Conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes de los estudiantes de enfermería sobre la práctica basada en la evidencia

Myakava, Lucas Hideki Kato; Santos, Mariana Alvina dos; Püschel, Vilanice Alves de Araújo

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. esc. enferm. USP 55 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2020-0428 copiar

Conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes de los estudiantes de enfermería sobre la práctica basada en la evidencia

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivo:

Identificar los conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes de los estudiantes de enfermería de la Escuela de Enfermería de la Universidade de São Paulo sobre la Práctica Basada en la Evidencia y explorar las relaciones entre conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes y las variables asociadas.

Método:

Se trata de un estudio exploratorio, descriptivo y analítico, realizado con 125 estudiantes del bachillerato en enfermería. Los datos se obtuvieron con la aplicación del Cuestionario de Práctica Basada en la Evidencia.

Resultados:

La puntuación media del cuestionario fue del 4,73 (SD = 0,79) y el dominio de las Actitudes tuvo la puntuación más alta. Hubo una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre la puntuación del cuestionario y el año del curso (p < 0,001).

Conclusión:

Existe una laguna en los conocimientos y habilidades asociados a la Práctica Basada en la Evidencia entre los estudiantes de enfermería. Es necesario desarrollar estrategias eficaces para la enseñanza de esta asignatura en los cursos de pregrado de Enfermería.

DESCRIPTORES
Enfermería Basada en la Evidencia; Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud; Estudiantes de Enfermería; Educación en Enfermería

Variable	N (%)		95% CI^** *The nursing graduation of EEUSP lasts four years and is offered as a full-time course with a total workload of 4170 hours.
Course year ^* *CI = Confidence Interval.
1st	28 (24.40)		15.98–30.47
2nd	35 (28.00)		20.88–36.44
3rd	37 (29.60)		22.30–38.11
4th	25 (20.00)		13.93–27.86
Gender
Female	99 (79.20)		71.27–85.39
Male	26 (20.80)		14.61–28.73
Knows EBP
Yes	104 (83.20)		75.68–88.74
No	21 (16.80)		11.26–24.32
	Mean(SD^* SD = Standard Deviation. )	Median	95% CI ^* *The nursing graduation of EEUSP lasts four years and is offered as a full-time course with a total workload of 4170 hours.
Age	23.07 (3.35)	22.61	22.59–23.84

Domains	Total		1st Year		2nd Year		3rd Year		4th Year
Domains	Mean (SD^** CI = Confidence Interval; *SD = Standard Deviation. )	95% CI^* CI = Confidence Interval; *SD = Standard Deviation.	Mean (SD)	95% CI	Mean (SD)	95% CI	Mean (SD)	95% CI	Mean (SD)	95% CI
Evidence-based nursing practice	4.76 (1.15)	4.55–4.95	4.24 (1.49)	3.62–4.72	4.77 (1.13)	4.36–5.10	4.86 (0.84)	4.57–5.11	5.21 (0.99)	4.76–5.53
Attitudes related to EBP	5.33 (0.75)	5.20–5.46	5.21 (0.79)	4.90–5.51	5.30 (0.75)	5.04–5.56	5.26 (0.69)	5.03–5.50	5.60 (0.74)	5.30–5.91
Knowledge and skills associated to EPB	4.55 (0.86)	4.39–4.70	4.09 (0.86)	3.76–4.42	4.41 (0.94)	4.09–4.74	4.60 (0.68)	4.37–4.82	5.16 (0.63)	4.90–5.42
Total EBPQ	4.73 (0.79)	4.59–4.87	4.31 (0.83)	3.99–4.64	4.65 (0.84)	4.36–4.94	4.77 (0.64)	4.56–4.99	5.25 (0.58)	5.01–5.49

Domains	Mean (SD)	95% CI^* *CI = Confidence Interval.
Evidence-based nursing practice
1. Formulated a clearly answerable question	4.65 (1.49)	4.37–4.90
2. Searched for relevant evidence	5.14 (1.52)	4.85–5.38
3. Critically assessed, based on defined criteria	4.02 (1.68)	3.72–4.31
4. Integrated evidence	5.26 (1.54)	4.98–5.52
5. Assessed practice results	4.69 (1.63)	4.39–4.96
6. Shared this information with peers	4.76 (1.62)	4.47–5.03
Attitudes related to EBP
7. I dedicate time to be up to date	3.90 (1.47)	3.64–4.16
8. I am open to questioning of my practice	5.61 (1.26)	5.38–5.82
9. EBP is fundamental for professional practice	6.66 (0.73)	6.51–6.77
10. I maintain tested and reliable methods	5.06 (1.39)	4.80–5.29
Knowledge and skills associated to EBP
11. Research skills	4.50 (1.18)	4.29–4.70
12. Informatics skills	4.81 (1.44)	4.55–5.05
13. Skills in monitoring and practice review	3.98 (1.35)	3.74–4.21
14. Converting needs for information into a question	4.26 (1.43)	4.01–4.51
15. Knowledge of the main types and sources of information	4.28 (1.29)	4.05–4.50
16. Capacity for identifying gaps in professional practice	4.58 (1.33)	4.34–4.81
17. Knowledge on how to raise evidence	4.06 (1.39)	3.82–4.30
18. Capacity of critically assessing evidence	4.34 (1.33)	4.10–4.56
19. Capacity of determining how valid the material is	4.38 (1.38)	4.14–4.62
20. Capacity of determining how applicable the material is	4.22 (1.37)	3.97–4.45
21. Capacity of applying knowledge to individual cases	4.50 (1.32)	4.26–4.72
22. Sharing ideas and knowledge with peers	5.01 (1.29)	4.78–5.23
23. Disseminating new ideas among peers	5.08 (1.33)	4.84–5.30
24. Capacity of reassessing my own practice	5.38 (1.20)	5.16–5.58

Domains	Evidence-based nursing practice	Attitudes related to EBP	Knowledge and skills associated to EBP	Total
Year (Mean and SD) ^* *One-way ANOVA, except Kruskal-Wallis test for Domain Practice.
1st	4.24 (1.49)	5.21 (0.79)	4.09 (0.86)	4.31 (0.83)
2nd	4.77 (1.13)	5.30 (0.75)	4.41 (0.94)	4.65 (0.84)
3rd	4.86 (0.84)	5.26 (0.69)	4.60 (0.68)	4.77 (0.64)
4th	5.21 (0.99)	5.60 (0.74)	5.16 (0.63)	5.25 (0.58)
p-value	0.044	0.223	<0.001	<0.001
Gender (Mean and SD) ^ t-test, except Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney for Domain Practice.
Female	4.74 (1.21)	5.31 (0.73)	4.56 (0.87)	4.73 (0.81)
Male	4.86 (0.90)	5.39 (0.82)	4.48 (0.86)	4.72 (0.75)
p-value	0.944	0.666	0.657	0.966
Age ^* *Pearson correlation analysis.
r	0.149	0.075	0.243	0.221
p-value	0.103	0.416	0.007	0.015

Resources used for updating knowledge
Variable	Scientific journal/scientific articles	Manuals and recommendations by the Ministry of Health	Academic books	Participation in congress/seminar/symposium	Systematic reviews
Answers	103	99	92	79	39
Percentage	82.40	79.20	73.60	63.20	31.20
Reading habits
Variable	Academic books	Nonacademic books	Scientific journals	Magazines	News
Frequently	65	59	30	9	83
Rarely	57	60	62	57	40
Never	3	6	33	59	2
Level of knowledge of foreign languages
Variable	English	Spanish	French	German
Advanced	38	4	0	0
Intermediate	53	25	2	2
Basic	32	69	15	7
No knowledge	2	27	108	116

Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419 , 05403-000 São Paulo - SP/ Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 11) 3061-7553, - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: reeusp@usp.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Corresponding author: Lucas Hideki Kato Myakava, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar 419, Cerqueira César, CEP 05403-000 – São Paulo, SP, Brazil, lucashkm@usp.br