Musculoskeletal pain in undergraduate health students: prevalence and associated factors

Morais, Bruna Xavier; Dalmolin, Graziele de Lima; Andolhe, Rafaela; Dullius, Angela Isabel dos Santos; Rocha, Laurelize Pereira

doi:10.1590/S1980-220X2018014403444

Brasil

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. esc. enferm. USP 53 • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-220X2018014403444 linkcopy

Musculoskeletal pain in undergraduate health students: prevalence and associated factors^*

Dolor musculoesquelético en estudiante de pregrado del área sanitaria: prevalencia y factores asociados

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective: To assess the prevalence and factors associated with musculoskeletal pain in undergraduate health students.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with undergraduate students from a university in the south of Brazil between April and July 2017. The Brazilian version of the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire and a questionnaire for the characterization of students were used. Descriptive statistics, the chi-square test and Poisson regression were used for the analysis.

Results: Participation of 792 undergraduate health students. The region of the vertebral column had a higher prevalence (74.9%) of musculoskeletal pain. The variables of female sex, age between 18 and 20 years, overweight, not having time for leisure, six or more daily hours of mobile phone use, having a clinical condition with medical diagnosis and attending the intermediate or final semesters of the course were associated with musculoskeletal pain.

Conclusion: The high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain demonstrates the need for strategies aimed at preventing this aggravation still in the academic setting.

DESCRIPTORS: Students, Health Occupations; Musculoskeletal Pain; Cumulative Trauma Disorders; Occupational Health

Variable	Vertebral column pain			Crude analysis		Adjusted analysis**
Variable	n	%	p*	CPR (95% CI)	p	APR (95% CI)	P
Sex			0,002		0.004		0.009
Female	459	77.7		1.066 (1.021-1.113)		1.060 (1.015-1.108)
Male	134	66.7		1		1
Age			0.001
18 to 20 years	256	76.6		1.226 (1.089-1.380)	0.001	1.211 (1.073-1.367)	0.002
21 to 23 years	218	76.2		1.223 (1.085-1.377)	0.001	1.208 (1.070-1.364)	0.002
24 to 26 years	74	76.3		1.223 (1.079-1.387)	0.002	1.215 (1.070-1.380)	0.003
27 to 29 years	20	74.1		1.208 (1.040-1.403)	0.013	1.190 (1.024-1.383)	0.023
30 years or more	15	44.1		1		1
Time for leisure						0.000
No	58	86.6		1.143 (1.081-1.208)	0.000	1.140 (1.079-1.205)	0.000
Sometimes	354	80.6		1.106 (1.063-1.151)	0.000	1.101 (1.058-1.146)	0.000
Yes	181	63.3		1		1
Daily time of mobile phone use					0.013
6 hours or more	293	79		1.045 (1.010-1.081)	0.012	1.039 (1.005-1.075)	0.000
Up to 5 hours	298	71.3		1		1
Semester			0.003
End (7th to 12th)	150	80.6		1.075 (1.028-1.125)	0.002	1.059 (1.007-1.112)	0.025
Middle (3rd to 6th)	254	77.7		1.058 (1.015-1.102)	0.008	1.048 (1.003-1.096)	0.036
Beginning (1st and 2nd )	189	68		1		1
Academic scholarship						0.009
Yes	179	81.4		1.052 (1.015-1.090)	0.005	1.031 (0.993-1.071)	0.115
No	414	72.4		1		1
Voluntary internship						0.039
Yes	109	82		1.049 (1.007-1.093)	0.022	1.030 (0.988-1.074)	0.167
No	484	73.4		1		1
Backpack weight						0.001
3.2 kg or more	315	79.9		1.058 (1.023-1.095)	0.001	1.061 (1.025-1.098)	0.001
Up to 3.1 kg	278	70		1		1

Variable	Upper limbs pain			Crude analysis		Adjusted analysis**
Variable	N	%	p*	CPR (95% CI)	p	APR (95% CI)	p
Sex			0,000
Female	343	58		1.111 (1.052-1.173)	0.000
Male	85	42.3		1
Medical diagnosis					0.004
Yes	142	62		1.074 (1.025-1.127)	0.003	1.071 (1.022-1.122)	0.004
No	286	50.8		1		1
Time for leisure					0.000
No	48	71.6		1.177 (1.093-1.268)	0.000	1.158 (1.073-1.249)	0.000
Sometimes	249	56.7		1.075 (1.023-1.129)	0.004	1.061 (1.010-1.116)	0.019
Yes	131	45.8		1		1
Physical activity					0.014
No	291	57.3		1.061 (1.011-1.113)	0.015	1.035 (0.987-1.086)	0.159
Yes	137	48.2		1		1
Daily time of mobile phone use					0.003
6 hours or more	221	59.6		1.071 (1.024-1.120)	0.003	1.065 (1.019-1.114)	0.005
Up to 5 hours	205	49		1		1
Backpack weight					0.024
3.2 kg or more	229	58.1		1.053 (1.007-1.102)	0.024
Up to 3.1 kg	199	50.1		1

Variable	Lower limbs pain			Crude analysis		Adjusted analysis**
Variable	n	%	p*	CPR (95% CI)	p	APR (95% CI)	p
Sex			0.039
Female	270	45.7		1.061 (1.003-1.122)	0.038	1.048 (0.991-1.109)	0.103
Male	75	37.3		1		1
Age			0.022
18 to 20 years	159	47.6		1.141 (1.008-1.291)	0.037	1.130 (0.998-1.279)	0.055
21 to 23 years	128	44.8		1.119 (0.987-1.267)	0.079	1.108 (0.977-1.256)	0.109
24 to 26 years	30	30.9		1.012 (0.882-1.161)	0.868	1.006 (0.877-1.155)	0.927
27 to 29 years	12	44.4		1.116 (0.936-1.330)	0.220	1.103 (0.926-1.314)	0.273
30 or more	10	29.4		1		1
Medical diagnosis						0.000
Yes	123	53.7		1.102 (1.048-1.160)	0.000	1.099 (1.045-1.156)	0.000
No	222	39.4		1		1
IMC			0.050
Overweight	82	53.2		1.089 (1.027-1.156)	0.005	1.081 (1.020-1.146)	0.009
Obesity	28	45.9		1.037 (0.947-1.136)	0.431	1.043 (0.954-1.141)	0.354
Low weight	19	42.2		1.011 (0.910-1.124)	0.840	1.018 (0.915-1.132)	0.741
Normal weight	216	40.7		1		1
Tobacco use			0.041
Yes	7	63.6		1.151 (0.966-1.372)	0.116
Sometimes	39	51.3		1.064 (0.984-1.151)	0.120
No	296	42.2		1
Time for leisure						0.020
No	39	58.2		1.134 (1.042-1.235)	0.004	1.116 (1.028-1.212)	0.009
Sometimes	193	44		1.032 (0.980-1.087)	0.235	1.025 (0.974-1.079)	0.339
Yes	113	39.5		1		1
Daily time of mobile phone use					0.007
6 hours or more	180	48.5		1.069 (1.018-1.121)	0.007	1.068 (1.018-1.119)	0.007
Up to 5 hours	163	39		1		1
Course			0.000
Nursing	70	59.8		1.222 (1.128-1.324)	0.000
Speech-language Pathology	36	57.1		1.202 (1.091-1.324)	0.000
Occupational Therapy	54	52.9		1.170 (1.073-1.274)	0.000
Physiotherapy	31	44.3		1.103 (0.999-1.218)	0.052
Medicine	72	37.5		1.051 (0.974-1.135)	0.197
Pharmacy	38	36.2		1.041 (0.953-1.138)	0.370
Dentistry	44	30.8		1

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Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419 , 05403-000 São Paulo - SP/ Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 11) 3061-7553, - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: reeusp@usp.br

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[TFN1] Legend: CPR (crude prevalence ratio); APR (adjusted prevalence ratio); CI (confidence interval); *Chi-square test; **Sociodemographic data (sex + age); habits and health (leisure + daily use of mobile phone); academic (semester + academic scholarship + voluntary internship + backpack weight).

Musculoskeletal pain in undergraduate health students: prevalence and associated factors*

Dolor musculoesquelético en estudiante de pregrado del área sanitaria: prevalencia y factores asociados

ABSTRACT

Musculoskeletal pain in undergraduate health students: prevalence and associated factors^*