Factors associated with leisure activities of elderly residents in rural areas

Quantitative cross-sectional study carried out with 258 elderly living in the rural area of Paraná. The collection instrument addressed sociodemographic, economic, and self-reported leisure activities. The association between variables and leisure activities was verified by means of bivariate and multivariate analysis.

Results:

Among the elderly interviewed, 63.9% were female, and 36.1% were male, with an average of 68.3 years old (± 5.8 years). Participation in leisure activities was high (79.8%), and the factors associated with their practice were: marital status, gender, and education.

Conclusion:

Considering that the practice of leisure activities promotes better living and health conditions, we reinforce the need to implement actions and instruments that provide individual and collective leisure in rural areas.

Descriptors:
Aged; Health Services for the Elderly; Rural Communities; Leisure Activities; Rural Population

	Leisure Activities			OR gross	95% CI	p value
	Yes (n = 206)	No (n = 52)	Total
	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)
Gender				0.48	0.26–0.89	0.015
Female	139 (53.9)	26 (10.1)	165 (63.9)
Male	67 (26)	26 (10.1)	93 (36.1)
Age				0.92	0.50–1.70	0.460
≤ 70 years old	111 (43)	27 (10.5)	138 (53.5)
> 70 years old	95 (36.8)	25 (9.7)	120 (46.5)
Marital status				3.52	1.86–6.65	0.000
Partner	138 (53.5)	19 (7.4)	157 (60.9)
No partner	68 (26.4)	33 (12.8)	101 (39.1)
Education				2.64	1.16–5.97	0.020
up to 4 years of study	19 (7.4)	11 (4.3)	30 (11.6)
≥ 4 years of study	187 (72.5)	41 (15.9)	228 (88.4)
Income				0.45	0.24–0.84	0.010
≤ 2 minimum wages	145 (56.2)	27 (10.5)	172 (66.7)
> 2 minimum wages	61 (23.6)	25 (9.7)	86 (33.3)

Leisure Activities	Male (n = 67)		Female (n = 139)		Total (n = 206)		p value
Leisure Activities	F	%	F	%	F	%	p value
Activities							0.014
Physical	21	31.3	82^* * Significant difference between genders for p <0.05 (chi-square with Yates correction).	58.1	103	46.2
Crafts / Arts	20	29.8	27	19.2	47	21.1
Intellectual	6	8.9	12	8.5	17	7.6
Associative	64^† † Significant difference between the genders for p <0.05 (Fisher’s exact test).	95.5	97	68.8	161	72.2
Tourism	6	7.3	22	15.6	28	12.6
Frequency							0.142
Once a week	31	33.4	57	34.5	88	34.1
Twice a week	26	27.9	51	31.0	77	29.8
3 times a week or more	36	38.7	57	34.5	93	36.1
Duration							0.599
up to 1 hour	9	9.7	12	7.3	21	8.1
1 to 2 hours	28	30.1	63	38.2	91	35.3
≥ 2 hours	56	60.2	90	54.5	146	56.6

Variables	Model 0	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4
Variables	OR _adjusted	OR _adjusted	OR _adjusted	OR _adjusted	OR _adjusted
	3.962
	p 0.000
Marital status		0.28	0.31	0.34	0.37
Marital status		p 0.000	p 0.002	p 0.004	p 0.007
Income			1.30	0.34	1.59
Income			p 0.457	p 0.301	p 0.211
Gender				2.06	1.94
Gender				p 0.028	p 0.047
Education					0.42
Education					p 0.049

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[1] Corresponding author: Erica de Brito Pitilin E-mail: erica.pitilin@gmail.com