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Nitrogen participation in the induction of foliar injury and glyphosate efficacy

Three experiments were carried out, two in greenhouse and one in the field to evaluate different aspects of nitrogen participation in the induction of leaf injuries and glyphosate efficacy. Glyphosate was applied in combination with urea (U), ammonium sulfate (AMS) and U+AMS; following N soil fertilization and spray solutions with N concentrations up to 20%. Application of nitrogen spray solutions did not provide satisfactory desiccation of the different plant species, reaching maximum damage of about 30%. The use of AMS or U+AMS as a spray vehicle for glyphosate application increased control of morning glory (Ipomoea triloba L.). Nitrogen solutions accelerated glyphosate-desiccation of Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense L.), however with no visible differences at 28 days after application. The choice of adequate glyphosate rate (1,800 g ha-1) for Brachiaria decumbens Stapf desiccation was fundamental for reaching high control, and the only alternative that enhanced the efficacy of glyphosate lower rate was the previous fertilization of the soil with 150 kg ha-1 of ammonium sulfate.


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