ABSTRACT
The combination of management practices affects weed populations and biodiversity. The objective was to evaluate the infesting weed community in the implementation of a corn silage (Zea mays L.) /pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L)/corn silage succession system subjected to early potassium fertilization in the winter crop. The experiment began in October 2019 under fallow area. In the 2019/20 summer season, corn silage was grown in a complete area. In the 2020 fall/winter season, the plots consisted of pearl millet, six doses of potassium fertilization (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg ha-1) and one fallow. In the 2020/21 summer season, the treatments consisted of corn silage and six doses of K2O, complementing the treatment applied in the previous harvest (120, 90, 60, 30, 0 kg ha-1) and one with recommended fertilization. Phytosociological evaluations of weeds were performed using a 0.25 m2 square. The density and number of species increased in the first year. Early fertilization at doses of 90, 120 and 150 kg ha-1 of K2O increased the dry weight of weeds before planting and at V4 stage of the corn silage cultivated in sequence; however, were lower than those for plots fallowed in the winter.
Keywords
phytosociology; corn silage; pearl millet
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Means followed by the same letter do not differ by Tukey’s test at 5% (Fallow = area without any crop; CsV4 = corn silage at V4 stage; Cs harvest = harvest at corn silage; M+K2O = millet at different doses of K2O).
Means followed by the same letter do not differ by Tukey’s test at 5% (Fallow = area without any crop; CsV4 = corn silage at V4 stage; Cs harvest = harvest at corn silage; M+K2O = millet at different doses of K2O).
Means followed by the same letter in the same evaluation period do not differ by Tukey’s test at 5%. (Fallow = area without any crop; CsV4 = corn silage at V4 stage; Cs harvest = harvest at corn silage; M+K2O = millet at different doses of K2O; Rec = standard fertilization). The first line in the legend of the x-axis indicates the treatments present in the evaluation period, and the second line indicates the identification of the complete treatment (1) in the plots. (1) FCMC120 = Fallow + corn silage + 0 kg K20 ha -1 at millet + 120 kg K2O ha-1 broadcast at corn silage; FCMC90 = Fallow + corn silage + 30 kg K20 ha -1 at millet + 90 kg K2O ha-1 broadcast at corn silage; FCMC60 = Fallow + corn silage + 60 kg K20 ha -1 at millet + 60 kg K2O ha-1 broadcast at corn silage; FCMC30 = Fallow + corn silage + 90 kg K20 ha -1 at millet + 30 kg K2O ha-1 broadcast at corn silage; FCMC0 = Fallow + corn silage + 120 kg K20 ha -1 at millet + 0 kg K2O ha-1 broadcast at corn silage; FCMC = Fallow + corn silage + 150 kg K20 ha -1 at millet + 0 kg K2O ha-1 broadcast at corn silage; FCFCRec = Fallow + corn silage + Fallow and 0 kg K2O ha-1 + standard fertilization at corn silage.
Means followed by the same lowercase letter in the same treatment do not differ by Tukey’s test at 5%. (Fallow = area without any crop; CsV4 = corn silage at V4 stage; Cs harvest = harvest at corn silage; M+K2O= millet at different doses of K2O; Rec = standard fertilization). The first line in the legend of the x-axis indicates the treatments applied in the evaluation period, and the second line indicates the evaluation period.