Profile of congenital anomalies among live births in the municipality of Tangará da Serra, Mato Grosso, Brazil, 2006-2016

Silva, Juliana Herrero da; Terças, Ana Cláudia Pereira; Pinheiro, Laura Castelo Branco; França, Giovanny Vinícius Araújo de; Atanaka, Marina; Schüler-Faccini, Lavínia

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Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Epidemiol. Serv. Saúde 27 (3) • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.5123/S1679-49742018000300017 copy

Profile of congenital anomalies among live births in the municipality of Tangará da Serra, Mato Grosso, Brazil, 2006-2016^* * The study was funded by the Brazilian Health Ministry’s National Health Fund, Process No. 25000.162050/2016-86

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective:

to describe congenital anomalies (CA) among live births of mothers resident in Tangará da Serra, MT, Brazil, during the period 2006-2016.

Methods:

this was a descriptive study, using Brazilian Live Birth Information System (SINASC) data.

Results:

out of 15,689 births, 77 were registered with CA (prevalence of 4.9/1,000); there was an 80.7% increase of recorded CA in 2016, accounting for 10.3/1,000 live births, including five cases of microcephaly; CA prevalence was higher among children born to women aged over 35 years (prevalence ratio [PR] =1.91; confidence interval [95%CI] 1.01;3.60), preterm (PR=2.22; 95%CI 1.26;3.92) and low birth weight infants (PR=3.21; 95%CI 1.86;5.54).

Conclusion:

low CA prevalence was found, possibly related to under-recording at birth; the increase observed in 2016 may be related to the Zika epidemic causing microcephaly, as well as greater attention by health professionals in relation to CA during this public health emergency.

Keywords:
Congenital Anomalies; Live Birth; Information Systems; Public Health Surveillance; Zika Virus Infection; Microcephaly

Group of Diseases	Live births with congenital anomalies	Prevalence of congenital anomalies at birth (Per 1,000 live births)
Group of Diseases	n
Congenital malformations and deformations of the musculoskeletal system	27	1.72
‘Clubfoot'	7	0.45
Polydactyly, unspecified	5	0.32
Other unspecified congenital malformations of limb(s)	3	0.19
Gastroschisis	3	0.19
Congenital malformation, unspecified	3	0.19
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia	1	0.06
Other congenital deformities of feet	1	0.06
Congenital absence of hand and finger(s)	1	0.06
Thanatophoric short stature	1	0.06
Other congenital deformities of skull and face bones	1	0.06
Syndactyly, unspecified	1	0.06
Congenital malformations of the nervous system	23	1.47
Microcephaly	6	0.38
Congenital malformation, unspecified	5	0.32
Anencephaly	3	0.19
Spina bifida, unspecified	2	0.13
Other congenital malformation syndromes with other skeletal changes	2	0.13
Encephalocele, unspecified	2	0.13
Holoprosencephaly	1	0.06
Arnold-Chiari Syndrome	1	0.06
Hypoplasia and dysplasia of spinal cord	1	0.06
Congenital malformations of the digestive system	12	0.76
Congenital malformations of the lips	5	0.32
Congenital absence, atresia and stenosis	2	0.13
Congenital malformation, unspecified	1	0.06
Other congenital malformations of the mouth	1	0.06
Absence, atresia and congenital stenosis	1	0.06
Congenital malformation, unspecified	1	0.06
Atresia of esophagus with tracheo-esophageal fistula	1	0.06
Cleft Lip And Cleft Palate	6	0.38
Cleft palate, unspecified	3	0.19
Cleft palate with cleft lip	3	0.19
Congenital malformations of the circulatory system	4	0.25
Congenital malformation of heart, unspecified	2	0.13
Cardiac chambers and connections	1	0.06
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome	1	0.06
Other congenital malformations	4	0.25
Multiple congenital malformations, not elsewhere classified	2	0.13
Congenital malformation syndromes predominantly affecting facial appearance	1	0.06
Other specified congenital malformations of the intestine	1	0.06
Chromosomal abnormalities, not elsewhere classified	4	0.25
Down syndrome, unspecified	4	0.25
Congenital malformations of the musculoskeletal system	4	0.25
Other congenital malformations of the musculoskeletal system	2	0.13
Congenital absence and hypoplasia of the umbilical artery	1	0.06
Congenital malformation, unspecified	1	0.06
Congenital malformations of the respiratory system	3	0.19
Congenital hypoplasia and dysplasia of lung	2	0.13
Fissured, notched and cleft nose	1	0.06
Congenital malformations of the urinary system	1	0.06
Renal agenesis, unspecified	1	0.06
Congenital malformations of the eye, ear, face and neck	1	0.06
Congenital malformation, unspecified	1	0.06
Congenital malformations of the genital organ	1	0.06
Penile hypospadias	1	0.06

Type of congenital anomaly	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	Total
‘Clubfoot'	-	-	1	-	1	1	-	2	1	-	1	7
Microcephaly	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1	-	5	6
Deformation of the Lips	-	-	1	1	1	-	-	-	-	2	-	5
Polydactyly	2	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1	-	2	5
Congenital Hydrocephalus	-	1	-	-	1	-	-	-	1	-	1	4
Malformations of member	-	-	1	-	-	-	1	-	-	1	1	4
Down Syndrome	-	1	-	2	-	-	-	1	-	-	-	4
Cleft palate	1	-	-	-	1	-	-	-	1	-	-	3
Anencephaly	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1	1	1	-	3
Gastroschisis	1	1	1	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	3

Variables	Total number of live births (N= 15,689)	Live births with congenital anomalies		Prevalence of congenital anomalies at birth (Per 1,000 live births)		Prevalence Ratio		P-value
Variables	Total number of live births (N= 15,689)	n	%	Prevalence	(95% CI)^b	PR^a	(95% CI)^b
Age group (in years) (n= 15,689)								0.046
<35	14,429	66	85.7	4.6	3.6;5.8	1.00
≥35	1,260	11	14.3	8.7	4.8;15.7	1.91	1.01;3.60
Education level (in years of schooling) (n= 15,668)								0.456
≥7	3,609	18	24.0	5.0	3.1;7.9	1.00
8-11	8,719	37	49.3	4.2	3.1;5.9	0.85	0.49;1.49
≥12	3,340	20	26.7	6.0	3.9;9.3	1.20	0.64;2.27
Number of previous pregnancies (n= 14,646)								0.775
None	5,270	28	36.3	5.3	3.7;7.7	1.00
One	4,637	24	31.2	5.2	3.5;7.7	0.97	0.57;1.68
Two	2,580	11	14.3	4.3	2.4;7.7	0.80	0.40;1.61
Three or more	2,159	14	18.2	6.5	3.8;10.9	1.22	0.64;2.31
Number of living children (n= 14,519)								0.354
None	5,836	36	46.7	6.2	4.5;8.5	1.00
One	4,804	18	23.4	3.7	2.4;5.9	0.61	0.35;1.07
Two	2,381	14	18.2	5.9	3.5;9.9	0.95	0.52;1.76
Three or more	1,498	9	11.7	6.0	3.1;11.5	0.97	0.47;2.02
Number of fetal loss (n= 13,526)								0.582
None	11,206	61	79.2	5.4	4.2;7.0	1.00
One	1,907	14	18.2	7.3	4.4;12.4	1.35	0.76;2.41
Two or more	413	2	2.6	4.8	1.2;19.2	0.89	0.22;3.63
Duration of pregnancy (in weeks) (n= 15,667)								0.014
<37	1,621	15	20.0	9.3	5.6;15.3	2.22	1.26;3.92
37-41	13,693	57	76.0	4.2	3.2;5.4	1.00
≥42	353	3	4.0	8.5	2.7;26.1	2.04	0.64;6.49
Type of pregnancy (n= 15,688)								0.238
Single	15,376	74	96.1	4.8	3.8;6.0	1.00
Double	312	3	3.9	9.6	3.1;29.4	2.00	0.63;6.30
Child's sex (n= 15,689)								0.648
Male	7,946	41	53.3	5.2	3.8;7.0	1.00
Female	7,743	36	46.7	4.6	3.4;6.4	0.90	0.58;1.41
Birth weight (n= 15,688)								<0.001
<2,500g	1,186	16	20.8	13.5	8.3;21.9	3.21	1.86;5.54
≥2,500g	14,502	61	79.2	4.2	3.3;5.4	1.00

Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente - Ministério da Saúde do Brasil SRTVN Quadra 701, Via W5 Norte, Lote D, Edifício P0700, CEP: 70719-040, +55 (61) 3315-3464 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: revista.saude@saude.gov.br

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[1] Correspondence: Lavinia Schüler-Faccini - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Genética, Agência Campus Vale, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. CEP: 91501-970 Caixa Postal: 15053 E-mail: lavinia.faccini@ufrgs.br

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Profile of congenital anomalies among live births in the municipality of Tangará da Serra, Mato Grosso, Brazil, 2006-2016* * The study was funded by the Brazilian Health Ministry’s National Health Fund, Process No. 25000.162050/2016-86

Abstract

Objective:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusion:

Profile of congenital anomalies among live births in the municipality of Tangará da Serra, Mato Grosso, Brazil, 2006-2016^* * The study was funded by the Brazilian Health Ministry’s National Health Fund, Process No. 25000.162050/2016-86