Refrigerated storage of blackberry cultivar ‘BRS Cainguá’ harvested at different ripeness stages

Schiavon, Andressa Vighi; Leivas, Gabrielle Leivas de; Silva, Guilherme Ferreira da; Malgarim, Marcelo Barbosa; Herter, Flavio Gilberto

doi:10.1590/0034-737X202370020004

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Crop Production • Rev. Ceres 70 (2) • Mar-Apr 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737X202370020004 copy

Refrigerated storage of blackberry cultivar ‘BRS Cainguá’ harvested at different ripeness stages

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Blackberries have a short post-harvest conservation period, making it necessary to optimize harvest and storage conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of refrigerated storage and maturation stage on the physicochemical quality of ‘BRS Cainguá’ blackberries, produced in an organic system. Blackberries from an experimental orchard, were harvested at three ripeness stages (RS), with RS1 being fruits with 100% red skin; RS2 skin 50% red and 50% black; and EM3 100% black skin. The samples were stored in a cold chamber at 4±0.5ºC and 90-95% RH for 12 days. The evaluations were carried out after 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days of storage, for: weight loss (WL), soluble solids (SS), pH, titratable acidity (TA), ratio (SS/TA) and color parameters. Blackberries harvested in RS3 had the highest SS content, lowest TA and the highest SS/TA ratio and pH. During storage, TA and WL showed decreasing and increasing linear responses, respectively, regardless of the RS of the fruits. Harvesting based on the skin color of ‘BRS Cainguá’ blackberries influences the physicochemical quality and postharvest conservation. Fruits harvested with 100% black skin, have the best quality and are the most suitable for subsequent refrigerated storage.

Keywords
Rubus spp.; physicochemical; small fruits; postharvest; flavor; harvest point

Soluble solids (°brix)
Ripeness stage	Storage (days)
Ripeness stage	0	3	6	9	12	Mean	Linear	Quadratic
RS1	8.35	8.08	8.35	7.95	8.02	8.15 c	-	-
RS2	9.72	9.38	8.75	9.48	9.18	9.30 b	-	-
RS3	11.42	11.58	11.58	11.32	11.88	11.54 a	-	-
Mean	9.83	9.68	9.53	9.58	9.69		^ns ns non-significant for regression analysis;	^ns ns non-significant for regression analysis;
p (ripeness)		0.0001^ significant to 1% probability;
p (storage)		0.6052^ns ns non-significant for regression analysis;
p (ripeness x storage)		0.1886 ^ns ns non-significant for regression analysis;
CV (%)		4.99
Titratable acidity (% Citric Acid)
Ripeness stage	Storage (days)
Ripeness stage	0	3	6	9	12		Linear	Quadratic
RS1	2.13 a	1.98 a	1.83 a	1.89 a	1.74 a		^* * significant to 5% probability; ⁽¹⁾ (1) y = -0.0292x + 2.089 (R2 = 0.86);	^ns ns non-significant for regression analysis;
RS2	1.62 b	1.50 b	1.37 b	1.09 b	1.06 b		^* * significant to 5% probability; ⁽²⁾ (2) y = -0.0502x + 1.629 (R2 = 0.95);	^ns ns non-significant for regression analysis;
RS3	0.97 c	1.01 c	0.93 c	0.85 c	0.78 c		^* * significant to 5% probability; ⁽³⁾ (3) y = -0.0175x + 1.0141 (R2 = 0.83)	^ns ns non-significant for regression analysis;
p (ripeness x storage)		0.0013^**
CV (%)	7.09

SS/TA Ratio
Ripeness stage		Storage (days)
Ripeness stage		0	3	6	9	12	Linear	Quadratic
RS1		3.92 c	4.07 c	4.56 c	4.22 c	4.65 c	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;
RS2		6.03 b	6.29 b	6.42 b	8.66 b	8.64 b	^* * significant to 5% probability; ⁽¹⁾ (1) y= 0.2523x + 5.6968 (R2 = 0.82);	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;
RS3		11.84 a	11.53 a	12.40 a	13.35 a	15.13 a	^* * significant to 5% probability; ⁽²⁾ (2) y= 0.2799x + 11.172 (R2 = 0.84);	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;
p (ripeness x storage)			0.0001^ significant to 1% probability;
CV (%)		8.29
pH
Ripeness stage		Storage (days)
Ripeness stage		0	3	6	9	12	Linear	Quadratic
RS1		2.19 c	2.18 c	2.29 c	2.51c	2.56 c	^* * significant to 5% probability; ⁽³⁾ (3) y = 0.0357x + 2.131 (R2 = 0.88);	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;
RS2		2.44 b	2.43 b	2.55 b	2.91 b	3.09 b	^* * significant to 5% probability; ⁽⁴⁾ (4) y = 0.0584x + 2.334 (R2 = 0.88);	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;
RS3		2.63 a	2.71 a	2.78 a	3.11 a	3.18 a	^* * significant to 5% probability; ⁽⁵⁾ (5) y = 0.0498x + 2.583 (R2 = 0.92);	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;
p (ripeness x storage)			0.0001^ significant to 1% probability;
CV (%)		2.03
Weight loss (%)
Ripeness stage		Storage (days)
Ripeness stage		0	3	6	9	12	Linear	Quadratic
RS1		-	0.62^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;	1.18^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;	1.91^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;	2.99 a	^* * significant to 5% probability; ⁽⁶⁾ (6) y = 0.2426x – 0.1165 (R2 = 0.98);	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;
RS2		-	0.58	0.99	1.72	2.49 b	^* * significant to 5% probability; ⁽⁷⁾ (7) y = 0.2037x – 0.0643 (R2 = 0.98);	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;
RS3		-	0.36	0.82	1.67	1.76 c	^* * significant to 5% probability; ⁽⁸⁾ (8) y = 0.1607x – 0.042 (R2 = 0.96); CV: Coefficient of variation; RS1: fruits with 100% red skin; RS2: 50% red and 50% black skin; RS3: 100% black skin.	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;
p (ripeness x storage)			0.0053^ significant to 1% probability;
CV (%)	23.57

Luminosity (L)
Ripeness stage	Storage (days)
Ripeness stage	0	3	6	9	12	Linear	Quadratic
RS1	32.72 a	28.87 a	27.14 a	24.27 a	23.68 a	^* * significant to 5% probability; ⁽¹⁾ (1) y = -0.7556x + 31.872 (R2 = 0.95);	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;
RS2	24.15 b	23.06 b	22.37 b	20.43 b	21.31 b	^* * significant to 5% probability; ⁽²⁾ (2) y = -0.2744x + 23.903 (R2 = 0.81);	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;
RS3	20.87 c	21.43 b	20.49 c	19.77 b	19.63 b	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;
p (ripeness x storage)		0.0001^ significant to 1% probability;
CV (%)	4.53
Color (°Hue)
Ripeness stage	Storage (days)
Ripeness stage	0	3	6	9	12	Linear	Quadratic
RS1	32.23 b	31.05 b	28.88 b	28.69 c	25.07 c	^* * significant to 5% probability; ⁽³⁾ (3) y = -0.5558x + 32.518 (R2 = 0.93);	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;
RS2	28.06b	29.93b	30.37 b	40.65 b	35.05 b	^* * significant to 5% probability; ⁽⁴⁾ (4) y = 0.8232x + 27.872 (R2 = 0.59);	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;
RS3	41.94 a	42.26 a	43.42 a	47.09 a	46.84 a	^* * significant to 5% probability; ⁽⁵⁾ (5) y = 0.488x + 41.383 (R2 = 0.87);	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;
p (ripeness x storage)		0.0001^ significant to 1% probability;
CV (%)	7.33
Chroma
Ripeness stage	Storage (days)
Ripeness stage	0	3	6	9	12	Linear	Quadratic
RS1	35.66 a	29.53 a	25.21 a	22.63 a	20.19 a	^* * significant to 5% probability; ⁽⁶⁾ (6) y = -1.2606x + 34.21 (R2 = 0.96);	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;
RS2	14.36 b	8.10 b	8.71 b	5.35 b	5.37 b	^* * significant to 5% probability; ⁽⁷⁾ (7) y = -0.6914x + 12.528 (R2 = 0.79);	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;
RS3	4.42 c	4.29 b	4.82 b	4.61 b	4.39 b	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;	^ns ns not significant for regression analysis;
p (ripeness x storage)		0.0001^ significant to 1% probability;
CV (%)	19.13

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[1] *Corresponding author: andressa.vighi@gmail.com