Factors associated with the development of diabetes mellitus in older caregivers

Ottaviani, Ana Carolina; Rossetti, Estefani Serafim; Terassi, Mariélli; Brigola, Allan Gustavo; Luchesi, Bruna Moretti; Souza, Érica Nestor; Oliveira, Nathalia Alves de; Inouye, Keika; Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost; Orlandi, Fabiana de Souza

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0590

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Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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Sumário

ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 72 (suppl 2) • Nov 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0590 copy

Factors associated with the development of diabetes mellitus in older caregivers

Factores asociados al desarrollo de diabetes mellitus en ancianos cuidadores

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

evaluate the factors associated with the risk of diabetes mellitus in older caregivers.

Method:

this is a cross-sectional study conducted with 326 older caregivers enrolled in Family Health Units. Data were collected using a sociodemographic characterization questionnaire, clinical and care information, and the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score to assess the risk of developing diabetes.

Results:

35.5% of the caregivers presented a high risk of developing diabetes. The factors associated with the risk of developing diabetes were: use of medication (OR = 3.88), satisfactory or poor health assessment (OR = 1.72), and the fact of being female (OR = 0.48).

Conclusion:

more than one third of older caregivers present high risk of developing diabetes. Therefore, being female, living with other people, using medication, and having a poor health assessment are factors associated with increased risk of developing diabetes.

Descriptors:
Caregivers; Aging; Health of the Elderly; Primary Health Care; Disease Prevention

Variable	n	%
Sex
Female	248	76.1
Male	78	23.9
Age (years)
60-69	188	57.7
70-79	101	31.0
≥ 80	37	11.3
Marital status
Married	294	90.2
Not married	32	9.8
School education
Illiterate	72	22.1
Adult literacy course	11	3.4
1-4 years	187	57.4
5-9 years	26	7.9
10 years or more	30	9.2
Income of caregiver (minimum wage)
1	118	36.2
1-2	170	52.1
>2	38	11.7
Number of people living in the same house
1-3	229	70.2
4-6	90	27.7
≥7	7	2.1
Subjective health assessment
Very good	45	13.8
Good	133	40.8
Satisfactory	122	37.4
Poor	26	8.0
Use of medication
Yes	291	89.3
No	35	10.7
Degree of relationship
Spouse	276	84.7
Father/mother	26	8.0
Brother/sister	11	3.4
Father in law/mother in law	7	2.1
Other	6	1.8
Daily care period (hours)
1-4	168	51.5
5-9	84	25.8
≥10	74	22.7

Variable	n	%
Age
60-64	90	27.6
65 or older	236	72.4
Body mass index
Normal	92	28.2
Overweight	118	36.2
Obesity	116	35.6
Abdominal circumference
M <94/ F <80	29	8.9
M 94-102/ F 80-88	38	11.7
M >102/ F >88	259	79.4
Physical activity
Yes	198	60.7
No	128	39.3
Intake of fruits and vegetables
Yes	268	82.2
No	58	17.8
Use of antihypertensive medication
Yes	221	67.8
No	105	32.2
Prior hyperglycemia
Yes	54	16.6
No	272	83.4
Family history of DM
Yes	143	55.2
No	183	44.8
General risk
Low	15	4.6
Mildly moderate	86	26.4
Moderate	87	26.7
High	115	35.3
Very high	23	7.0

Variables	p value	OR	CI (95%)
Use of medication	0.001	3.88	1.74 - 8.64
Self-perception of health condition as satisfactory, poor or very poor	0.027	1.72	1.06 - 2.79
Being female	0.021	0.48	0.26 - 0.89
Number of people who live in the same house	0.024	1.25	1.03 - 1.52
Age	0.013	1.04	1.01 - 1.08
Income	0.831	1.00	1.00 - 1.00

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[1] Corresponding Author: Fabiana de Souza Orlandi. E-mail: forlandi@ufscar.br