HelPath(1717 Miranda JM, Palacios-Isaac A, López-Flores F, Martínez A, Aguilar H, Jiménez L, et al. Development of a computational platform to support the screening, surveillance, prevention and detection of suicidal behaviors. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering. Proceddings [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2019 Dec 28];288:83-101. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-25872-6_7 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25872-...
) (Computational platform) Subsidizing screening and directing to specialized services according to the risk situation. |
Screening and monitoring |
Device based on cognitive-behavioral therapy, which favored prevention from the emotional state. It enabled risk management and supported clinical decision and information recording for surveillance purposes. |
Easy to use and support tool for clinical decision and monitoring of patients at risk, indication of treatment and follow-up actions. |
It did not assess results of the technological implantation. |
Mobile-assisted treatment(2525 O'Toole MS, Arendt MB, Pedersen CM. Testing an app-assisted treatment for suicide prevention in a randomized controlled trial: effects on suicide risk and depression. Behavior Ther. 2019;50(2):421-9. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2018.07.007 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2018.07.0...
) Assessing the impact of an application on depression and suicide risk. |
Monitoring |
It favored the reduction of self-reported suicide risk. There were no differences between groups regarding the symptom of depression. |
The technology reduced the immediate risk of suicide, but did not influence the level of depression experienced, indicating that other therapeutic resources are needed. |
The results were generalized to the adult population. |
Natural language processing(2626 Coppersmith G, Leary R, Crutchley P, Fine A. Natural language processing of social media as screening for suicide risk. Biomed Inform Insights. 2018;10:1-11. doi: 10.1177/1178222618792860 https://doi.org/10.1177/1178222618792860...
) OurDataHelps.org Estimating suicide risk through combined analysis of social media, demographic and mental conditions. |
Screening and data navigation |
Automated resource that can be performed by untrained professionals and that has shown feasibility and accuracy to predict quantifiable signs of suicidal behavior. |
It was the basis for screening, crisis prevention, improvement of clinical systems and care. |
Ethical and privacy implications. Application by individual consent. |
Linehan Suicide Safety Net(1818 Harned MS, Lungu A, Wilks CR, Linehan MM. Evaluating a multimedia tool for suicide risk assessment and management: the Linehan Suicide Safety Net. J Clin Psychol. 2017;73(3):308-18. doi: 10.1002/jclp.22331 https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22331...
) (LSSN) Assessing, managing, and documenting suicide risk. |
Monitoring and data navigation |
Web-based multimedia tool that increased confidence in risk management, assessment and management, representing a method to improve clinical interventions. |
The high acceptability shows that this tool is promising for assessing and managing suicide risk. |
There is no evidence of effectiveness in different cultures. |
e-PASS Suicidal Ideation Detector (eSID)(1919 Meyer D, Abbott JA, Rehm I, Bhar S, Barak A, Deng G, et al. Development of a suicidal ideation detection tool for primary healthcare settings: using open access online psychosocial data. Telemed J Educ Health. 2017;23(4):273-81. doi: 10.1089/tmj.2016.0110 https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2016.0110...
) Identifying suicidal ideation in Primary Health Care. |
Screening and data navigation |
Fast, effective, low cost method with the potential to improve the quality of care. It performed well among adults and the elderly of both genders. |
ESID has been configured as a precise and favorable method for identification and assessment of risk states. |
Only the medical performance was assessed, not considering the other essential categories for risk assessment. |
Computational algorithm(2222 Pestian JP, Sorter M, Connolly B, Cohen KB, McCullumsmith C, Gee JT, et al. A machine learning approach to identifying the thought markers of suicidal subjects: a prospective multicenter trial. Suicide Life-Threatening Behav. 2017;47(1):112-21. doi: 10.1111/sltb.12312 https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12312...
) Identifying markers of suicidal thinking in linguistic and acoustic characteristics (dynamics, frequency and vocal quality). |
Screening and data navigation |
Objective, precise and useful tool to determine the level of suicidal intention, directing prevention and treatment in different contexts and environments. |
A technology with potential for application in school, youth and community environments was evidenced, favoring the early identification of behavior. |
Technological performance has not been assessed in other populations. |
Momentary ecological assessment(2727 Husky M, Olie E, Guillaume S, Genty C, Swendsen J, Courtet P. Feasibility and validity of ecological momentary assessment in the investigation of suicide risk. Psychiatry Res. 2014;220(1-2):564-70. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.08.019 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2014....
) Classifying and recognizing situations of risk related to mood, self-harm, environment and social context. |
Screening and monitoring |
Instrument based on computational monitoring, considered valid, viable and with a high acceptance rate, which enabled advances in identification of predisposing factors for behavior. |
Potential to support the study of suicide risk, the assessment and monitoring of cognitive states and associated psychosocial factors. |
Technological accuracy may be reduced when the algorithm is applied to different navigation routes. |
Momentary ecological assessment(2323 Thompson WK, Gershon A, O'Hara R, Bernert RA, Depp CA. The prediction of study-emergent suicidal ideation in bipolar disorder: a pilot study using ecological momentary assessment data. Bipolar Disord. 2014;16(7):669-77. doi: 10.1111/bdi.12218 https://doi.org/10.1111/bdi.12218...
) Predicting individual changes, clinical factors and risk states. |
Screening and monitoring |
Predictive model, with high sensitivity and accuracy to identify ideation, leading to the planning of preventive interventions. |
It made it possible to improve identification, assessment and intervention in high-risk states, in addition to management of chronic and recurrent disorders. |
It allows assessment in a single condition related to suicidal behavior (ideation). |
Suicide Ideation Scale(2020 Luxton DD, Rudd MD, Reger MA, Gahm GA. A psychometric study of the Suicide Ideation Scale. Arch Suicide Res. 2011;15(3):250-8. doi: 10.1080/13811118.2011.589720 https://doi.org/10.1080/13811118.2011.58...
) Identifying and classifying suicide risk. |
Screening |
Specificity, sensitivity of measurement, simplicity of administration, clinical and research applications. |
The scale showed adequate psychometric properties to identify suicidal thoughts. |
It does not include variables related to individual suicide history. |
Software – Lifenet(2121 Ferns WJ. Lifenet: a knowledge-based decision support tool for the risk assessment of adolescent suicide. Expert Syst Applic. 1995;9(2):165-76. doi: 10.1016/0957-4174(94)00059-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/0957-4174(94)000...
) Determining suicide risk in adolescents, identify predictors, and point out interventions. |
Screening |
Accuracy in determining risk situations, reducing service time, improving data collection and recording. |
It presented organizational, clinical and legal impacts when assessing risks using psychological and behavioral indicators. |
There is no evidence of validity and external reliability. |
Category 2 - Teaching technologies in risk assessment for suicidal behavior
|
Electronic health education system(2424 Ryan K, Tindall C, Strudwick G. Enhancing key competencies of health professionals in the assessment and care of adults at risk of suicide through education and technology. Clin Nurse Spec. 2017;31(5):268-75. doi: 10.1097/NUR.0000000000000322 https://doi.org/10.1097/NUR.000000000000...
) Improving skills for assessment and care for adults at risk of suicide. |
Screening, data navigation and storage |
Increased confidence and knowledge from the multiple approach involving education and technology. It favored good practices, documentation and care planning. |
It resulted in the best performance for assessing suicide and was part of the team at all levels of performance. |
No limitation has been described. |
Clinical simulation(2828 Foster A, Chaudhary N, Murphy J, Lok B, Waller J, Buckley PF. The use of simulation to teach suicide risk assessment to health profession trainees: rationale, methodology, and a proof of concept demonstration with a virtual patient. Acad Psychiatry. 2015;39(6):620-9. doi: 10.1007/s40596-014-0185-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40596-014-0185-...
) Developing and applying interactive virtual patient for risk assessment for suicide. |
Screening |
The contributions expressed an improvement in knowledge, communication skills and performance for risk assessment. |
Resource with potential for higher education and permanent education activities. |
It requires material and financial resources to guarantee the realism of the clinical scenario. |
Software – Lifenet(2121 Ferns WJ. Lifenet: a knowledge-based decision support tool for the risk assessment of adolescent suicide. Expert Syst Applic. 1995;9(2):165-76. doi: 10.1016/0957-4174(94)00059-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/0957-4174(94)000...
) Determining suicide risk by identifying predictors. |
Screening, data navigation and storage |
Improved knowledge and skills as well as constituting a data repository and clinical assessments. |
It presented properties favorable to the consistent assessment of patients at risk. |
There is no evidence of external validity. |