Validez y confiabilidad de la Escala de Estrés Psicológico de Kessler para ancianos brasileños: un estudio transversal

Lins, Gabriella Oliveira de Albuquerque; Lima, Nathália Angel da Silva; Sousa, Girliani Silva de; Guimarães, Fernanda Jorge; Frazão, Iracema da Silva; Perrelli, Jaqueline Galdino Albuquerque

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 74 (Suppl 2) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0365 copiar

Validez y confiabilidad de la Escala de Estrés Psicológico de Kessler para ancianos brasileños: un estudio transversal

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivos:

verificar la validez y confiabilidad de la Escala de Estrés Psicológico para el cribado del sufrimiento mental.

Métodos:

estudio transversal con 75 personas mayores. Se utilizó la escala y el cuestionario de autoinforme. La validez de criterio se verificó mediante la correlación de Spearman y las medidas de precisión diagnóstica. Se utilizó el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach para investigar la confiabilidad.

Resultados:

la consistencia interna total de la escala fue α=0,844. La validez concurrente entre este instrumento y Self Reporting Questionnaire fue ρ=0,722 (p<0,001). El mejor punto de corte para el cribado del sufrimiento mental fue una puntuación total > 14, con una sensibilidad de 75,47% y una especificidad de 85,0%.

Conclusiones:

la escala fue robusta para el seguimiento del sufrimiento mental, dada su alta confiabilidad, en términos de homogeneidad, y adecuada validez de criterio, cuyo mejor punto de corte para el cribado fue una puntuación mayor a 14.

Descriptores:
Suicidio; Estrés Psicológico; Transtornos Mentales; Anciano; Enfermería

Kessler Psychological Distress Scale Items - K10	α^* * Total Cronbach’s alpha of the scale;	α^ Total Cronbach’s alpha of the scale if that item is excluded.
	0.844
1. In the past 4 weeks, about how often did you feel tired out for no good reason?		0.839
2. In the past 4 weeks, about how often did you feel nervous?		0.837
3. In the past 4 weeks, about how often did you so feel nervous that nothing could calm you down?		0.837
4. In the past 4 weeks, about how often did you feel hopeless?		0.839
5. In the past 4 weeks, about how often did you feel restless or fidgety?		0.834
6. In the past 4 weeks, about how often did you feel so restless you could not sit still?		0.834
7. In the past 4 weeks, about how often did you feel depressed?		0.818
8. In the past 4 weeks, about how often did you feel that everything was an effort?		0.824
9. In the past 4 weeks, about how often did you feel so sad that nothing could cheer you up?		0.819
10. In the past 4 weeks, about how often did you feel worthless?		0.814

K10 score	Sensitivity (%)	95% CI	Specificity (%)	95% CI
≥10	100.00	93.3 - 100.0	0.00	0.0 - 16.8
>10	100.00	93.3 - 100.0	20.00	5.7 - 43.7
>11	98.11	89.9 - 100.0	35.00	15.4 - 59.2
>12	90.57	79.3 - 96.9	60.00	36.1 - 80.9
>13	83.02	70.2 - 91.9	75.00	50.9 - 91.3
>14	75.47	61.7 - 86.2	85.00	62.1 - 96.8
>15	58.49	44.1 - 71.9	90.00	68.3 - 98.8
>16	45.28	31.6 - 59.6	90.00	68.3 - 98.8
>17	39.62	26.5 - 54.0	95.00	75.1 - 99.9
>18	35.85	23.1 - 50.2	95.00	75.1 - 99.9
>19	28.30	16.8 - 42.3	100.00	83.2 - 100.0
>41	0.00	0.0 - 6.7	100.00	83.2 - 100.0

Independent variables	Mental distress		p value^* * Chi-square test;	OR^ OR - Odds Ratio;	95% Confidence Interval
Independent variables	Yes	No	p value^* * Chi-square test;	OR^ OR - Odds Ratio;	Lower limit	Upper limit
Income less than a minimum wage			0.039	--	--	--
Yes	6	0
No	37	30
Retirement			0.005	0.170	0.044	0.649
Yes	26	27
No	17	3
Difficulty sleeping^* ***** SRQ Item - 20.			0.032	2.909	1.080	7.834
Yes	32	15
No	11	15
Scare easily ^* ***** SRQ Item - 20.			0.018	3.241	1.206	8.707
Yes	25	9
No	18	21
Hand tremors ^* ***** SRQ Item - 20.			0.015	4.821	1.253	18.554
Yes	15	3
No	28	27
Nervousness/tension/concern^* ***** SRQ Item - 20.			<0.001	12.750	3.627	44.819
Yes	39	13
No	4	17
Digestion difficulties^* ***** SRQ Item - 20.			0.029	2.947	1.100	7.900
Yes	24	9
No	19	21
Sadness^* ***** SRQ Item - 20.			<0.001	11.083	2.339	52.517
Yes	19	2
No	24	28
Frequent crying^* ***** SRQ Item - 20.			0.003	6.480	1.700	24.694
Yes	18	3
No	25	27
Loss of interest in life^* ***** SRQ Item - 20.			0.001	--	--	--
Yes	13	0
No	30	30
Frequent tiredness^* ***** SRQ Item - 20.			<0.001	18.962	2.357	152.553
Yes	17	1
No	26	29
Tired from small efforts^* ***** SRQ Item - 20.			0.011	3.462	1.301	9.208
Yes	30	13
No	12	18
Unpleasant feelings in the stomach ^* ***** SRQ Item - 20.			0.013	3.378	1.265	9.025
Yes	31	12
No	13	17

Variables	Median	Mean scores	p value^* * Mann-Whitney U test.
Scores (K10)
Sex
Male	13.0	25.63	0.019
Female	15.0	39.94	0.019
Retirement
Yes	14.0	33.61	0.026
No	16.5	45.98	0.026
Suicide risk
Yes	22.5	58.67	<0.001
No	15.0	32.74	<0.001
Common Mental Disorder
Yes	16.0	44.29	<0.001
No	12.0	17.68	<0.001
Scores (SRQ - 20)
Sex
Male	5.0	25.33	0.016
Female	6.5	40.02	0.016
Suicide risk
Yes	14.0	62.58	<0.001
No	6.0	31.97	<0.001
Mental distress
Yes	8.0	48.19	<0.001
No	4.0	20.97	<0.001
Major depression
Yes	16.0	66.00	<0.001
No	6.0	33.92	<0.001
Minor depression
Yes	9.0	48.23	0.034
No	6.0	34.57	0.034

Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem SGA Norte Quadra 603 Conj. "B" - Av. L2 Norte 70830-102 Brasília, DF, Brasil, Tel.: (55 61) 3226-0653, Fax: (55 61) 3225-4473 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: reben@abennacional.org.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Corresponding author: Jaqueline Galdino Albuquerque Perrelli E-mail: jaqueline.albuquerque@ufpe.br