Violencia auto-referida por estudiantes de enfermería en el contexto de grado

estudio cuantitativo, transversal, desarrollado con 208 estudiantes de grado en Enfermería. Datos obtenidos mediante aplicación de cuestionario tipo survey y tratados por estadística descriptiva y bivariada.

Resultados:

de los participantes, 69,2% (n = 144) ya vivieron alguno tipo de violencia. Actos violentos de naturaleza psicológica fueron los más frecuentes, pero también hubo relatos de violencia física, sexual y de privación o abandono. Violencia ocurrió en ambiente de aprendizaje teórico y práctico. Profesores y colegas de clase fueron los perpetradores más frecuentes. Mayoría de los estudiantes no tuvo reacción, contó para amigos, familiares y colegas o aparentó que nada pasó delante de los actos violentos.

Conclusiones:

la violencia está presente en diversos momentos en el grado en Enfermería y puede impactar negativamente la calidad de la formación en el área.

Descriptores:
Violencia; Aprendizaje; Enfermería; Educación en Enfermería; Estudiantes

	n	%
Age
19 years or more	29	13.9
20 to 24 years	136	65.4
25 to 29 years	26	12.5
30 to 34 years	10	4.8
35 years or more		3.4
Ethnic group
White	154	74.0
Non-white	52	25.1
Did not answer	2	1.0
Gender
Cisgender Woman	185	88.9
Cisgender Man	18	8.7
Queer^* * English term used to designate people who do not identify with the model of heterosexuality or gender binaries.	1	0.5
Did not answer	3	1.4
Other	1	0.5
Sexual orientation
Heterosexual	167	80.3
Not heterosexual	38	18.3
Did not answer	3	1.4
Course semester
2^nd semester	24	11.5
3^rd semester	18	8.7
4^th semester	38	18.3
5^th semester	26	12.5
6^th semester	14	6.7
7^th semester	26	12.5
8^th semester	20	9.6
9^th semester	21	10.1
10^th semester	20	9.6
Did not answer	1	0.5

	Physical	Sexual	Psychological	Deprivation/ Abandonment	Total	%
Frequency
Once	6	2	30	12	50	25.1
2 to 5 times	4	2	73	28	107	53.8
6 to 10 times	0	0	13	6	19	9.5
More than 10 times	0	0	15	8	23	11.6
Total of answers	10	4	131	54	199	100
Context where they suffered violence
Theoretical classes	1	0	54	27	82	30.7
Theoretical and practical classes	4	1	54	24	83	31.1
Internships	6	3	48	22	79	29.6
Other	1	0	19	3	23	8.6
Total of answers	12	4	175	76	267	100.0
The perpetrator of violence
Patient and/or family member	0	2	6	0	8	2.9
Professor	8	1	116	50	175	64.6
Classmate	2	0	39	14	55	20.3
Service Professional	1	1	22	6	30	11.1
Other	0	0	1	2	3	1.1
Total of answers	11	4	184	72	271	100.0

Variables		Total	Not assaulted	Assaulted	χ²	p
Variables		n	n (%)	n (%)	χ²	p
Ethnicity					0.4388	0.508
	White	154	49 (31.8)	105 (68.2)
	Not white	52	14 (26.9)	38 (73.1)
Sexual orientation					0.1122	0.738
	Heterosexual	167	53 (31.7)	114 (68.3)
	Not heterosexual	38	11 (28.9)	27 (71.1)

	Physical	Sexual	Psychological	Deprivation/ Abandonment	Total	%
How did they react?
Did not have a reaction	7	0	56	24	87	23.5
Asked the person to stop	2	1	17	5	25	6.8
Told friends/family	3	1	56	16	76	20.5
Told a coleague	3	0	53	23	79	21.4
Reported to a teacher	3	0	16	3	22	5.9
Tried to pretend that nothing happened	0	2	36	9	47	12.7
He tried to defend himself physically	0	0	1	0	1	0.3
Sought advice	0	1	17	4	22	5.9
Opened lawsuit	0	0	1	0	1	0.3
Other	0	1	7	2	10	2.7
Total	18	6	260	86	370	100.0
Told someone about what happened?
Yes	9	4	117	40	170	85.4
No	1	0	14	14	29	14.6
Total	10	4	131	54	199	100.0
Why they didn't tell us about what happened?
It was not important	2	0	2	1	5	11.1
They considered that no action would be taken	0	0	10	10	20	44.4
They felt ashamed	0	0	7	5	12	26.7
They got scared	0	0	2	1	3	6.7
They felt guilty	0	0	2	1	3	6.7
Didn't know who to report to	0	0	2	0	2	4.4
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0.0
Total	2	0	25	18	45	100.0

Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem SGA Norte Quadra 603 Conj. "B" - Av. L2 Norte 70830-102 Brasília, DF, Brasil, Tel.: (55 61) 3226-0653, Fax: (55 61) 3225-4473 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: reben@abennacional.org.br

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[1] Corresponding author: André Lucas Maffissoni E-mail: andremaffissoni@hotmail.com