Drought, heat, and their combined effect on the photosynthetic performance of <i>Psidium myrtoides</i> O. Berg (Myrtaceae)<sup/>

Souza, Icaro Leite; Santos Junior, Ramon Negrão; Faria-Silva, Leonardo; Silva, Diolina Moura

doi:10.1590/0034-737X202370050002

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Crop Production • Rev. Ceres 70 (5) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737X202370050002 copy

Drought, heat, and their combined effect on the photosynthetic performance of Psidium myrtoides O. Berg (Myrtaceae)¹ 1 This study is part of independent work developed by Photosynthesis Research Center students during their postgraduate course. The financial incentive came through scholarships in force at the time, granted by CAPES.

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ABSTRACT

Popularly known as araçá-una, Psidium myrtoides is an endemic tree species in Brazil, with fruits much appreciated by the fauna. It is indicated for the composition of reforestation and for enriching the vegetation of degraded areas. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of drought, heat, and the interaction of both in the physiological attributes of Psidium myrtoides plants. Monitored fluorescence, gas exchange, and chlorophyll index in araçá-una plants induced by drought, heat, and the combination of both during 1, 3, and 7 days after treatment induction (DAT). After, the plants were returned to their initial condition, and their recovery was evaluated at 15 DAT. The results indicate that Psidium myrtoides plants reduce photosynthetic activity in the absence of water, contrary to what has been shown in other studies; in addition, they are not potentiated by the combination with heat. Therefore, we conclude that this species has a potential tolerance to heat (T_mean 30.3 °C). However, if water is available in the soil, it maintains photosynthetic activity at normal levels.

Keywords
drought stress; heat stress; JIP-test; photosynthesis

Abbreviations	Formulas	Definition
φP₀	Fv/Fm = 1 - F₀/F_M	Maximum quantum yield of primary Photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry
ψE₀	1 - V_J = ET₀/TR₀	Efficiency with which a PSII trapped electron is transferred from Quinone A (QA) to Quinone B (QB)
φE₀	1 - F_J/F_M = ET₀/ABS	Quantum yield for electron transport
δR₀	1 - F_I/F_M = RE₀/ET₀	Quantum yield of the electron transport flux until the Photosystem I (PSI) electron acceptors
PI_abs	(RC/ABS) · (φP₀/(1 – φP₀)) (ψE₀/(1 – ψE₀))	Potential performance index of PSII
PI_total	PI_ABS · (δR₀/(1 – δR₀))	Total photochemical performance index

		φP₀	ψE₀	φE₀	PI_ABS	δR₀	PI_TOTAL
1DAT	Control	0.75 a	0.53 a	0.40 a	1.59 a	0.48 a	1.40 a
	T₁	0.74 a	0.51 a	0.38 a	1.27 a	0.51 a	1.30 a
	T₂	0.76 a	0.51 a	0.39 a	1.35 a	0.48 a	1.21 a
	T₃	0.75 a	0.49 a	0.37 a	1.15 a	0.50 a	1.14 a
4DAT	Control	0.76 a	0.52 a	0.40 a	1.42 a	0.48 a	1.27 a
	T₁	0.78 b	0.55 a	0.43 b	1.76 a	0.41 a	1.24 a
	T₂	0.79 b	0.57 a	0.45 b	2.27 a	0.45 a	1.89 b
	T₃	0.78 b	0.56 a	0.44 b	1.88 a	0.44 a	1.49 a
7DAT	Control	0.75 b	0.49 b	0.36 b	1.15 b	0.53 b	1.26 b
	T₁	0.51 a	0.43 a	0.22 a	0.23 a	0.38 a	0.14 a
	T₂	0.77 b	0.55 c	0.42 b	1.73 b	0.51 b	1.81 c
	T₃	0.55 a	0.44 a	0.24 a	0.33 a	0.36 a	0.18 a
Recovery	Control	0.76 a	0.55 b	0.42 b	1.61 a	0.44 a	1.27 a
	T₁	0.73 a	0.47 a	0.34 a	0.98 a	0.57 b	1.19 a
	T₂	0.77 a	0.55 b	0.42 b	1.72 a	0.50 b	1.73 a
	T₃	0.76 a	0.53 b	0.40 b	1.49 a	0.51 b	1.50 a

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[1] *Corresponding author: fariasilva.leonardo@gmail.com