Biological screening for congenital toxoplasmosis in newborns from Jataí, Goiás, Brazil: a cross-sectional study

Oliveira, Gabriela Katrinny Avelar; Ferreira, Stéfanne Rodrigues Rezende; Moura, Vanessa Oliveira Lopes de; Siqueira, Victor da Silva; Reis, Thaís Santos Anjo; Bridi, Vanessa; Cardoso, Ludimila Paula Vaz; Rezende, Hanstter Hallison Alves

doi:10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2023-0408en

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. esc. enferm. USP 58 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2023-0408en copy

Biological screening for congenital toxoplasmosis in newborns from Jataí, Goiás, Brazil: a cross-sectional study

Cribado biológico de la toxoplasmosis congénita en recién nacidos de Jataí, Goiás, Brasil: un estudio transversal

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To conduct a serological screening for toxoplasmosis in the heel prick test and to evaluate its epidemiological aspects in newborns and postpartum women in Jataí, Goiás.

Method:

Cross-sectional epidemiological study for the biological screening of newborns in Jataí, Goiás.

Results:

The study participants amounted to 228 newborns, whose samples were collected between the third and seventh day of life. IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii were detected in 40.79% (93/228) of the samples; out of these, 23.6% (22/93) had high IgG antibody titers, leading to the collection of two other peripheral blood samples and the detection of a decrease in these titers.

Conclusion:

The findings show the importance of strengthening actions in primary health care to prevent infection and training health professionals in this area to equip them with information regarding cases of reinfection and reactivation of infection in pregnant women, minimizing risks for babies.

DESCRIPTORS
Toxoplasma; Toxoplasmosis; Congenital; Neonatal Screening

Code	1st collection^* Filter paper collection, carried out from 3 to 5 days of age. * Collected from 3 to 4 months of age. *** Collected from 12 to 18 months of age. POS: positive, NEG: negative. Filter Paper		2nd collection^* Filter paper collection, carried out from 3 to 5 days of age. * Collected from 3 to 4 months of age. *** Collected from 12 to 18 months of age. POS: positive, NEG: negative. Peripheral blood				3rd collection^*** Filter paper collection, carried out from 3 to 5 days of age. * Collected from 3 to 4 months of age. *** Collected from 12 to 18 months of age. POS: positive, NEG: negative. Peripheral blood
Code	Child		Mother		Child		Child
002	1.491	POS	2.175	POS	0.241	NEG	0.023	NEG
003	1.577	POS	2.023	POS	0.246	NEG	0.028	NEG
006	1617	POS	2.258	POS	0.210	NEG	0.008	NEG
056	1.427	POS	2.214	POS	0.162	NEG	0.056	NEG
091	1.451	POS	2.124	POS	0.204	NEG	0.014	NEG
151	1.499	POS	2.395	POS	0.175	NEG	0.043	NEG
174	1.633	POS	3.020	POS	0.243	NEG	0.025	NEG
177	1.654	POS	2.731	POS	0.305	NEG	0.087	NEG
179	1.464	POS	2.086	POS	0.321	NEG	0.103	NEG
182	1.488	POS	2.149	POS	0.297	NEG	0.079	NEG
183	1.553	POS	2.174	POS	0.181	NEG	0.037	NEG
186	1.642	POS	2.985	POS	0.249	NEG	0.031	NEG
208	1.862	POS	2.325	POS	0.229	NEG	0.011	NEG
209	2.148	POS	3.122	POS	0.235	NEG	NR	NEG
210	2.240	POS	2.996	POS	0.222	NEG	0.017	NEG
211	1.951	POS	2.827	POS	0.292	NEG	NR	NEG
214	1.582	POS	1.795	POS	0.195	NEG	0.004	NEG
223	1.458	POS	1.637	POS	0.302	NEG	0.074	NEG
224	2.073	POS	2.894	POS	0.241	NEG	NR	NEG
225	1.875	POS	3.061	POS	0.288	NEG	NR	NEG
226	1.890	POS	3.038	POS	0.232	NEG	0.023	NEG
228	1.862	POS	3.073	POS	0.323	NEG	0.084	NEG

Variables		N. (n = 22)	Percentage (%)
Variables		Origin of drinking water	Public network	22	100
Sewage outlet	Public network	22	100
Disposal of household waste	Public collection	22	100
Vegetable garden at home	Yes	2	9.1
	No	22	90.9
Person preparing food	Mother	17	77.28
	Others	5	22.72
Pets at home	Cat	0	0
	Dog	6	27.8
Behavioral and eating habits	Handles earth or sand	2	9.1
	Eats meat daily	22	100
	Consumes raw or undercooked meat sporadically	5	22.7

Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419 , 05403-000 São Paulo - SP/ Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 11) 3061-7553, - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: reeusp@usp.br

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[1] Corresponding author: Stéfanne Rodrigues Rezende Ferreira, BR 364, km 195, Setor Parque Industrial, 75801-615 – Jataí, GO, Brazil, stefanne2014@gmail.com