The main goal of this work was to demonstrate the consequences of colostomy in the dysfunctional intestinal segment, creating a model of fecal diversion colitis (CD). Sixty five adult wistar rats, weighting 220 to 300g, were divided into 13 groups of five rats. In groups I to 12, the animals were submitted to a median laparotomy to perform a terminal colostomy after which the animals were observed for a maximum period of 100 days. The animals were then killed and a necropsy was performed for removing the defunctioning colonic segment for histopathological evaluation. Quantitative analysis was performed by measuring the width of the colonic mucosa, while qualitative analysis through the presence of inflammatory infiltrate - acute or chronic - in the lamina propria, changes in colonic crypts, presence of lymphoid follicular hyperplasia and lymphocites in the lumen of submucosal vessels, and the presence of eosinophiles in the intestinal lumen. In group 12, the animals underwent reconstruction of the normal intestinal flow 100 days after the dysfunctional colostomy, and were killed 30 days after that operations, the descending colon was removed for histopathological analysis similar to the previous groups. In group 13 (control), the animals were killed to remove a segment of the descending colon. Results were analysed according to the Turkey method and Student's T test. It was noted a significant reduction of colonic mucosa width, beginning at the 40th postoperative day (group 5). In conclusion, the colostomy in rats resembles histopathologic changes compatible with diversion colitis, and that this one was reversible after reconstruction of normal intestinal flow.
Diversion colitis; Colostomy; Intestinal mucosa