Factoresasociados a síntomas psicopatológicos en enfermeros de un hospital universitario

Lima, Sheila Janaína Oliveira Araújo; Santos, Danielle Christine Moura dos; Santos, Maria de Fátima de Souza; Silva, Felicialle Pereira da; Silva, Darine Marie Rodrigues da; Aquino, Jael Maria de

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 76 (1) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0075 copiar

Factoresasociados a síntomas psicopatológicos en enfermeros de un hospital universitario

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivos:

analizar los factores asociados a síntomas psicopatológicos en enfermeros de un hospital universitario.

Métodos:

estudio transversal, desarrollado en un hospital universitario de Pernambuco, en el que participaron 90 enfermeros. Se utilizó un cuestionario con características socioprofesionales y la Escala de Evaluación de Síntomas.

Resultados:

se encontró asociación entre la variable cambio de profesión y la presencia de síntomas característicos de psicoticismo, somatización y ansiedad entre los enfermeros.

Conclusiones:

la aparición de síntomas psicopatológicos ha influido en el deseo de los enfermeros de buscar otra profesión. Esta evidencia refuerza la necesidad de mayores inversiones en mejores condiciones de trabajo y acciones de acogida en el ambiente de trabajo, con el fin de proporcionar una mejor calidad de vida profesional y promover la salud de estos trabajadores.

Descriptores:
Salud Mental; Enfermería; Salud Laboral; Calidad de Vida; Psicopatología

How worried you are		Not atall	A little bit	Quite a bit
Dimensions	Variables	Population distribution n (%)
Psychocytism	1- Weakness or dizziness	41 (45.5)	42 (46.7)	7 (7.8)
	2- Pains in heart or chest	62 (68.9)	19 (21.1)	9 (10.0)
	3- Feeling afraid in open spaces or on the streets	66 (73.3)	18 (20.0)	6 (6.7)
	4- Thoughts of ending your life^*	81 (90.0)	3 (3.3)	5 (5.5)
	5- Suddenly scared for no reason	61 (67.8)	24 (26.7)	5 (5.5)
	6- Feeling afraid to go out of the house alone	74 (82.2)	12 (13.3)	4 (4.4)
	7- Pains in lower back	15 (16.7)	39 (43.3)	36 (40.0)
	8- Feelings of worthlessness	56 (62.2)	25 (27.7)	9 (10.0)
	9- Feeling fearful	46 (51.1)	36 (40.0)	8 (8.9)
	10- Nausea or upset stomach	47 (52.2)	36 (40.0)	7 (7.8)
Obsessiveness/compulsiveness	11-Soreness of your muscles	19 (21.1)	40 (44.4)	31 (34.4)
	12-Feeling that you are watched or talked about by others^*	64 (71.1)	23 (25.5)	2 (2.2)
	13-Having to check and double-check what you do	45 (50.0)	32 (35.5)	13 (14.4)
	14-Feeling afraid to travel on buses, subways, trains	71 (78.9)	13 (14.4)	6 (6.7)
	15-Trouble getting your breath	61 (67.8)	20 (22.2)	9 (10.0)
	16-Hot or cold spells	66 (73.3)	17 (18.9)	7 (7.8)
	17-Having to avoid certain things, places, or activities because they frighten you	61 (67.8)	19 (21.1)	10 (11.1)
	18-Your mind going blank	22 (24.4)	48 (53.3)	20 (22.2)
	19-Numbness or tingling in parts of your body	45 (50.0)	28 (31.1)	17 (18.9)
	20-Feeling hopeless about the future	48 (53.3)	32 (35.5)	10 (11.1)
Somatization	21-Trouble concentrating	23 (25.5)	53 (58.9)	14 (15.5)
	22-Feeling weak in parts of your body	48 (53.3)	35 (38.9)	7 (7.8)
	23-Feeling tense or keyed up	27 (30.0)	48 (53.3)	15 (16.7)
	24-Heavy feelings in your arms or legs	43 (47.8)	38 (42.2)	9 (10.0)
	25-Feeling uneasy when people are watching or talking about you	46 (51.1)	35 (38.9)	9 (10.0)
	26-Having to repeat the same actions such as touching, counting, washing	68 (75.5)	18 (20.0)	4 (4.4)
	27-Having urges to break or smash things	77 (85.5)	11 (12.2)	2 (2.2)
	28-Feeling shy or uneasy with the opposite sex	57 (63.3)	26 (28.9)	7 (7.8)
	29-Feeling uneasy in crowds, such as shopping or at a movie	69 (76.7)	17 (18.9)	4 (4.4)
	30-Feeling everything is an effort	64 (71.1)	22 (24.4)	4 (4.4)
Anxiety	31-Spells of terror or panic	74 (82.2)	11 (12.2)	5 (5.5)
	32-Getting into frequent arguments	64 (71.1)	23 (25.5)	3 (3.3)
	33-Feeling nervous when you are left alone^*	78 (86.7)	10 (11.1)	1 (1.1)
	34-Feeling lonely even when you are with people	66 (73.3)	22 (24.4)	2 (2.2)
	35-Feeling so restless you couldn’t sit still	65 (72.2)	19 (21.1)	5 (5.5)
	36-Shouting or throwing things	83 (92.2)	5 (5.5)	2 (2.2)
	37-Feeling afraid you will faint in public	79 (87.8)	11 (12.2)	0
	38-Never feeling close to another person	79 (87.8)	8 (8.9)	3 (3.3)
	39-Feelings of guilt	56 (62.2)	28 (31.1)	6 (6.7)
	40-The idea of something is wrong with your mind	60 (66.7)	25 (27.8)	5 (5.5)

Variables	Mean ± SD	Median (Q1; Q3)	Minimum - Maximum
Age	47.22 ± 8.99	47.00 (41.00;53.00)	32.00 - 67.00
Score (General index)	0.46±0.33	0.36 (0.20;0.63)	0.00 - 1.43
EAS-1 Psychoticism	0.50±0.38	0.40 (0.20;0.70)	0.00 - 1.60
EAS-2 Obsessiveness/compulsiveness	0.58±0.41	0.50 (0.30;0.80)	0.00 - 1.90
EAS-3 Somatization	0.50±0.37	0.40 (0.20;0.73)	0.00 - 1.60
EAS-4 Anxiety	0.25±0.30	0.20 (0.00;0.40)	0.00 - 1.40

Variables	EAS Score (General index)	EAS Psychoticism	EAS Obsessiveness/compulsiveness	EAS Somatization	EAS Anxiety
Variables	Mean ± SD	Median (Q1; Q3)	Median (Q1; Q3)	Median (Q1; Q3)	Median (Q1; Q3)
Workload/week (h)
30- 40 hours	0.45 ± 0.33	0.30 (0.10; 0.60)	0.50 (0.30; 0.90)	0.50 (0.20; 0.70)	0.10 (0.00; 0.50)
>40-60 hours	0.49 ± 0.45	0.45 (0.30; 0.80)	0.50 (0.20; 0.80)	0.40 (0.20; 0.80)	0.20 (0.00; 0.40)
> 60 hours	0.39 ± 0.35	0.50 (0.10; 0.85)	0.50 (0.25; 0.85)	0.20 (0.15; 0.60)	0.10 (0.00; 0.50)
p value	0.612 ^* * ANOVA;	0.259 ^ Kruskal-Wallis;	0.986 ^ Kruskal-Wallis;	0.258 ^ Kruskal-Wallis;	0.821 ^ Kruskal-Wallis;
Changing profession
Yes	0.59± 0.55	0.70 (0.30; 1.00)	0.60 (0.40; 0.90)	0.60 (0.40; 0.90)	0.30 (0.10; 0.60)
No	0.41± 0.33	0.40 (0.10; 0.60)	0.50 (0.20; 0.80)	0.40 (0.20; 0.60)	0.10 (0.00; 0.30)
p value	0.008 ^A A Student’s t;	0.006 ^B B Mann-Whitney; SD - standard deviation; EAS - Symptom Assessment Scale.	0.129 ^B B Mann-Whitney; SD - standard deviation; EAS - Symptom Assessment Scale.	0.032 ^B B Mann-Whitney; SD - standard deviation; EAS - Symptom Assessment Scale.	0.049 ^B B Mann-Whitney; SD - standard deviation; EAS - Symptom Assessment Scale.
Relationships
1	0.41± 0.40	0.30 (0.10; 0.63)	0.50 (0.28; 0.93)	0.50 (0.20; 0.73)	0.10 (0.00; 0.43)
2 or more	0.47± 0.36	0.40 (0.23; 0.78)	0.50 (0.30; 0.80)	0.40 (0.20; 0.78)	0.20 (0.00; 0.40)
p value	0.533^A A Student’s t;	0.145 ^B B Mann-Whitney; SD - standard deviation; EAS - Symptom Assessment Scale.	0.907 ^B B Mann-Whitney; SD - standard deviation; EAS - Symptom Assessment Scale.	0.851 ^B B Mann-Whitney; SD - standard deviation; EAS - Symptom Assessment Scale.	0.844 ^B B Mann-Whitney; SD - standard deviation; EAS - Symptom Assessment Scale.
Activity
Direct care	0.44± 0.35	0.40 (0.18; 0.70)	0.50 (0.20; 0.80)	0.40 (0.20; 0.70)	0.20 (0.00; 0.40)
Indirect care	0.48± 0.39	0.40 (0.20; 0.70)	0.40 (0.30; 0.88)	0.40 (0.23; 0.80)	0.20 (0.00; 0.40)
p value	0.561 ^A A Student’s t;	0.734 ^B B Mann-Whitney; SD - standard deviation; EAS - Symptom Assessment Scale.	0.646 ^B B Mann-Whitney; SD - standard deviation; EAS - Symptom Assessment Scale.	0.422 ^B B Mann-Whitney; SD - standard deviation; EAS - Symptom Assessment Scale.	0.976 ^B B Mann-Whitney; SD - standard deviation; EAS - Symptom Assessment Scale.
Medication use
Yes	0.45±0.38	0.40 (0.20; 0.70)	0.50 (0.30; 0.90)	0.40 (0.20; 0.80)	0.20 (0.00; 0.40)
No	0.47±0.35	0.40 (0.20; 0.80)	0.50 (0.20; 0.80)	0.40 (0.30; 0.60)	0.20 (0.00; 0.40)
p value	0.859^A A Student’s t;	0.811^B B Mann-Whitney; SD - standard deviation; EAS - Symptom Assessment Scale.	0.517^B B Mann-Whitney; SD - standard deviation; EAS - Symptom Assessment Scale.	0.487^B B Mann-Whitney; SD - standard deviation; EAS - Symptom Assessment Scale.	0.797^B B Mann-Whitney; SD - standard deviation; EAS - Symptom Assessment Scale.

Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem SGA Norte Quadra 603 Conj. "B" - Av. L2 Norte 70830-102 Brasília, DF, Brasil, Tel.: (55 61) 3226-0653, Fax: (55 61) 3225-4473 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: reben@abennacional.org.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Corresponding author: Sheila Janaína Oliveira Araújo Lima, E-mail: enf.jansp@gmail.com