Association between social network and functional disability in brazilian elderly

Oliveira-Figueiredo, Danielle Samara Tavares de; Felisbino-Mendes, Mariana Santos; Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0770

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Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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Sumário

ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 74 (3) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0770 copy

Association between social network and functional disability in brazilian elderly

Asociación entre red social y discapacidad funcional en ancianos brasileños

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

to verify the association between social network and functional disability in elderly Brazilians.

Methods:

a cross-sectional study with secondary data of 11,177 elderly people, available on Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics’ website. Social network components were having trusted friends/relative, living with their spouse, practicing social activity, performing voluntary or paid work. The outcome was functional disability, measured by the difficulty in performing instrumental and basic activities of daily living. Logistic regression models were used.

Results:

disability prevalence for instrumental activities was 28.0% (95%CI: 26.7-29.4), and for basic activities, 15.5% (95%CI: 14.4-16.6). Not having components social network components was associated with greater chances of functional disability, especially among women.

Conclusion:

there was an association between not having social network components with functional disability. There are differences in this association according to sex. Strengthening actions that expand social network can reduce the chance of this outcome in elderly people.

Descriptors:
Aged; Social Networking; Social Support; Activities of Daily Living; Physical Functional Performance

Social network components	Disability for at least one of the instrumental activities
Social network components	n*	%†	Unadjusted OR ‡	IC95%	Adjusted OR §	IC95%	Adjusted OR ǁ	IC95%
Have friends they can trust
One or more (Ref.)
None	1.050	37.3	1.59	1.34-1.90	1.36	1.11-1.66	1.19	0.96-1.47
Have relatives they can trust
One or more (Ref.)
None	276	34.9	1.2	0.93-1.54	1.33	1.00-1.77	1.13	0.84-1.54
Living with a partner
Yes (Ref.)
No	1.723	38.6	2.3	1.90-2.79	1.84	1.47-2.30	1.89	1.50-2.37
Participation in social activities
Yes (Ref.)
No	1.752	35.6	2.13	1.76-2.59	2.11	1.68-2.66	1.88	1.48-2.39
Paid work
Yes (Ref.)
No	2.116	34.7	5.86	4.15-8.29	3.48	2.30-5.25	3.36	2.26-4.98
Voluntary work
Yes (Ref.)
No	2.102	33.6	3.79	2.67-5.38	2.46	1.63-3.73	1.81	1.16-2.82

Social network components	Disability for at least one of the basic activities
Social network components	n*	%†	Unadjusted OR ‡	IC95%	Adjusted OR §	IC95%	Adjusted OR ǁ	IC95%
Have friends they can trust
One or more (Ref.)
None	527	20.2	1.56	1.26-1.93	1.41	1.10-1.79	1.2	0.93-1.55
Have relatives they can trust
One or more (Ref.)
None	173	22.1	1.51	1.11-2.05	1.61	1.15-2.26	1.43	1.01-2.04
Living with a partner
Yes (Ref.)
No	852	19.9	1.83	1.44-2.33	1.45	1.11-1.90	1.43	1.09-1.87
Participation in social activities
Yes (Ref.)
No	905	19.3	2.29	1.77-2.97	2.36	1.78-3.13	2.09	1.56-2.80
Paid work
Yes (Ref.)
No	1.055	17.9	2.95	1.79-4.87	1.8	1.04-3.11	1.72	1.01-2.94
Voluntary work
Yes (Ref.)
No	1058	17.8	3.59	2.38-5.42	2.56	1.66-3.96	1.79	1.11-2.89

Social network components	Disability for at least one of the instrumental activities
Social network components	n*	% †	Unadjusted OR ‡	IC95%	Adjusted OR §	IC95%	Adjusted OR ǁ	IC95%
Have friends they can trust
One or more (Ref.)
None	519	27.3	1.27	0.95-1.71	1.28	0.98-1.67	1.15	0.88-1.52
Have relatives they can trust
One or more (Ref.)
None	182	29.9	1.29	0.92-1.81	1.55	1.10-2.17	1.38	0.98-1.94
Living with a partner
Yes (Ref.)
No	447	31.4	1.3	0.97-1.75	1.46	1.08-1.98	1.34	0.99-1.82
Participation in social activities
Yes (Ref.)
No	936	26.3	1.28	0.85-1.92	2.30	1.62-3.25	2.23	1.59-3.12
Paid work
Yes (Ref.)
No	960	30.9	3.26	2.07-5.13	3.49	2.41-5.04	3.42	2.34-5.00
Voluntary work
Yes (Ref.)
No	1.033	24.7	1.69	0.88-3.22	1.37	0.73-2.58	1.07	0.56-2.02

Social network components	Disability for at least one of the basic activities
Social network components	n*	% †	Unadjusted OR ‡	IC95%	Adjusted OR §	IC95%	Adjusted OR ǁ	IC95%
Have friends they can trust
One or more (Ref.)
None	316	16	1.27	0.95-1.71	1.14	0.83-1.57	1.08	0.77-1.50
Have relatives they can trust
One or more (Ref.)
None	122	17.1	1.29	0.92-1.81	1.37	0.96-1.96	1.29	0.89-1.87
Living with a partner
Yes (Ref.)
No	268	16.7	1.3	0.97-1.75	1.21	0.87-1.69	1.15	0.82-1.60
Participation in social activities
Yes (Ref.)
No	547	14.7	1.28	0.85-1.92	1.18	0.76-1.84	1.12	0.72-1.76
Paid work
Yes (Ref.)
No	563	17.7	3.26	2.07-5.13	2.00	1.22-3.27	1.97	1.20-3.22
Voluntary work
Yes (Ref.)
No	615	14.6	1.69	0.88-3.23	1.26	0.60-2.64	1.19	0.57-2.47

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[1] Corresponding author: Danielle Samara Tavares de Oliveira Figueiredo. E-mail: daniellesamara@hotmail.com