Tecnologías educacionales utilizadas para la promoción del autocuidado de las personas con diabetes mellitus: Revisión Integradora

Sá, Jennyfer Soares de; Santana, Martin Dharlle Oliveira; Santos, Mayara Góes dos; Benedito, Júnior Cesar de Souza; Teston, Elen Ferraz

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REVIEW • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 76 (Suppl 4) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2023-0049 copiar

Este documento está relacionado con:

10.1590/0034-7167.20247702e05

Tecnologías educacionales utilizadas para la promoción del autocuidado de las personas con diabetes mellitus: Revisión Integradora

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivo:

Sintetizar las producciones científicas que utilizaron tecnologías educacionales para promoción del autocuidado de personas con diabetes.

Método:

Revisión integradora realizada entre octubre de 2022 hasta enero de 2023, en las bases de datos: LILACS; Scopus; Embase; PubMed/MEDLINE y CINAHL. La búsqueda ocurrió de manera pareada, y la muestra fue construida por diez artículos. Los niveles de evidencia fueron analizados por el Hierarchy of Evidence for Intervention Studies, y los resultados fueron sintetizados para interpretación de los hallados.

Resultados:

Las tecnologías educacionales identificadas para promoción del autocuidado fueron: aplicativos móviles, plataformas interactivas, impresos, telemonitorización, vídeo y simulado. El enfoque de los contenidos fue en la promoción del cuidado con los pies, prevención de neuropatia, autogestión, conocimiento y expectativa de personas con diabetes y prevención de complicaciones agudas.

Conclusión:

El síntesis del conocimiento sobre las tecnologías educacionales para promoción del autocuidado de personas con diabetes señaló la necesidad de evidencias robustas.

Descriptores:
Diabetes Mellitus; Tecnología Educacional; Enfermería; Autocuidado; Educación en Salud

Databases	Search strategy	Results
LILACS	(“diabetes mellitus”) AND (“Educational Technology”) AND (“self-care”)	15
CINAHL	MH Exact Subject Heading (MH “Diabetes Mellitus”) AND MH Exact Subject Heading (MH “Educational Technology”) AND MH Exact Subject Heading (MH “self-care”) OR MH Exact Subject Heading (“Self-management”)	5,490
SCOPUS	KEY [(“Diabetes Mellitus”) AND (“Educational Technology”) AND (“Self-care”)]	86
EMBASE	‘diabetes mellitus’/exp AND ‘educational technology’/exp AND ‘self-care’	12
PUBMED/MEDLINE	((“diabetes mellitus”[MeSH Terms]) AND (“Educational Technology”[MeSH Terms])) AND (“self-care”[MeSH Terms])	15

Author	Year of publication/Language/Country	Type of study	Number of participants	Objective
Marques(¹³13 Marques ADB, Moreira TMM, Carvalho REFL, Chaves EMC, Oliveira SKP, Felipe GF, et al. PEDCARE: validation of a mobile application on diabetic foot self-care. Rev Bras Enferm. 2021;74. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0856 https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0... )	2021/Portuguese/Brazil	Methodological	39 judges (29 in nursing, 10 with professional experience in information and communication technology) and 15 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus	To describe the process of validation of a multimedia application on a mobile platform to promote foot care for people with diabetes.
Menezes(¹⁴14 Menezes LGC, Guedes MVC, Oliveira SKP, Rocha RM, Pinheiro AKB, Silva LF, et al. Production and validation of the short film Pés que te quero®: educational technology for people with diabetes. Rev Bras Enferm. 2022;75(5). https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0329 https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0... )	2022/Portuguese/Brazil	Methodological	31 nurses, 6 technicians and 15 people with diabetes mellitus	To describe the production and validation of short film educational technology for the prevention of diabetic foot ulcers.
Souza(¹⁵15 Souza IC, Costa JS, Alencar MMSC, Monteiro PGA, Aquino PS, Castro RCMB. Construction and evaluation of a serial album for the prevention of foot complications in diabetics. Rev Rene. 2021;22:e61427. https://doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.20212261427 https://doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.20212... )	2021/Portuguese/Brazil	Methodological	Seven judges: two judges (technical validation) and five nurses (content validation)	To describe the construction process and evaluate the evidence of content validity and serial album appearance to prevent foot complications in diabetics.
Galdino(¹⁶16 Galdino YLS, Moreira TMM, Marques ADB, Silva FAA. Validation of a booklet on self-care with the diabetic foot. Rev Bras Enferm. 2019;72. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0900 https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0... )	2019/Portuguese/Brazil	Methodological	23 judges for internal validation and 30 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus	To describe the validation of a primer on foot self-care for people with diabetes.
Amdie(¹⁷17 Amdie FZ, Luctkar-Flude M, Snelgrove-Clarke E, Sawhney M, Alemu S, Woo K. Feasibility of virtual simulation-based diabetes foot care education in patients with diabetes in ethiopia: protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2022;15:995-1009. https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S345722 https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S345722... )	2022/English/Ethiopia	Randomized controlled trial	40 participants: 20 received the virtual simulation-based educational program, and 20 continued with their usual diabetes care.	To evaluate the feasibility of a virtual simulation-based Diabetes Foot Care Education (DFCE) program among adult patients with diabetes in Ethiopia.
Jafari(¹⁸18 Jafari J, Karlgren K, Moonaghi HK, Layegh P, Bonacina S, Masiello I. Designing internet-enabled patient education for self-management of T2D diabetes-the case of the Razavi-Khorasan province in Iran. PLoS One. 2021;16(4):e0250781. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250781 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.025... )	2021/English/Iran	Qualitative	33 participants involved in the research	To design a prototype portal based on two care models and a contextualized education program to support the self-management of patients with diabetes.
Thuah(¹⁹19 Tuah NM, Yoag A, Ahmedy F. MyDiabetes: the gamified application for diabetes self-management and care. Computers. 2021;10:50. https://doi.org/10.3390/computers10040050 https://doi.org/10.3390/computers1004005... )	2019/English/Malaysia	Design and Gamification	20 participants accepted its usability.	Develop a diabetes self-management application using the Rapid Application Development (RAD) methodology.
Vluggen(²⁰20 Vluggen S, Candel M, Hoving C, Schaper NC, Vries H. A web-based computer-tailored program to improve treatment adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes: randomized controlled trial. J Med Internet Res. 2021;23(2):e18524. https://doi.org/10.2196/18524 https://doi.org/10.2196/18524... )	2021/English/Netherlands	Randomized controlled trial	234 gained access to the eHealth program.	To examine the efficacy of the eHealth program in a randomized controlled study.
Duarte(²¹21 Duarte CA, Berardinelli LMM, Sabóia, VM, Santos MLSC, Beretta, LL. Telemonitoring in nursing: contributions to the autonomy of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Res Soc Develop. 2020;9(7):1-22:e313973953. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.3953 https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.3953... )	2020/Portuguese/Brazil	Action research with qualitative approach	14 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus	To analyze participants’ knowledge and expectations regarding diabetes and their health.
Silva(²²22 Silva EM, Pena FPS, Guimarães ÁMS, Bastos MGB, Pena JLC, Rodrigues ÉTFA, et al. “Descomplica, dona bete”: construction of application on prevention of acute complications of diabetes mellitus. Enferm Foco [Internet]. 2020 [cited 22 Jan 2023];11(5). Available from http://revista.cofen.gov.br/index.php/enfermagem/article/view/3798/1036 http://revista.cofen.gov.br/index.php/en... )	2020/Portuguese/Brazil	Methodological	There were no participants	To build an application on the prevention of acute complications of diabetes mellitus, for health education of people with the disease.

Reference	Intervention /Educational technology developed	Key findings and conclusions	Level of evidence
Marques(¹³13 Marques ADB, Moreira TMM, Carvalho REFL, Chaves EMC, Oliveira SKP, Felipe GF, et al. PEDCARE: validation of a mobile application on diabetic foot self-care. Rev Bras Enferm. 2021;74. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0856 https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0... )	Not performed /Application: Padcare	Application with information and language able to promote and learning and feet care	VII
Menezes(¹⁴14 Menezes LGC, Guedes MVC, Oliveira SKP, Rocha RM, Pinheiro AKB, Silva LF, et al. Production and validation of the short film Pés que te quero®: educational technology for people with diabetes. Rev Bras Enferm. 2022;75(5). https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0329 https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0... )	Unrealized /Short film: Pés que te quero	Valid and suitable resource to be used in educational actions favorable to the promotion of self-care with the feet	VII
Souza(¹⁵15 Souza IC, Costa JS, Alencar MMSC, Monteiro PGA, Aquino PS, Castro RCMB. Construction and evaluation of a serial album for the prevention of foot complications in diabetics. Rev Rene. 2021;22:e61427. https://doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.20212261427 https://doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.20212... )	Unrealized /Serial album	Material suitable for use in educational activities	VII
Galdino(¹⁶16 Galdino YLS, Moreira TMM, Marques ADB, Silva FAA. Validation of a booklet on self-care with the diabetic foot. Rev Bras Enferm. 2019;72. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0900 https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0... )	Not done / Printed booklet	Content considered relevant for transmitting knowledge and raising awareness to promote behavior change	VII
Amdie(¹⁷17 Amdie FZ, Luctkar-Flude M, Snelgrove-Clarke E, Sawhney M, Alemu S, Woo K. Feasibility of virtual simulation-based diabetes foot care education in patients with diabetes in ethiopia: protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2022;15:995-1009. https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S345722 https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S345722... )	Intervention with diabetes education program based on virtual simulation followed by a structured interview to explore (acceptability, practicality) the potential impact of the intervention /Virtual simulation	The study explored the feasibility of innovative education programs to improve understanding of foot care education (DFCE) in a diverse socioeconomic context. Another purpose was to support the creation of the basis for the conceptualization of an effective program in diabetes education.	II
Jafari(¹⁸18 Jafari J, Karlgren K, Moonaghi HK, Layegh P, Bonacina S, Masiello I. Designing internet-enabled patient education for self-management of T2D diabetes-the case of the Razavi-Khorasan province in Iran. PLoS One. 2021;16(4):e0250781. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250781 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.025... )	Interviews with target audience to evaluate the prototype / Prototype of interactive portal and educational program	This study provides guidelines for the development of an educational portal via the internet, focused on patient support in their social context.	VI
Thuah(¹⁹19 Tuah NM, Yoag A, Ahmedy F. MyDiabetes: the gamified application for diabetes self-management and care. Computers. 2021;10:50. https://doi.org/10.3390/computers10040050 https://doi.org/10.3390/computers1004005... )	Performed the usability test: Rapid Application Development (RAD) with the Software Usability scale (SUS) to evaluate the application /Gamified application with self-presentation avatar	The gamification approach for diabetes is seen as a promising approach to promote self-management.	IV
Vluggen(²⁰20 Vluggen S, Candel M, Hoving C, Schaper NC, Vries H. A web-based computer-tailored program to improve treatment adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes: randomized controlled trial. J Med Internet Res. 2021;23(2):e18524. https://doi.org/10.2196/18524 https://doi.org/10.2196/18524... )	Periodic evaluations with the program / Randomized controlled trial	The multi-behavioral eHealth program decreased caloric intake of unhealthy snacks compared to the control group (d = 0.36; 95% CI 0.136 to 0.584; P = 0.002); and no significant changes were observed regarding adherence to physical activity (d = -0.14; 95% CI -0.388 to 0.109; P = 0.27), and oral hypoglycemic agents (d = 0.27; 95% CI -0.027 to 0.457; P = 0.08).	II
Duarte(²¹21 Duarte CA, Berardinelli LMM, Sabóia, VM, Santos MLSC, Beretta, LL. Telemonitoring in nursing: contributions to the autonomy of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Res Soc Develop. 2020;9(7):1-22:e313973953. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.3953 https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.3953... )	Map-speaker (MF), telemonitoring and interview / Telemonitoring	Effective in stimulating and enhancing health care	VI
Silva(²²22 Silva EM, Pena FPS, Guimarães ÁMS, Bastos MGB, Pena JLC, Rodrigues ÉTFA, et al. “Descomplica, dona bete”: construction of application on prevention of acute complications of diabetes mellitus. Enferm Foco [Internet]. 2020 [cited 22 Jan 2023];11(5). Available from http://revista.cofen.gov.br/index.php/enfermagem/article/view/3798/1036 http://revista.cofen.gov.br/index.php/en... )	Unrealized /Interactive digital app	It is an interactive support for health education actions and an incentive for preventive self-care.	VII

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[1] Corresponding author: Jennyfer Soares de Sá E-mail: jennyfersoaresdesa@gmail.com