Effect of nursing telemonitoring on the knowledge of obese women: clinical trial

Mussi, Fernanda Carneiro; Palmeira, Catia Suely; Santos, Carlos Antonio de Souza Teles; Guimarães, Armenio Costa; Lima, Maria de Lourdes; Nascimento, Taise Santos do

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0500

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Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 72 (suppl 3) • Dec 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0500 copy

Effect of nursing telemonitoring on the knowledge of obese women: clinical trial

Resultado del telemonitoreo de enfermería en el conocimiento de mujeres obesas: un ensayo clínico

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To assess the effectiveness of remote monitoring in the knowledge of overweight women.

Method:

Randomized clinical trial with 101 women, randomly assigned to the control group (CG=50) and to the intervention group (IG=51). The IG received educational intervention over the telephone, during three months and routine follow-up in the service, while the CG only received conventional follow-up. The knowledge was assessed by a specific questionnaire. Data were analyzed by the Robust Linear Regression Model, adopting a statistical significance of 5%.

Results:

In the intragroup assessment, an increase in the correct answers with a statistically significant difference was observed only for the IG in the domains: “Concept and causes of overweight,” “Complications of overweight” and “Eating habits.” In the intergroup comparison, an increase in the average knowledge was verified in the same domains for the IG (p≤0.005).

Conclusion:

nursing telemonitoring contributed positively to the improvement of women’s knowledge.

Descriptors:
Obesity; Knowledge, Health Education; Telenursing; Clinical Trial

Questions	Frequency of correct answers
	CG		p value^* * P value obtained by the Pearson Chi-square Test.	IG		p value^* * P value obtained by the Pearson Chi-square Test.
	Before (n = 50) %	After (n = 42) %		Before (n = 51) %	After (n = 38) %
Domain: concept and cause of overweight
Obesity is considered a disease	96.0	97.6	0.667	96.0	100.0	0.000
Relationship between overweight and genetics (heredity)	74.0	67.4	0.487	68.6	89.5	0.019
Relationship between overweight and eating habits	96.0	97.7	0.645	92.2	97.4	0.291
Relationship between overweight and physical activity	86.0	88.4	0.732	90.2	97.4	0.180
Domain: Overweight complications
Hypertension may be related to being overweight	86.0	95.3	0.134	92.2	100.0	0.078
Diabetes may be related to being overweight	70.0	88.4	0.032	78.4	94.7	0.031
Problems in bones and muscles, osteoarthritis and spinal pain may be related to being overweight	90.0	93.0	0.609	90.2	100.0	0.047
Sleep disorder may be related to being overweight	80.0	60.5	0.039	74.5	84.2	0.271

Questions	Frequency of correct answers
	GC		p value^* * P value obtained by the Pearson Chi-square Test.	GI		p value^* * P value obtained by the Pearson Chi-square Test.
	Before (n = 50) %	After (n = 42) %		Before (n = 51) %	After (n = 38) %
Domain: measures related to eating habits
To eat three main meals a day and three more snacks in the intervals helps lose and control weight	80.0	81.4	0.865	84.3	97.4	0.042
Less than three meals a day helps lose and control weight	74.0	83.7	0.259	80.4	94.7	0.051
The amount of food consumed in meals influences weight control	88.0	88.4	0.952	92.2	100.0	0.078
Ideal number of meals per day to control weight	76.0	88.4	0.125	74.5	78.9	0.630
To lose weight in a healthy way one should only eat salads and vegetables	96.0	93.0	0.525	82.4	92.1	0.186
To lose weight in a healthy way one should eat varied foods including salads, vegetables, fruits, cereals, grains and meats in adequate portions	96.0	100.0	0.190	98.0	100.0	0.380
Replacing meals such as lunch and dinner for snacks (sandwiches, salads etc.) helps reduce weight in a healthy way	98.0	100.0	0.356	94.1	100.0	0.127
Food preparation techniques to lose weight	96.0	100.0	0.190	100.0	97.4	0.251
Frequency of small consumption of pies, butter and sandwich cookies for weight control <3 times a week	90.0	97.7	0.135	88.2	97.4	0.111
Domain: Measures related to physical activity
The practice of physical activity alone is enough to lose weight	94.0	95.3	0.783	94.1	100.0	0.127
The ideal way to lose weight is to perform moderate physical activity, 3 to 5 times a week >30 minutes/day	92.0	95.3	0.522	100.0	94.7	0.999
To walk 2 hours straight in a single day of the week has the same benefit as walking 30 minutes every day	86.0	93.0	0.281	94.1	97.4	0.458

Domains	Intragroup Comparison								Intergroup Comparison
	Control Group				Intervention Group
	Before (n = 50) X (SD)	After (n = 43) X (SD)	Coef.^* * Coefficient; (SE)^ Standard error;	p value^* ***** p value obtained by the Robust Linear Regression Model.	Before (n = 51) X (SD)	After (n = 38) X (SD)	Coef.^* * Coefficient; (SE)^ Standard error;	p value^* ***** p value obtained by the Robust Linear Regression Model.	Coef.^* * Coefficient; (SE)^ Standard error;	p value^* ***** p value obtained by the Robust Linear Regression Model.
Concept and causes	3.5 (0.6)	3.5 (0.6)	- 0.01 (0.13)	0.948	3.5 (0.8)	3.8 (0.4)	0.38 (0.14)	0.007	0.33 (0.11)	0.005
Complications	3.3 (1.1)	3.4 (0.7)	0.11 (0.19)	0.565	3.3 (1.1)	3.8 (0.5)	0.43 (0.17)	0.010	0.42 (0.14)	0.004
Eating habits	8.0 (1.4)	8.3 (1.1)	0.34 (0.26)	0.190	7.9 (1.5)	8.6 (0.6)	0.64 (0.23)	0.008	0.25 (0.19)	0.191
Physical activity	2.7 (0.5)	2.8 (0.4)	0.12 (0.10)	0.227	2.9 (0.3)	2.9 (0.3)	0.04 (0.06)	0.544	0.08 (0.08)	0.295

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[1] Corresponding Author: Fernanda Carneiro Mussi. E-mail: femussi@uol.com.br