<b>Carbon dioxide quantified by the infrared in evaluation of respiratory activity of wheat seeds</b>

Dranski, João Alexandre Lopes; Malavasi, Marlene de Matos; Malavasi, Ubirajara Contro; Schuster, Ivan; Lazaretti, Norma

doi:10.1590/0034-737X201764050008

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Seed Science, Phisiology and Technology • Rev. Ceres 64 (5) • Sep-Oct 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737X201764050008 linkcopy

Carbon dioxide quantified by the infrared in evaluation of respiratory activity of wheat seeds ¹

Dióxido de carbono quantificado pelo infravermelho na avaliação da atividade respiratória em sementes de trigo

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to develop and validate the methodology of carbon dioxide concentration in the evaluation of vigor of Triticum aestivum L. seeds based on infrared spectroscopy. The proposed method quantifies CO₂ content using a drag system and exhaustion to the gas released by the seeds. Samples of 50 seeds of six lots of cultivar CD 123 were incubated at temperatures of 15, 25 and 40 °C. The CO₂ content released after 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 h of incubation were quantified. Additionally, the percentage of normal seedlings emerged in the field were evaluated. The simple correlation coefficients were evaluated among tests. After determining the reading conditions, the precision and accuracy of the proposed method were evaluated, using 15 lots of seeds. For the evaluation of the respiratory activity in Triticum aestivum seeds, a sample of 25 seeds, incubated at 25 °C for a minimum of 12 h is recommended since it allows to classify lots with different levels of vigor and predict the establishment of seedlings in the field, being the appropriate method for measuring CO₂ as it externalizes precision between successive measurements and agreement with the reference method.

Key words: CO₂; infrared spectroscopy; Triticum aestivum L.; validation method

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Universidade Federal de Viçosa Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 31) 3612-2078 - Viçosa - MG - Brazil
E-mail: ceres@ufv.br

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[TFN1] Means followed by the same lowercase letter in the column do not differ statistically from each other at the level of 5% of error probability by the Scott-Knott test.

Lot	NS	FC	PDM	KL	EC	FE
Lot	%		mg^-1	µmol g^-1	µS cm g^-1	%
1	94.0b	91.0b	21.55c	188.50a	42.22a	91.0c
2	97.0a	93.5b	22.54b	182.96a	39.90a	93.0b
3	98.0a	92.5b	22.52b	185.66a	38.04b	94.5b
4	97.0a	94.5a	23.64a	171.07b	38.87b	93.5b
5	97.0a	96.0a	23.67a	156.64b	36.63b	98.5a
6	99.0a	95.0a	23.45a	73.82c	23.85c	97.5a
CV (%)	1.8	1.9	1.9	7.2	5.1	1.8

Temperature (^oC)	Lot	Incubation time period (h)
		1	3	6	9	12	24
		mmol g^-1
15	1	0.30a	0.90a	2.62a	4.74a	7.33a	21.73a
	2	0.31a	0.94a	2.46a	4.45a	7.43a	21.00b
	3	0.34a	0.86a	2.51a	4.19a	7.18a	20.67b
	4	0.29a	0.88a	2.77a	4.22a	7.23a	20.21b
	5	0.28a	0.94a	2.85a	4.10a	6.79b	18.95c
	6	0.20a	0.53a	2.19a	4.03a	6.73b	18.55c
CV (%)		9.17
r		-0.54	-0.40	-0.03	-0.89^**	-0.92^**	-0.95^**
25	1	0.83a	2.95a	7.88a	12.46a	21.54a	52.31a
	2	0.93a	2.76a	7.62a	12.10a	20.17b	50.66b
	3	0.79a	2.59a	7.39a	11.93a	20.15b	49.28b
	4	0.76a	2.69a	7.06a	11.86a	19.98b	50.43b
	5	0.88a	2.55a	7.03a	11.77a	18.54c	48.56c
	6	0.48a	2.42a	6.95a	11.48b	18.62c	47.77c
CV (%)		6.49
r		-0.37	-0.91^**	-0.85^**	-0.87^**	-0.95^**	-0.94^**
40	1	1.34a	7.51a	20.29a	35.18a	53.54a	91.25a
	2	1.43a	6.85a	20.16a	34.93a	50.04a	87.58b
	3	1.44a	7.55a	19.93a	35.72a	52.58a	86.21b
	4	1.45a	6.94a	19.37a	33.98a	49.99a	84.88b
	5	1.32a	6.87a	19.34a	35.12a	49.72a	85.76b
	6	1.12a	7.17a	20.56a	34.41a	48.60a	83.20b
CV (%)		26.10
r		-0.49	0.18	-0.53	-0.34	-0.13	0.10

Lot	First day (n=10)	Second day (n=10)	ANOVA
Lot	mmol g^-1	Q_Mdia	F_calc		P
1	24.95 ± 1.22	24.74 ± 0.72	0.229	0.227	0.639
2	23.71 ± 1.64	25.10 ± 1.23	9.638	3.113	0.065
3	23.71 ± 1.09	23.99 ± 1.21	0.406	0.306	0.587
4	23.75 ± 1.57	24.00 ± 1.40	0.306	0.138	0.714
5	23.43 ± 0.74	23.91 ± 0.96	1.142	1.549	0.229
6	23.37 ± 1.22	23.87 ± 1.61	1.218	0.600	0.449
7	22.31 ± 1.50	22.82 ± 1.88	1.287	0.445	0.513
8	22.59 ± 1.09	22.53 ± 1.20	0.021	0.016	0.902
9	21.98 ± 0.94	21.64 ± 1.07	0.584	0.577	0.457
10	21.04 ± 0.93	21.21 ± 0.84	0.149	0.191	0.668
11	20.86 ± 1.21	21.32 ± 1.16	1.043	0.741	0.401
12	20.29 ± 1.91	21.29 ± 1.50	4.980	1.686	0.211
13	20.19 ± 1.24	20.25 ± 1.12	0.019	0.014	0.908
14	19.42 ± 1.15	20.13 ± 1.37	2.557	1.600	0.222
15	17.97 ± 1.41	18.94 ± 1.16	4.691	2.821	0.110

Lot	Reference method (n=4)	Proposed method (n=20)	PN	p _{test t}
Lot	mmol g^-1		%	p _{test t}
1	25.69 ± 1.73	24.84 ± 0.98 a	94 b	0.18
2	24.77 ± 2.70	24.40 ± 1.58 a	95 b	0.71
3	23.32 ± 1.48	23.85 ± 1.13 b	96 b	0.46
4	22.96 ± 1.71	23.78 ± 1.45 b	95 b	0.45
5	23.72 ± 0.49	23.63 ± 0.81 b	96 b	0.83
6	23.43 ± 2.39	23.62 ± 1.41 b	96 b	0.36
7	21.94 ± 2.51	22.39 ± 1.49 c	97 a	0.63
8	22.55 ± 2.26	22.35 ± 1.21 c	98 a	0.80
9	21.31 ± 0.70	21.81 ± 1.00 d	98 a	0.36
10	20.79 ± 1.26	21.13 ± 0.86 d	98 a	0.51
11	20.55 ± 0.97	20.94 ± 1.18 d	98 a	0.40
12	21.45 ± 0.24	20.68 ± 1.75 d	99 a	0.46
13	19.87 ± 1.71	20.12 ± 1.15 e	99 a	0.60
14	18.42 ± 0.70	19.59 ± 1.29 e	99 a	0.59
15	19.13 ± 0.45	18.46 ± 1.35 f	99 a	0.34
R	0.97 p < 0.0001

Carbon dioxide quantified by the infrared in evaluation of respiratory activity of wheat seeds 1

Dióxido de carbono quantificado pelo infravermelho na avaliação da atividade respiratória em sementes de trigo

ABSTRACT

Carbon dioxide quantified by the infrared in evaluation of respiratory activity of wheat seeds ¹