CLASSIFICATION
|
Philosophy
|
Porphyry of Tyre (232/233-ca. 304) |
Classification theory |
Universals (something capable of being predicated of many) |
Logical division/division principle (Abstraction/grouping/Ordering of entities into classes in hierarchical structure) |
Realism and nominalism |
Logical model of the “Porphyry Tree” |
Librarianship
|
Ernest Cushing Richardson, (1860-1939) |
Theoretical principles for bibliographic classification |
things (including ideas and physical objects) |
Systematic division principle and classification for ordering, based on the similarity of the simplest to the most complex. |
Pragmatics and analytical (with ontological and epistemological order) |
Theoretical basis for bibliographic classification based on the principles: law of similarity and law of evolution (historical) |
Henry E. Bliss (1870-1955) |
Classification theory (philosophical and theoretical context) |
class-concept-term |
Systematic method of inductive and deductive logic, through the coordination and subordination mechanism |
Positivist, realistic, with a social nature |
Theoretical basis for bibliographic classification/Bliss Classification (1935) 14 principles of scientific or logical classification |
S.R. Ranganathan, (1892-1972) |
Faceted Classification Theory |
Basic subject/Ideas (Unit of thought)) |
Analytical-synthetic method of faceted analysis; deductive method; logical division of knowledge |
Logical-positivist, multidimensional approach to knowledge |
Theoretical basis for faceted classification, Colon Classification. Five Laws of Librarianship |
Library and Information Science
|
Ingetraut Dahlberg (1927-2017) |
Concept analytical theory |
Concept (units of knowledge) |
Based on Aristotelian logic, deductive and inductive method |
Logical-positivist (true statements), normative and analytical |
Information Code Classification (ICC), Systematifier. Classification System of Knowledge Organization Literature (CSKOL) |
CATEGORIZATION
|
Philosophy
|
Platão (428/427 a.C. -348/347 a.C.) |
Theory of ideas/forms |
Universals: non-material (but substantial and immutable) abstract forms (or ideas) |
Dialectic method |
Realism, Idealism, dualism |
Theories of ideas; Platonic dualism |
Aristóteles (384 a.C. - 322 a.C.) |
Classical categorization theories, Theory of knowledge |
The “essence” /substance/ |
Categorical/deductive logic, systematization |
Empiricism, Realism, idealistic, with positivist thoughts |
General classification of knowledge, categorical logic with 10 categories |
Cognitive Sciences
|
Eleonor Rosch, (1938- ) |
Prototypical theory |
Concepts/categories/prototypical element |
Non-systematic process, grouping by similarity |
Cognitivism Empiricism, Interrelation |
Prototype Model |
Library and Information Science
|
S.R. Ranganathan, (1892-1972) |
Faceted Classification Theory |
Analysis categories for subject formation (units of thought) |
Categorization as a central and systematic process in the analysis and synthesis of subjects. |
Logical-positivist, multidimensional approach to knowledge |
Five fundamental categories - Personality, Matter, Energy, Space and Time (PMEST) |
Ingetraut Dahlberg (1927-2017) |
Concept analytical theory |
Categories, based on Aristotle, for organizing concepts (units of knowledge) |
Based on Aristotelian logic, deductive and inductive method, categorization as a central and systematic process in the organization of concepts |
Logical-positivist (true statements), normative and analytical |
Set of categories: Entities (Phenomena, General Object, Material Object), Properties (Counting and measurement, Quality, Comparison), Dimensions (Time, Position, Space) and Activities (Operations, Processes, States). |