Nicotinamide and phytohormones as biostimulants in common bean

Bernardo, Vitória Fátima; Lima, Sebastião Ferreira de; Santos, Gleciane Aparecida Valério dos; Alves, Vitória Carolina Dantas; Vendruscolo, Eduardo Pradi; Nunes, Rita de Cássia Barros

doi:10.1590/0034-737X2024710035

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Crop Production • Rev. Ceres 71 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737X2024710035 copy

Nicotinamide and phytohormones as biostimulants in common bean

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The cultivation of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is of great importance to the national economy since they are grown in almost all regions of Brazil and the use of biostimulants based on phytohormones and plant vitamins can improve the yield of the crop. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of the application of the vitamin nicotinamide and phytohormones as biostimulants on bean plants. The experimental design was carried out in randomized blocks in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme with 4 replicates. The treatments consisted of the application of five doses of nicotinamide (0, 200, 400, 600 and 800 mg L^-1) in the presence or absence of phytohormones containing auxin, gibberellin and cytokinin. The growth characteristics, production components and productivity of the bean grains were evaluated. The use of phytohormones and nicotinamide alone or together favored the growth, production components and grain productivity of the bean plant. The range of 366 to 469 mL L^-1 nicotinamide achieved the highest values for the growth variables, production components and grain productivity of the bean plant, with 414 mL L^-1 being the most suitable to achieve higher grain productivity.

Keywords
Phaseolus vulgaris ; auxin; cytokinin; gibberellin; vitamins

		Mean Square
		HT	SM	LM	HP	PP
Block	3	5.06	0.29	0.08	1.18	0.32
P	6	50.85^** , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	42.87^** , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	40.08^** , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	4.36^* , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	16.00^** , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively
N		174.33^** , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	81.19^** , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	43.00^** , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	8.37^** , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	14.04^** , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively
PxN		14.57^* , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	5.50^* , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	0.75^ns , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	0.02^ns , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	1.15^* , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively
Error	18	5.10	1.96	1.18	0.82	0.34
CV (%)		4.79	6.69	6.33	5.84	6.24
Average		47.18	20.92	17.16	15.54	9.38
		Mean Square
		CL	GP	100W	GM	GY
Block	3	3.04	0.02	1.10	0.09	5931.00
P	6	4.37^ns , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	0.48^** , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	0.67^ns , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	8.05^** , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	152390.14^** , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively
N		5.97^ns , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	0.28^** , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	3.38^** , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	5.56^** , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	125658.19^** , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively
PxN		0.71^ns , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	0.01^ns , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	0.09^ns , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	1.01^** , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively	3255.98^** , * and ns – Significant at p ≤ 0.05, 0.01 and, not significant by t-test, respectively
Error	18	2.35	0.04	0.77	0.05	624.82
CV (%)		3.48	5.43	3.67	2.96	1.38
Average		44.06	3.35	23.83	7.46	1817.17

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[1] * Corresponding author: sebastiao.lima@ufms.br