ABSTRACT
Nitrogen (N) is a macronutrient that positively affects grain yields in maize crops, being its appropriate management indispensable for a sustainable agriculture, including the use of alternative resources such as diazotrophic bacteria. The aims of this work were to evaluate morphophysiological aspects of maize plants and activity of soil enzymes (urease and fosfatase) due to mineral N fertilization and Azospirillum brasilense inoculation. Two trials were conducted under greenhouse conditions with cerrado soil. A randomized block design was set up with treatments distributed as a 3 x 3 factorial. The first factor corresponded to N rates (0; 100 and 200 kg ha-1) and the second factor to an A. brasilense inoculant (0; 100 and 200 mL ha-1). At the end of this experiment, another trial was done to determine the possible residual effect of inoculation and nitrogen fertilization. Nitrogen application promoted maize plants growth, and increased chlorophyll and nutrient contents. Intensified activity of rhizosphere enzymes related to ammonium and inorganic phosphorus availability was also observed. In addition, N fertilization had residual effect on plant development in the test evaluating the residual effect of the fertilizer. The combination of 200 mL ha-1 of A. brasilense with 200 kg ha-1 of N increased the physiological response of the maize crop.
Key words:
Zea mays L.; diazotrophic bacteria; nitrogen rates; enzymatic activity
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