Impact of educational intervention on understanding health recommendations after liver transplantation

Amorim, Josely Santana do; Lima, Angela Aparecida de; Lima, Agnaldo Soares

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2023-0132

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Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 77 (03) • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2023-0132 copy

Impact of educational intervention on understanding health recommendations after liver transplantation

El impacto de una intervención educativa sobre la comprensión de las recomendaciones sanitarias stras un trasplante de hígado

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

to evaluate the impact of educational intervention on understanding health recommendations after liver transplantation.

Methods:

randomized and prospective clinical trial, with 68 liver transplant recipients in two institutions. The level of understanding was assessed using a statement agreement scale and the understanding score was classified. Chi-square test was used to compare groups.

Results:

the level of understanding was reasonable in 77.9% of patients, 73.5% in the Control Group and 82.3% in the Intervention Group (p=0.399). For topics covered after educational action, there were more than 80% correct answers regarding nutrition, frequent hydration, usage and function of immunosuppressants. However, there were less than 10% correct answers regarding hand hygiene, contact with animals and crowds of people. The use of the patient’s audio, visual and tactile resources led to improved understanding of skin care (p=0.014).

Conclusions:

the level of understanding acquired regarding health recommendations was only reasonable.

Descriptors:
Health Education; Liver Transplantation; Patient Discharge; Comprehension; Self Care

Provided questions about the guidance	Sa† (n=68)		\|\|CG (n=34)		¶IG (n=34)		p value^* * Chi-square test; †Sa - Sample; ‡ A - Correct; § E - Error; \|\|CG - Control Group; IG - Intervention Group;
Provided questions about the guidance	A‡ n, %	E§ n, %	A‡ n, %	E§ n, %	A‡ n, %	E§ n, %
1) You must follow the nutritionist’s instructions, remembering that you cannot eat fruit with the skin or eat raw vegetables.	63 92.6	5 7.4	33 97.0	1 3.0	30 88.3	4 11.7	0.163
2) You must always wash your hands and rub them with alcohol.	4 5.9	64 94.1	1 3.0	33 97.0	3 8.9	31 91.1	0.303
3) You must work out twice a week in the first three months after the transplant.	38 55.9	30 44.1	17 50.0	17 50.0	21 61.7	13 38.3	0.329
4) You must take all the right medications with the correct dose and at the correct time as prescribed.	67 98,5	1 1.5	33 97.0	1 3.0	34 100	0 -	0.314
5) Before doing blood tests, you can take all medications.	37 54.4	31 45.6	17 50.0	17 50.0	20 58.8	14 41.2	0.465
6) You know that ISS^ ISS - Immunosuppressants. medicines serve to prevent the destruction of the transplanted organ by the body’s defense.	63 92.6	5 7.4	31 91.1	3 8.9	32 94.1	2 5.9	0.642
7) ISS^ ISS - Immunosuppressants. medications can cause increased glucose levels, headache, tremors, insomnia and diarrhea. If this happens, you must inform us during your consultations.	53 77.9	15 22.1	27 79.4	7 20.6	26 76.4	8 23.6	0.770
8) You should avoid closed places with lots of people.	4 5.9	64 94.1	1 3.0	33 97	3 8.9	31 91.1	0.303
9) Contact with newborn children after the Sabin vaccine and sick people is permitted.	47 69.1	21 30.9	21 61.7	13 38.3	26 76.4	8 23.6	0.189
10) It is advisable that you have help to take care of animals, especially cats, dogs and birds, as long as you do not touch them.	6 8.8	62 91.2	4 11.7	30 88.3	2 5.9	32 94.2	0.393
11) It is important that you wear a mask at all times.	27 39.7	41 60.3	13 38.2	21 61.8	14 41.2	20 58.8	0.804
12) It is recommended that you drink plenty of fluids, approximately 3 liters per day.	59 86.8	9 13.2	28 82.4	6 17.6	31 91.1	3 8.9	0.283
13) To keep your skin hydrated, you can use cream daily.	28 41.2	40 58.8	9 26.4	25 73.5	19 55.8	15 44.2	0.014

Variables	Categories	Sample n = 68 (n, %)	Control Grup n=34 (n, %)	Intervention Grup n=34 (n, %)	p value^* * Chi-square test.
Participants' level of understanding of the instructions received	Excellent Reasonable Poor	03 (4.5) 53 (77.9) 12 (17.6)	01 (3.0) 25 (73.5) 08 (23.5)	02 (5.9) 28 (82.3) 04 (11.8)	0.399
Patient's opinion about the guidance received	Adequate Excellent Insufficient	19 (27.9) 47 (69.1) 02 (3.0)	07 (20.6) 26 (76.4) 01 (3.0)	12 (35.3) 21 (61.7) 01 (3.0)	0.397

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[1] Corresponding author: Josely Santana do Amorim, E-mail: joselyamorim1@gmail.com