Intervenciones de enfermería para capacitar al cuidador familiar de una persona con amputación de miembro inferior: revisión de alcance

Rodrigues, Diana Fonseca; Castanheira, Fabiana Sofia Ferreira Machado; Carvalho, António Luís Rodrigues Faria de; Pinto, Cristina Maria Correia Barroso

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Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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Sumário

REVIEW • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 77 (1) • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2023-0264 copiar

Intervenciones de enfermería para capacitar al cuidador familiar de una persona con amputación de miembro inferior: revisión de alcance

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivos:

mapear intervenciones de enfermería que capaciten al cuidador familiar de la persona con amputación de miembro inferior para su rol.

Métodos:

es una revisión de alcance guiada por la metodología del Instituto Joanna Briggs, llevada a cabo en diferentes bases de datos (incluyendo literatura gris).

Resultados:

se tuvieron en cuenta seis estudios publicados entre 2009 y 2021, a saber: intervenciones de asesoramiento y apoyo para pacientes y familiares; intervenciones de apoyo entre iguales realizadas por un par de profesionales certificados; participación de cuidadores o familiares en grupos de apoyo e intervenciones clave para el equilibrio psicológico del paciente y del cuidador familiar. Dos estudios analizaron la importancia de la formación del cuidador y del amputado y del desarrollo de habilidades de afrontamiento. Otro estudio recomendó intervenciones de apoyo informativo para los cuidadores en relación con el cuidado del amputado y su adaptación a la vida hogareña.

Conclusiones:

los resultados de esta revisión permiten identificar recomendaciones/directrices para la práctica y recomendaciones/sugerencias de intervenciones según las necesidades identificadas de los cuidadores familiares de pacientes con amputación de miembros inferiores.

Descriptores:
Amputación; Empoderamiento; Familiar Cuidador; Miembro Inferior; Enfermería

Search Strategy	Databases	Results
TI ( (Caregiver^* OR “Care Giver^” OR “Carer^”) AND (“Lower Extremit^” OR “Lower Limb^” OR “Membrum inferius”) AND (“Amputat^”) AND (nursing OR intervention^ OR strateg^* OR program^) ) OR SU ( (Caregiver^ OR “Care Giver^” OR “Carer^”) AND (“Lower Extremit^” OR “Lower Limb^” OR “Membrum inferius”) AND (“Amputat^”) AND (nursing OR intervention^ OR strateg^* OR program^) ) OR AB ( (Caregiver^ OR “Care Giver^” OR “Carer^”) AND (“Lower Extremit^” OR “Lower Limb^” OR “Membrum inferius”) AND (“Amputat^”) AND (nursing OR intervention^ OR strateg^* OR program^*) )	MEDLINE Complete (EBSCO)	10
	CINAHL Complete (EBSCO)	7
	Supplemental Index (EBSCO)	7
	OpenAIRE (EBSCO)	7
	Complementary Index (EBSCO)	3
	Academic Search Complete (EBSCO)	3
	SPORTDiscus with Full Text (EBSCO)	2
	Gale Health and Wellness (EBSCO)	1
	OAIster (EBSCO)	1
	Science Direct (EBSCO)	2
	Scielo (EBSCO)	1
	RCAAP (via EBSCO)	5
TITLE-ABS-KEY ((caregiver^* OR “Care Giver^” OR “Carer^”) AND (“Lower Extremit^” OR “Lower Limb^” OR “Membrum inferius”) AND (“Amputat^”) AND (nursing OR intervention^ OR strateg^* OR program^*))	Scopus	20
TS=((Caregiver^* OR “Care Giver^” OR “Carer^”) AND (“Lower Extremit^” OR “Lower Limb^” OR “Membrum inferius”) AND (“Amputat^”) AND (nursing OR intervention^ OR strateg^* OR program^*))	Web of Science	20
(Caregiver^* OR “Care Giver^” OR “Carer^”) AND (“Lower Extremit^” OR “Lower Limb^” OR “Membrum inferius”) AND (“Amputat^”) AND (nursing OR intervention^ OR strateg^* OR program^*)	Google Schoolar	17
	Trip	5

Author(s) (year) Country	Methodology (Study Design)	LE^*	Participants	Interventions	Duration/ frequency of intervention	Intervention Context
Tivey et al. (2015)(²³23 Tivey D, Duncan J, Scarfe A, Lambert R, Cameron A. Amputee care standards: an Evidence Check rapid review brokered by the Sax Institute for the NSW Ministry of Health [Internet] 2015[cited 2023 Mar 3]. Available from: https://www.saxinstitute.org.au/wp-content/uploads/Amputee-care-standards.pdf https://www.saxinstitute.org.au/wp-conte... ) Australia	Review of Standards evidence or Guidelines.	5	Patients and family members	Set of recommendations: - Adequate and comprehensive psychological and emotional support services for patients and family members. - Peer support and Support group	Start in the preoperative and prolong in the postoperative period	Hospital and home
Randolph et al. (2017)(²⁴24 Randolph B, Webster J, Highsmith MJ. VA/DoD clinical practice guideline for rehabilitation of individuals with lower limb amputation; Department of veterans affairs and Department of Defense: USA [Internet] 2017[cited 2023 Mar 3]. Available from : https://www.healthquality.va.gov/guidelines/Rehab/amp/index.asp https://www.healthquality.va.gov/guideli... ) USA	Clinical practice guidelines based on a systematic review of clinical and epidemiological evidence.	5	Amputees and family members	Set of recommendations: - Facilitate the visit of peers soon after surgery to build a support and support network. - Include family members in the patient’s rehabilitation. - Build and maintain trust, respect and support with the patient and his family.	As early as possible and with follow-up visits,	Hospital and home
Costa et al. (2021)(²⁵25 Costa S, Ferreira J, Leite Â, Pereira MG. Traumatic stress as a mediator of quality of life and burden in informal caregivers of amputees due to diabetic foot: a longitudinal study. Health Psychol Rep. [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2023 Mar 3];9(4):338-48. https://doi.org/10.5114/hpr.2020.101495 https://doi.org/10.5114/hpr.2020.101495... ) Portugal	Longitudinal Study	4	110 family caregivers of amputees due to diabetic foot with type 2 diabetes	- Intervention of Help Relationship in the nursing domain, contributing to the satisfaction of the caregiver’s needs. - Nursing intervention (within the scope of inform - offering systematized information to the caregiver).	According with nurses’ decision (optimal time to begin)	Hospital and home
Costa et al. (2018)(²⁶26 Costa MSA, Machado JC, Pereira MG. Burden changes in caregivers of patients with type 2 diabetes: a longitudinal study. J Adv Nurs [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2023 Mar 3];74(10):2322-30. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29846975/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29846975... ) Portugal	Longitudinal study	4	110 family caregivers of type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic foot undergoing amputation surgery.	- Interventions aimed at training patients and caregivers to collaborate in care. - Social support interventions for the patient and caregiver. - Instrumental support interventions for the patient and caregiver.		Return home
Foss et al. (2009)(²⁷27 Foss MHD, Martins MRI, Martins MID, Godoy JMP. Quality of life of caregivers of lower limb amputees. Rev Neurocienc [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2023 Mar 3];17(1):8-13. Available from: https://periodicos.unifesp.br/index.php/neurociencias/article/view/8597 https://periodicos.unifesp.br/index.php/... ) Brazil	Prospective Study	4	87 family caregivers of lower limb amputees	- Interventions of informative support for the family caregivers about: care for the amputee, adaptations to the home, possibilities of leisure and adequacy of the means of locomotion of the amputee.		Hospital and home
Ganjparvar et al. (2016)(²⁸28 Ganjparvar Z, Mousavi B, Masumi M, Soroush M, Montazeri A. Determinants of quality of life in the caregivers of Iranian war survivors with bilateral lower-limb amputation after more than two decades. Iran J Med Sci [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2023 Mar 3];41(4). Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27365546/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27365546... ) Iran	Cross-sectional study	4	232 family caregivers (wives) of bilateral lower limb amputees	- Interventions aimed to family caregivers training. - Training amputees and family caregivers regarding the social, emotional, and psychological aspects of amputees’ life. - Teach family caregivers coping strategies for psychosocial problems. - Social support for amputee and caregiver. - Promote rehabilitation Programs.	Long life Support	Hospital and home

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[1] Corresponding author: Diana Fonseca Rodrigues, E-mail: dianfr@gmail.com