Temporal trend and factors associated to teenage pregnancy

Ecological study conducted with registers of babies born to teenage mothers between 2000 and 2015 from the Birth Information System (Sistema de Informação sobre Nascimento). Proportions were calculated year by year for a trend analysis of teenage pregnancy. Two series of three-year periods were collected for an odds ratio analysis of associated factors.

Results

The following variables were associated to teenage pregnancy: not having a partner; less than eight years of schooling; primiparity; gestational age shorter than thirty-seven weeks; caesarean section; less than seven appointments; and Apgar below seven in the first minute. A decline trend was observed among pregnant teenagers who had partners; growing trend for teenage expectant mothers who had more than eight years of schooling and premature birth; decline/growing for normal birth; growing for number of prenatal appointments; decline for first and fifth minute Apgar score; growing for congenital anomalies.

Conclusion

The analysis provided information that can be used to promote pregnancy prevention strategies and assistance to adolescent mothers.

Pregnancy in Adolescence; Adolescent Health; Obstetric Nursing; Maternal-Child Nursing

TP rate	β0	β1	r²	p	Trend
10 - 19 years	19.62	-0.44	0.75	<0.001	↓
10 - 14 years	1.24	-0.02	0.32	0.036	↓
15 - 19 years	33.27	-0.99	0.96	<0.001	↓/↑

TP %*
10 - 19 years	12.37	-0.51	0.96	<0.001	↓
10 - 14 years	0.36	-0.01	0.72	<0.001	↓
15 - 19 years	12.01	-0.49	0.96	<0.001	↓

Variables	2000 - 2002		OR	p-value	2013 - 2015		OR	p-value
	Teenagers	Adults			Teenagers	Adults
	%	%			%	%
Mother
Marital status
Without partner	69.1	30.8	5.0	<0.001	83.8	38.4	8.5	<0.001
With partner	30.9	65.8			15.8	61.4
Schooling
< 8 years	38.2	28.2	1.6	<0.001	5.4	1.9	2.9	<0.001
≥ 8 years	61.5	71.2			94.5	98.0
Parity
Primiparous	79.1	38.7	6.3	<0.001	80.5	40.8	6.0	<0.001
Multiparous	19.6	60.7			19.4	59.0
Pregnancy and Birth
Duration of pregnancy
< 37 weeks	8.5	6.8	1.3	0.008	12.1	11.7	1.0	0.645
≥ 37 weeks	91.5	93.1			87.5	88.0
Type of pregnancy
Single	98.5	97.6			98.9	97.3	0.4	<0.001
Multiple	1.5	2.4	0.6	0.015	1.1	2.7
Type of birth
Normal	46.0	22.7	2.9	<0.001	44.2	38.9	1.2	<0.001
Caesarean section	54.0	77.3			55.8	61.0
Number of prenatal appointments
< 7	36.1	21.9	1.9	<0.001	75.6	70.8	1.3	<0.001
≥ 7	68.5	77.6			24.4	29.1
Newborn
Gender
Male	52.7	51.1	1.1	0.185	50.8	50.8	1.0	0.973
Female	47,.3	48.9			49.2	49.2
Birth weight
< 2500	8.2	7.1	1.2	0.108	9.7	9.3	1.1	0.568
≥ 2500	91.8	92.8			90.3	90.7
Apgar in the first minute
< 7	8.4	5.7	1.5	<0.001	8.2	6.4	1.3	0.007
≥ 7	90.8	93.9			91.8	93.6
Apgar in the 5th minute
< 7	1.6	1.1	1.4	0.085	1.0	0.7	1.3	0.303
≥ 7	97.8	14.4			99.0	99.2
Congenital anomaly
Yes	0.7	1.0	0.7	0.277	1.1	0.8	1.3	0.268
No	99.3	99.0			98.9	99.2

Mother	Model	r2	p	Trend
Marital status
With partner	22.09-2.91x+1.03x²	0.82	<0.001	↓/↑
Without partner	77.90+2.91x-1.04x²	0.82	<0.001	↑/↓
Schooling
< 8 years	y=30.34-1.06x	0.80	<0.001	↓
≥ 8 years	y=69.55+1.07x	0.79	<0.001	↑
Pregnancy and Birth
Duration of pregnancy
< 37 weeks	y=10.90+0.35x	0.76	<0.001	↑
≥ 37 weeks	y=89.07-0.36x	0.77	<0.001	↓
Type of pregnancy
Single	y=98.95+0.03x	0.28	0.054	-
Multiple	y=1.05-0.03x	0.27	0.054	-
Type of birth
Normal	y=40.60-0.73x+0.08x²	0.72	<0.001	↓/↑
Caesarean section	y=59.40+0,73x+0.08x²	0.72	<0.001	↑/↓
Number of prenatal appointments
< 7	y=31.90-0.23x	0.36	0.022	↓
≥ 7	y=68.31-0.33x-0.03x²+0.02x³	0.85	<0.001	↑/↓/↑
Birth site
Hospital	y=99.74+0.01x	0.28	0.051	-
Others	y=0.26-0.01x	0.28	0.051	-
Newborn
Gender
Male	y=52.32-0.15x	0.47	0.007	↓
Female	y=47.67+0.15x	0.47	0.007	↑
Weight at birth
< 2500	y=9.44+0.08x	0.20	0.113	-
≥ 2500	y=90.56-0.08x	0.19	0.117	-
Apgar in the first minute
< 7	y=15.65+0.46x-0.03x²-0.01x³	0.84	<0.001	↑/↓
≥ 7	y=84.07-0.43x+0.03x²+0.01x³	0.75	0.001	↑/↓/↑
Apgar in the 5th minute
< 7	y=2.48+0.12x	0.57	0.002	↑
≥ 7	y=97.30-0.08x	0.40	0.015	↓
Congenital anomaly
Yes	y=0.79+0.05x	0.69	<0.001	↑
No	y=99.16-0,04x	0.73	<0.001	↓

Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419 , 05403-000 São Paulo - SP/ Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 11) 3061-7553, - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: reeusp@usp.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Corresponding author: Mislaine Casagrande de Lima Lopes Rua Tunas, 569 – Parque das Laranjeiras CEP 87083-170 – Maringá, PR, Brazil mislaine_lima@hotmail.com

Brasil

Brasil

Temporal trend and factors associated to teenage pregnancy* * Extracted from the thesis: “Tendência temporal da gravidez na adolescência: uma análise a partir do estado do Paraná e do município de Maringá”, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 2019.

ABSTRACT

Objective

Method

Results

Conclusion

Temporal trend and factors associated to teenage pregnancy^* * Extracted from the thesis: “Tendência temporal da gravidez na adolescência: uma análise a partir do estado do Paraná e do município de Maringá”, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 2019.