Job insecurity among nurses, nursing technicians and nursing aides in public hospitals

Araújo-dos-Santos, Tatiane; Silva-Santos, Handerson; Silva, Maria Navegantes da; Coelho, Ana Carla Carvalho; Pires, Cláudia Geovana da Silva; Melo, Cristina Maria Meira de

doi:10.1590/S1980-220X2017050503411

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. esc. enferm. USP 52 • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-220X2017050503411 copy

Job insecurity among nurses, nursing technicians and nursing aides in public hospitals^* * Extracted from the thesis: “Precarização do trabalho em enfermagem nos hospitais públicos: 2013-2017”, Programa de Pós-Graduação, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 2018.

Precarización del trabajo de enfermeras, técnicas y auxiliares de enfermería en los hospitales públicos

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To identify the contribution of all the dimensions involved in job insecurity among nursing professionals in Brazilian state public hospitals.

Method:

This was a quantitative descriptive study conducted between March 2015 and February 2016, with nurses, nursing technicians and nursing aides. The data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis.

Results:

The sample consisted of 265 nurses (n=161 with job security and n=104 outsourced) and 810 nursing technicians and nursing aides (n=597 with job security and n=213 outsourced). Among the nurses, “Working conditions” accounted for 46.8% of their job insecurity. Among nursing technicians and nursing aides “intensity of work due to work process organization” best explained the construct of job insecurity (51.2%).

Conclusion:

Job insecurity is expressed differently depending on the type of nursing professional. The difference in the distribution of the dimensions showed that job insecurity is related to the hierarchical position of each nursing professional in the technical division of nursing work and the role of each professional in the work process.

DESCRIPTORS:
Nursing; Working Conditions; Hospitals, Public; Public Sector; Unified Health System

Dimensions	Eigenvalue	Difference	Proportion	Cumulative
Working conditions	7.44065	5.37495	46.8	0.4676
Intensity of work due to work process organization	2.06570	0.20992	13.0	0.5974
Work process management	1.85578	0.28626	11.7	0.7140
Intensity of work due to multiple jobs	1.56952	0.54297	9.9	0.8126
Intensity due to reduced rest periods	1.02655	0.30754	6.4	0.8771

Dimensions	Eigenvalue	Difference	Proportion	Cumulative
Intensity of work due to work process organization	7.75547	5.87457	51.2	0.5198
Working conditions	1.88090	0.20807	12.6	0.6459
Work process management	1.67283	0.45960	11.2	0.7580
Intensity of work due to multiple jobs	1.21322	0.17761	8.1	0.8393
Elimination of employment rights	1.03561	0.13155	6.9	0.9087

Dimensions	Variables	Factor loading
Working conditions	Participates in continuing education activities	0.6808
	Feels they are aware of the risks to which they are exposed	0.5962
	The work in this place makes nurses feel satisfied	0.5809
	Participates in meetings to organize the activities	0.5557
	Nurse uses Standard Operation Procedures (SOP)	0.5484
	Equipment and furniture items are ergonomic	0.5481
	Working conditions are suitable to patient profile	0.5480
	They are informed of the outcomes of care provided	0.5233
	Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) items are available	0.4476
	Feels socially recognized for their work	0.4160
	Immediate boss is concerned about well-being of subordinates	0.4009
Intensity of work due to work process organization	Time pressure at work	0.6779
	Work pace	0.6651
	Work requires more than nurses are able to do	0.6052
	Care provided to more patients than nurses can handle	0.5700
	Takes on multiple tasks due to staff shortage	0.5494
	Supervises more workers than the nurse can handle	0.4307
	Tasks are interrupted before nurses can complete them	0.4140
	Repetitive movements while performing work tasks	0.4039
	Rest period during the working hours	-0.4589
	Work allows nurses to perform activities and achieve goals without rushing	-0.4946
	Meals without rushing during the working hours	-0.5517
Work process management	Presence of conflicts	0.7967
	Conflict impacts how activities are performed	0.7722
	Has experienced embarrassment at work	0.4974
	Feels pressured by superior while performing tasks	0.4935
	Has been a victim of violence at work	0.4352
	Has been a victim of discrimination at work	0.4114
Intensity of work due to multiple jobs	Number of jobs	0.9148
Intensity of work due to multiple jobs	Weekly hours of work at other jobs	0.9138
Intensity due to reduced rest periods	Rest periods during night shift	0.5149
Intensity due to reduced rest periods	Daily hours of work	0.4908

Dimensions	Variables	Factor loading
Intensity of work due to work process organization	Work requires more than the nursing professional can do	0.6696
	Assumes multiple assignments due to staff shortage	0.6156
	Care provided to more patients than the nursing professional can handle	0.5844
	Time pressure at work	0.5518
	Work rhythm	0.5251
	Performs activities that are not his/her assignment	0.4804
	Performs activities with which he/she does not agree	0.4551
Intensity of work due to work process organization	Feels pressured by the boss while performing the task	0.4542
	Performs activities for which he/she is not qualified	0.4328
	Tasks are interrupted before he/she can conclude them	0.4323
	Rest periods during the working hours	-0.4510
	Work allows nurses to perform activities and achieve goals without rushing	-0.4863
	Meals without rushing during the working hours	-0.5046
Working conditions	Working conditions are suitable to patient profile	0.6350
	Equipment and furniture items are ergonomic	0.5958
	Feels he/she is aware of the risks to which he/she is exposed	0.5725
	Participates in activities of continuing education	0.5123
	PPE items are available	0.5097
	Proper material for consumption is available	0.5076
	Participates in meetings to organize the activities	0.4948
	The work in this place makes the nursing professional satisfied	0.4775
	He/she is informed of the results from care provided	0.4765
	Immediate boss is concerned about well-being of subordinates	0.4616
	Employment rights are respected	0.4498
	Nursing professional uses SOP	0.4440
	Feels socially recognized due to his/her work.	0.4186
Intensity of work due to multiple jobs	Number of jobs	0.9282
Intensity of work due to multiple jobs	Weekly working hours of other jobs	0.9272
Work process management	Existence of a conflict	0.6020
	Conflict impacts the way the activities are performed	0.5642
	Has experienced embarrassment at work	0.4711
Elimination of employment rights	Career planning is available	0.5683
Elimination of employment rights	Has been benefitted by career planning	0.5673

Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419 , 05403-000 São Paulo - SP/ Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 11) 3061-7553, - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: reeusp@usp.br

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[1] Corresponding author: Tatiane Araújo-dos-Santos Campus Universitário do Canela Rua Basílio da Gama, s/n. Gabinete 44 CEP 40101-040 - Salvador, BA, Brazil tatianearaujosantos@yahoo.com.br

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Job insecurity among nurses, nursing technicians and nursing aides in public hospitals* * Extracted from the thesis: “Precarização do trabalho em enfermagem nos hospitais públicos: 2013-2017”, Programa de Pós-Graduação, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 2018.

Precarización del trabajo de enfermeras, técnicas y auxiliares de enfermería en los hospitales públicos

ABSTRACT

Objective:

Method:

Results:

Conclusion:

Job insecurity among nurses, nursing technicians and nursing aides in public hospitals^* * Extracted from the thesis: “Precarização do trabalho em enfermagem nos hospitais públicos: 2013-2017”, Programa de Pós-Graduação, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 2018.