Desgaste por empatía en el contexto de los profesionales de salud y estrategias de enfrentamiento: scoping review

Jilou, Vivian; Duarte, Joyce Mara Gabriel; Gonçalves, Rosa Helena Aparecida; Vieira, Edson Elias; Simões, Ana Lúcia de Assis

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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Brasil

Español English

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Sumário

REVIEW • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 74 (5) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0628 copiar

Desgaste por empatía en el contexto de los profesionales de salud y estrategias de enfrentamiento: scoping review

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivos:

identificar el estado actual del conocimiento sobre desgaste por empatía en el contexto laboral de profesionales de salud; y como las estrategias de enfrentamiento se establecen en ese escenario.

Métodos:

scoping review con búsqueda aplicada en las bases de datos: MEDLINE, LILACS, CINAHL, Scopus. Límite temporal: 2009 a 2019. Datos analizados y sintetizados de manera narrativa.

Resultados:

seleccionaron 30 artículos, sintetizados en dos categorías: a) Trabajo en salud y desgaste por empatía: análisis conceptual, contexto y manifestaciones; b) Estrategias de enfrentamiento del desgaste por empatía.

Conclusiones:

estudio presentó: un panorama descriptivo y general sobre desgaste por empatía en profesionales de salud, identificando una mayor consolidación del concepto entre 2015 y 2018; y algunas estrategias de enfrentamiento. Resaltando la relación entre salud y espiritualidad como una de las estrategias en ese escenario, posibilitando que nuevas investigaciones sean realizadas delante importancia del tema en la vida, en el trabajo en salud.

Descriptores:
Desgaste por Empatía; Personal de Salud; Adaptación Psicológica; Trabajo; Revisión

Population (P):

"Health Personnel" [Mesh] OR "Personnel, Health" OR "Health Care" OR "Providers" OR "Health Care Provider" OR "Provider, Health Care" OR "Providers, Health Care" OR "Healthcare Providers" OR "Healthcare Provider" OR "Provider, Healthcare" OR "Providers, Healthcare" OR "Fieldworkers" OR "Fieldworker" OR "Field Workers" OR "Field Worker" OR "Worker, Field" OR "Workers, Field"

Concept (C):

"Compassion Fatigue" [Mesh] OR "Fatigue, Compassion" OR "Vicarious Trauma" OR "Trauma, Vicarious" OR "Traumas, Vicarious" OR "Vicarious Traumas" OR "Secondary Trauma" OR "Secondary Traumas" OR "Trauma, Secondary" OR "Traumas, Secondary" OR "Secondary Traumatization" OR "Secondary Traumatizations" OR "Traumatization, Secondary" OR "Traumatizations, Secondary" OR "Secondary Traumatic Stress" OR "Stress, Secondary Traumatic" OR "Stresses, Secondary Traumatic" OR "Traumatic Stress, Secondary" OR "Vicarious Traumatization" OR "Traumatization, Vicarious"

Context (C):

"Adaptation, Psychological" [Mesh] OR "Adaptation, Psychologic" OR "Psychologic Adaptation" OR "Psychological Adaptation" OR "Coping Behavior" OR "Behavior, Coping" OR "Behaviors, Coping" OR "Coping Behaviors" OR "Coping Skills" OR "Coping Skill" OR "Skill, Coping" OR "Skills, Coping" OR "Behavior, Adaptive" OR "Adaptive Behavior" OR "Adaptive Behaviors" OR "Behaviors, Adaptive"

	Data base	Title	Author	Methodological design	Year	Country of origin of the study	Sample	CF Assessment Instrument	Confrontation Strategy
A1	MEDLINE	Reducing Compassion Fatigue in Inpatient Pediatric Oncology Nurses	Sullivan, King, Holdiness, Durrell, Roberts, Spencer⁽¹⁶16 Sullivan CE, King AR, Holdiness J, Durrell J, Roberts KK, Spencer C, et al. Reducing compassion fatigue in inpatient pediatric oncology nurses. Oncol Nurs Forum.2019; 46(3):338-47. https://doi.org/10.1188/19.ONF.338-347 https://doi.org/10.1188/19.ONF.338-347... ⁾.	Quantitative - Quasi-experimental	2019	USA	59 nurses - pediatric oncology unit	ProQOL V (STAMM)	Organizational interventions: self-care, health and wellness, spiritual assistance, break room
A2	MEDLINE	Caring for the caregivers: Evaluation of the effect of an eight-week pilot mindful self-compassion (MSC) training program on nurses' compassion fatigue and resilience	Delaney⁽¹⁷17 Delaney MC. Caring for the caregivers: Evaluation of the effect of an eight-week pilot mindful self-compassion (MSC) training program on nurses' compassion fatigue and resilience. PLoS One. 2018;13(11):e0207261. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207261 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.020... ⁾.	Mixed method - phenomenology and quantitative	2018	United Kingdom	13 nurses - various sectors of the hospital	ProQOL V (STAMM)	Intervention for self-compassionate improvement
A3	MEDLINE	Compassion fatigue in nursing: A concept analysis	Peters⁽¹⁸18 Peters E. Compassion fatigue in nursing: a concept analysis. Nurs Forum. 2018;53(4):466-80. https://doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12274 https://doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12274... ⁾.	Literature Review - Conceptual Analysis	2018	USA	26 selected articles	-	-
A4	MEDLINE	Cognitive reactions of nurses exposed to cancer patients' traumatic experiences: A qualitative study to identify triggers of the onset of compassion fatigue	Fukumor, Miyazaki, Takaba, Taniguchi, Asa ⁽¹⁹19 Fukumori T, Miyazaki A, Takaba C, Taniguchi S, Asai M. Cognitive reactions of nurses exposed to cancer patients' traumatic experiences: a qualitative study to identify triggers of the onset of compassion fatigue. Psycho-Oncology. 2017;27(2):620-5. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.4555 https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.4555... ⁾.	Qualitative Semi-structured interview	2018	Japan	30 nurses from six cancer hospitals	-	-
A5	MEDLINE	Integrative Review of Facility Interventions to Manage Compassion Fatigue in Oncology Nurses	Wentzel, Brysiewicz⁽²⁰20 Wentzel D, Brysiewicz P. Integrative review of facility interventions to manage compassion fatigue in oncology Nurses. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2017;44(3):E124-40. https://doi.org/10.1188/17.onf.e124-e140 https://doi.org/10.1188/17.onf.e124-e140... ⁾	Integrative review	2017	South Africa	-	-	-
A6	MEDLINE	Palliative care professionals' care and compassion for self and others: a narrative review	Mills, Wand, Fraser⁽²¹21 Mills J, Wand T, Fraser JA. Palliative care professionals' care and compassion for self and others: a narrative review. Int J Palliat Nurs. 2017;23(5):219-29. https://doi.org/10.12968/ijpn.2017.23.5.219 https://doi.org/10.12968/ijpn.2017.23.5.... ⁾.	Narrative review	2017	Australia	-	-	-
A7	MEDLINE	Compassion Fatigue among Healthcare, Emergency and Community Service Workers: A Systematic Review	Cocker, Joss⁽²²22 Cocker F, Joss N. Compassion fatigue among healthcare, emergency and community service workers: a systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016;13(6):E618. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13060618 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13060618... ⁾.	Systematic review	2016	Australia	13 selected articles	-	-
A8	MEDLINE	Perceived Quality of Work Life and Risk for Compassion Fatigue Among Oncology Nurses: A Mixed-Methods Study	Giarelli, Denigris, Fisher, Maley, Nolan⁽²³23 Giarelli E, Denigris J, Fisher K, Maley M, Nolan E. Perceived quality of work life and risk for compassion fatigue among oncology nurses: a mixed-methods study. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2016;43(3):E121-31. https://doi.org/10.1188/16.onf.e121-e131 https://doi.org/10.1188/16.onf.e121-e131... ⁾.	Mixed Method - Self-report questionnaire and interview	2016	USA	20 oncology nurses	ProQOL V (STAMM)	-
A9	MEDLINE	The Prevalence of Compassion Fatigue and Burnout among Healthcare Professionals in Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review	Van Mol, Kompanje, Benoit, Bakker, Nijkamp⁽²⁴24 Van Mol MMC, Kompanje EJO, Benoit DD, Bakker J, Nijkamp MD. The prevalence of compassion fatigue and burnout among healthcare professionals in intensive care units: a systematic review. PLoS One. 2015;10(8):e0136955. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136955 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.013... ⁾.	Systematic review	2015	The Netherlands/ Belgium	30 selected articles	-	-
A10	MEDLINE	A pilot study examining the impact of care provider support program on resiliency, coping, and compassion fatigue in military health care providers	Weidlich, Ugarriza⁽²⁵25 Weidlich CP, Ugarriza DN. A pilot study examining the impact of care provider support program on resiliency, coping, and compassion fatigue in military health care providers. Mil Med. 2015;180(3):290-5. https://doi.org/10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00216 https://doi.org/10.7205/MILMED-D-14-0021... ⁾.	Quantitative - Prospective cohort study	2015	USA	93 military and civilian nurses and doctors at an Army Medical Center (28 returned questionnaires)	ProQOL V (STAMM)	Army professional support group training in resilience
A11	MEDLINE	Palliative Care Professionals' Inner Life: Exploring the Relationships Among Awareness, Self-Care, and Compassion Satisfaction and Fatigue, Burnout, and Coping With Death	Sansó, Galiana, Oliver, Pascual, Sinclair, Benito⁽²⁶26 Sansó N, Galiana L, Oliver A, Pascual A, Sinclair S, Benito E. Palliative care professionals' inner life: exploring the relationships among awareness, self-care, and compassion satisfaction and fatigue, burnout, and coping with death. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2015;50(2):200-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2015.02.013 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.20... ⁾.	Quantitative Cross-sectional study with application of a questionnaire	2015	Spain	385 professionals (doctors, nurses, psychologists, nursing assistants, and social workers)	ProQOL IV (STAMM)	-
A12	MEDLINE	Stress, burnout, compassion fatigue, and mental health in hospice workers in Minnesota	Whitebird, Asche, Thompson, Rossom, Heinrich⁽²⁷27 Whitebird RR, Asche SE, Thompson GL, Rossom R, Heinrich R. Stress, Burnout, Compassion Fatigue, and Mental Health in Hospice Workers in Minnesota. J Palliat Med., 2013;16(12):1534-9. https://doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2013.0202 https://doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2013.0202... ⁾.	Quantitative - Cross-sectional study with application of a questionnaire	2013	USA	557 staff members from 13 palliative care programs	ProQOL RIII (STAMM)	-
A13	MEDLINE	Personal factors related to compassion fatigue in health professionals	Zeidner, Hadar, Matthews, Roberts⁽²⁸28 Zeidner M, Hadar D, Matthews G, Roberts RD. Personal factors related to compassion fatigue in health professionals. Anxiety Stress Coping. 2013;26(6):595-609. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2013.777045 https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2013.77... ⁾.	Quantitative Cross-sectional study with application of a questionnaire	2013	Israel	182 participants (89 mental health professionals and 93 physicians)	ProQOL RIII (STAMM)	-
A14	MEDLINE	Evaluation of a compassion fatigue resiliency program for oncology nurses	Potter, Deshields, Berger, Clarke, Olsen, Chen⁽⁶6 Potter P, Deshields T, Berger JA, Clarke M, Olsen S, Chen L. Evaluation of a compassion fatigue resiliency program for oncology nurses. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2013;40(2):180-7. https://doi.org/10.1188/13.ONF.180-187 https://doi.org/10.1188/13.ONF.180-187... ⁾.	Quantitative - Quasi-experimental	2013	USA	13 outpatient oncology nurses	ProQOL IV (STAMM)	Enfrentamento por meio da resiliência
A15	MEDLINE	Compassion fatigue in nurses	Yoder⁽²⁹29 Yoder EA. Compassion fatigue in nurses. Appl Nurs Res. 2010;23(4):191-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2008.09.003 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2008.09.0... ⁾.	Mixed Method - Interview and questionnaire	2010	USA	106 home care, emergency care, ICU, and oncology nurses	ProQOL IV (STAMM)	-
A16	MEDLINE	Compassion satisfaction, burnout, and compassion fatigue among emergency nurses compared with nurses in other selected inpatient specialties	Hooper, Craig, Janvrin, Wetsel, Reimels⁽³⁰30 Hooper C, Craig J, Janvrin DR, Wetsel MA, Reimels E. Compassion satisfaction, burnout, and compassion fatigue among emergency nurses compared with nurses in other selected inpatient specialties. J Emerg Nurs. 2010;36(5):420-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2009.11.027 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2009.11.02... ⁾.	Quantitative - Cross-sectional	2010	USA	114 emergency, oncology, nephrology, and intensive care nurses	ProQOL IV (STAMM)	-
A17	MEDLINE	Compassion fatigue: a nurse's primer	Lombardo, Eyre⁽³¹31 Lombardo B, Eyre C. Compassion fatigue: a nurse's primer. Online J Issues Nurs. 2011;16(1):3. https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol16No01Man03 https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol16No01Ma... ⁾.	Qualitative - Case Study	2011	USA	Two case studies with a reactive and a proactive nurse	-	-
A18	MEDLINE	The experience of secondary traumatic stress upon care providers working within a children's hospital	Robins, Meltzer, Zelikovsky⁽³²32 Robins PM, Meltzer L, Zelikovsky N. The experience of secondary traumatic stress upon care providers working within a children's hospital. J Pediatr Nurs. 2009;24(4):270-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2008.03.007 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2008.03.0... ⁾.	Quantitative - Questionnaire application	2009	USA	314 health professionals (doctors, nurses, psychologists, social workers, speech therapists, occupational therapy, physiotherapy)	Escala de FC (FIGLEY; STAMM, 1996)[	-
A19	CINAHL	Compassion Fatigue in Military Healthcare Teams	Owen, Wanzer⁽³³33 Owen RP, Wanzer L. Compassion fatigue in military healthcare teams. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2014;28(1):2-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2013.09.007 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2013.09.0... ⁾.	Systematic review	2014	USA	25 selected articles	-	-
A20	MEDLINE	Compassion Fatigue Among Palliative Care Clinicians: Findings on Personality Factors and Years of Service	O'Mahony, Ziadni, Hoerger, Levine, Baron, Gerhart⁽³⁴34 O'Mahony S, Ziadni M, Hoerger M, Levine S, Baron A, Gerhart J. Compassion fatigue among palliative care clinicians: findings on personality factors and years of service. Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2018;35(2):343-7. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049909117701695 https://doi.org/10.1177/1049909117701695... ⁾.	Quantitativo - Aplicação de questionário	2018	USA	66 professionals (doctors, nurses, social workers, chaplains and other palliative care professionals)	ProQOL V (STAMM)	-
A21	MEDLINE	Quality of Life and Compassion Satisfaction in Clinicians: A Pilot Intervention Study for Reducing Compassion Fatigue	Klein, Riggenbach-Hays, Sollenberger, Harney, McGarvey⁽³⁵35 Klein CJ, Riggenbach-Hays JJ, Sollenberger LM, Harney DM, McGarvey JS. Quality of life and compassion satisfaction in clinicians: a pilot intervention study for reducing compassion fatigue. Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2018;35(6):882-8. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049909117740848 https://doi.org/10.1177/1049909117740848... ⁾.	Quantitative - Quasi-experimental	2018	USA	15 doctors, nurses and counselors	ProQOL V (STAMM)	Mindfulness training program for stress reduction with three 90-minute sessions
A22	MEDLINE	An Evolutionary Concept Analysis of Compassion Fatigue	Sorenson, Bolick, Wright, Hamilton⁽³⁶36 Sorenson C, Bolick B, Wright K, Hamilton R. An evolutionary concept analysis of compassion fatigue. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2017;49(5):557-63. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12312 https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12312... ⁾.	Literature review - Rodgers Evolutionary Model	2017	USA	15 selected articles	-	-
A23	MEDLINE	Reducing the "cost of caring" in cancer care: Evaluation of a pilot interprofessional compassion fatigue resiliency programme	Pfaff, Freeman-Gibb, Patrick, DiBiase, Moretti⁽³⁷37 Pfaff KA, Freeman-Gibb L, Patrick LJ, DiBiase R, Moretti O. Reducing the "cost of caring" in cancer care: evaluation of a pilot interprofessional compassion fatigue resiliency programme. J Interprof Care. 2017;31(4):512-9. https://doi.org/10.1080/13561820.2017.1309364 https://doi.org/10.1080/13561820.2017.13... ⁾.	Mixed method	2017	Canada	Quantitative (n = 32) and qualitative (n = 12) of an interprofessional team	ProQOL V (STAMM)	Resilience training program on CF
A24	MEDLINE	Compassion Fatigue and Mindfulness: Comparing Mental Health Professionals and MSW Student Interns	Brown, Ong, Mathers, Decker⁽³⁸38 Brown JLC, Ong J, Mathers JM, Decker JT. Compassion fatigue and mindfulness: comparing mental health professionals and MSW student interns. J Evid-Inf Soc Work. 2017;14(3):119-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/23761407.2017.1302859 https://doi.org/10.1080/23761407.2017.13... ⁾.	Quantitative - Questionnaire application	2017	USA	40 Mental Health America (MHA) staff and 111 MSW interns	ProQOL BH (STAMM)	-
A25	MEDLINE	Compassion Satisfaction, Compassion Fatigue, and Burnout in Spain and Brazil: ProQOL Validation and Cross-cultural Diagnosis	Galiana, Arena, Oliver, Sansó, Benito⁽³⁹39 Galiana L, Arena F, Oliver A, Sansó N, Benito E. Compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, and burnout in Spain and Brazil: Proqol validation and cross-cultural diagnosis. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2017;53(3):598-604. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2016.09.014 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.20... ⁾.	Quantitative - Cross sectional study	2017	Brazil/ Spain	161 Brazilian and 385 Spanish palliative care professionals	ProQOL BH (STAMM)	-
A26	MEDLINE	Compassion fatigue: A meta-narrative review of the healthcare literature	Sinclair, Raffin-Bouchal, Venturato, Mijovic-Kondejewski, Smith-MacDonald⁽⁴⁰40 Sinclair S, Raffin-Bouchal S, Venturato L, Mijovic-Kondejewski J, Smith-MacDonald L. Compassion fatigue: a meta-narrative review of the healthcare literature. Int J Nurs Stud. 2017; 69:9-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.01.003 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.... ⁾.	Metanarrative review	2017	Canada	90 selected studies	-	-
A27	MEDLINE	The Impact of Combat Deployment on Health Care Provider Burnout in a Military Emergency Department: A Cross-Sectional Professional Quality of Life Scale V Survey Study	Cragun, April; Thaxton⁽⁴¹41 Cragun JN, April D, Thaxton RE. The impact of combat deployment on health care provider burnout in a military emergency department: a cross-sectional professional quality of life scale v survey study. Mil Med. 2016;181(8):730-4. https://doi.org/10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00420 https://doi.org/10.7205/MILMED-D-15-0042... ⁾.	Quantitative -Cross sectional study	2016	USA	105 professionals (diagnostic technicians, nurses) and 33 physicians	ProQOL BH (STAMM)	-
A28	MEDLINE	Understanding Compassion Fatigue in Healthcare Providers: A Review of Current Literature	Sorenson, Bolick, Wright, Hamilton⁽⁴²42 Sorenson C, Bolick B, Wright, Hamilton R. Understanding compassion fatigue in healthcare providers: a review of current literature. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2016;48(5):456-65. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12229 https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12229... ⁾.	Integrative review	2016	USA	43 artigos selecionados	-	-
A29	MEDLINE	The Relationship between the Supervision Role and Compassion Fatigue and Burnout in Genetic Counseling	Allsbrook, Atzinger, He, Engelhard, Yager, Wusik⁽⁴³43 Allsbrook K, Atzinger C, He H, Engelhard C, Yager G, Wusik K. The Relationship between the Supervision Role and Compassion Fatigue and Burnout in Genetic Counseling. J Genet Couns. 2016;25(6):1286-97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10897-016-9970-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10897-016-9970-... ⁾.	Quantitative - Questionnaire application	2016	USA	391 genetic counselors	ProQOL (STAMM)	-
A30	MEDLINE	Who is at risk for compassion fatigue? An investigation of genetic counselor demographics, anxiety, compassion satisfaction, and Burnout	Lee, Veach, MacFarlan, LeRoy⁽⁴⁴44 Lee W, Veach PM, MacFarlane IM, LeRoy BS. Who is at risk for compassion fatigue? An investigation of genetic counselor demographics, anxiety, compassion satisfaction, and burnout. J Genet Couns. 2015; 24(2):358-70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10897-014-9716-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10897-014-9716-... ⁾.	Mixed Method - Questionnaire and interview	2015	USA	402 genetic counselors	ProQOL V (STAMM)	-

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[1] Corresponding author: Vivian Jilou. E-mail: vivianjilou@yahoo.com.br