Keynes did not agree with Marx’s theory of money because it impeded the elaboration of monetary reforms to control capital accumulation. In contrast to Marx’s ideas, the policy proposals of Gesell, which reach back to Proudhon, indicate that it is possible for society to tame the chaotic forces of money in search of profits to guarantee economic and social prosperity. By interpreting the concept of liquidity preference with help of set theory from mathematics, we indicate that the core of the controversy lies at the question about the structural distinction between goods and money, and that Marx’s theory of money is indeed compatible with a monetary reform along the lines proposed by Proudhon, Gesell and Keynes.
KEYWORDS:
Keynes; Gesell; Proudhon; Marx; money theory.