.9	105.6
--- POP (plants ha^-1) ---
2015/16 Harvest
Roundup Original^®	---	356875	356250	348750	351718
Roundup Ready^®	---	373750	356875	373125	362187
Glyphotal^®	---	360000	352500	353750	352812
Roundup Transorb^®	---	356250	363125	363125	356875
Roundup WG^®	---	359375	358125	366875	357343
Zapp QI^®	---	358125	351250	358750	353281
Non glyphosate treated	---	347500	386875	366250	361406
Witness			345000
Means	-	358839	360714	361517	356517
2016/17 Harvest
Roundup Original^®	223750	223750	228125	246875	230625 b
Roundup Ready^®	222500	201875	206875	246875	219531 b
Glyphotal^®	218750	225625	225625	245625	228906 b
Roundup Transorb^®	236875	254375	221250	235625	237031 a
Roundup WG^®	239375	218750	256875	246250	240312 a
Zapp QI^®	221875	241250	247500	248125	239687 a
Non glyphosate treated	208750	226250	224375	227500	221718 b
Means	224554	227411	230089	242411	231116

Glyphosate formulations	--- Doses MC Extra^® (kg ha^-1) ---				Means
Glyphosate formulations	0.00	0.35	0.70	1.00	Means
--- AP (cm) ---
2015/16 Harvest
Roundup Original^®	---	83.4	84.7	82.3	83.7 a
Roundup Ready^®	---	82.1	82.8	84.3	83.1 a
Glyphotal^®	---	76.5	77.9	75.7	78.4 b
Roundup Transorb^®	---	76.2	76.1	73.9	77.4 b
Roundup WG^®	---	82.6	80.6	82.9	82.4 a
Zapp QI^®	---	83.9	85.6	84.5	84.4 a
Non glyphosate treated	---	83.1	82.6	83.8	83.3 a
Witness			83.4
Means	---	81.2	81.5	81.1	81.8
2016/17 Harvest
Roundup Original^®	73.4 a	75.5 a	76.5 a	72.4 b
Roundup Ready^®	71.0 a	66.5 b	74.6 a	73.1 b	70.9
Glyphotal^®	70.8 a	70.4 a	69.1 a	73.2 b	71.0
Roundup Transorb^®	73.1 a	72.6 a	73.2 a	70.6 b	72.4
Roundup WG^®	71.6 a	72.5 a	71.5 a	72.7 b	72.0
Zapp QI^®	71.1 a	66.8 b	75.3 a	77.9 a	73.0
Non glyphosate treated	74.4 a	74.1 a	74.2 a	70.1 b	73.2
Means	72.2	70.7	72.3	72.9	72.3
--- AIV (cm)---
2015/16 Harvest
Roundup Original^®	---	16.7	14.5	15.7	15.2 b
Roundup Ready^®	---	17.9	17.2	16.2	15.3 a
Glyphotal^®	---	14.9	15.4	15.8	15.0 b
Roundup Transorb^®	---	15.6	13.4	13.7	14.2 b
Roundup WG^®	---	16.2	15.2	15.4	15.2 b
Zapp QI^®	---	15.8	17.8	22.2*	17.5 a
Non glyphosate treated	---	14.7	15.4	14.5	14.6 b
Witness			13.9
Means	---	16.0	15.6	16.2	15.4
2016/17 Harvest
Roundup Original^®	11.2	11.9	11.1	12.1	11.6
Roundup Ready^®	12.4	10.9	11.0	11.2	11.3
Glyphotal^®	11.2	10.7	11.4	12.1	11.4
Roundup Transorb^®	11.6	11.0	10.8	11.2	11.1
Roundup WG^®	11.4	10.6	11.1	11.4	11.1
Zapp QI^®	11.8	11.7	10.8	10.9	11.3
Non glyphosate treated	12.0	11.5	11.9	11.8	11.8
Means	11.6	11.2	11.1	11.5	11.4

Characteristic	AIV	POP	NGP	PMG	PROD
--- 2015/16 Harvest ---
AP	0.09	-0.06	0.07	0.08	0.14
AIV		0.02	0.01	-0.15	-0.06
POP			- 0.80**	0.27**	0.07
NGP				-0.33**	0.39**
PMG					0.45**
---2016/17 Harvest ---
AP	-0.15	0.13	-0.07	-0.06	0.04
AIV		0.00	0.01	0.08	0.07
POP			-0.82*	-0.14	0.06
NGP				0.33	0.44**
PMG					0.25**

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[TFN1] DG: Degrees of freedom; CV: Coefficient of variation. *, **, ns: Significant at 1 and 5% probability and not significant, respectively, by the F test. A comparison of means for the Block factor was not performed.