Microcephaly in Brazil: prevalence and characterization of cases from the Information System on Live Births (Sinasc), 2000-2015

this is a descriptive study with data from the Information System on Live Births (Sinasc). The coefficients were calculated by region and characteristics of mothers and live births (LB).

RESULTS:

the annual average number of microcephaly cases was 164 for the period 2000-2014, whilst in 2015, 1,608 cases were registered (54.6 cases per 100 thousand LB). Higher coefficients were observed among preterm babies (81.7; 95%CI 72.3;92.2), born from black-skinned (70.9; 95%CI 58.5;85.9) or to brown-skinned (71.5; 95%CI67.4;75.8) women, to women aged ≤19 (70.3; 95%CI 63.5;77.8) or ≥40 (62.1; 95%CI 46.6;82.6), with ≤3 years of study (73.4; 95%CI 58.2;92.4) and residents in the Northeast region (138.7; 95%CI 130.9;147.0).

CONCLUSION:

the high number of microcephaly cases in 2015 reinforces the importance of Sinasc and the need to improve the surveillance of congenital anomalies.

Key words:
Microcephaly; Congenital Anomaly; Live Birth; Epidemiology, Descriptive; Brazil

Authorship

Fatima Marinho

Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Brasília-DF, BrasilMinistério da SaúdeBrazilBrasília, DF, BrazilMinistério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Brasília-DF, Brasil

Valdelaine Etelvina Miranda de Araújo

Denise Lopes Porto

Helena Luna Ferreira

Marta Roberta Santana Coelho

Roberto Carlos Reyes Lecca

Helio de Oliveira

Ivana Pereira de Almeida Poncioni

Maria Helian Nunes Maranhão

Yluska Myrna Meneses Brandão e Mendes

Roberto Men Fernandes

Raquel Barbosa de Lima

Dácio de Lyra Rabello Neto

Marinho F and Araújo, VEM contributed to the conception and design of the study, results analysis and interpretation, drafting and critical review of the manuscript's content.

Porto, DL contributed to the conception and design of the study, preparation of the database, results analysis and interpretation, and manuscript's drafting.

Rabello Neto, DL contributed to the results analysis and interpretation, and critical review of the manuscript's content.

Ferreira, HL and Lecca, RCR contributed to the literature review and critical review of the manuscript's content.

Coelho, MRS, Oliveira, H, Poncioni, IPA, Maranhão, MHN, Brandão and Mendes, YMM, Fernandes, RM, Lima, RB contributed to the management of Sinasc nationwide and to drafting the preliminary versions of the manuscript.

All the authors have approved the final version of the manuscript and declared to be responsible for all the work aspects, ensuring its accuracy and integrity.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures | Tables

Figures (1)
Tables (4)

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Figure 1 -
Prevalence coefficient of microcephaly at birth (per 100 thousand live births), according to the mother's region of residence, 2000-2015 (A); month of childbirth in 2015 (B) and state of residence in the Brazilian Northeast region in 2015^a (C)

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Table 1 -
Absolute frequency of live births with microcephaly, according to year of birth and mother's region of residence; Brazil, 2000 to 2015^a

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Table 2 -
Frequency of live births and prevalence coefficient of microcephaly at birth (per 100 thousand live births), according to sociodemographic characteristics, region and population size of the mothers' municipality of residence; Brazil, 2015^a

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Table 3 -
Frequency of live births and prevalence coefficient of microcephaly at birth (per 100 thousand live births). according to characteristics of prenatal care and childbirth; Brazil. 2015^a

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Table 4 -
Frequency of live births and prevalence coefficient of microcephaly at birth (per 100 thousand live births), according to characteristics of the newborns; Brazil, 2015^a

Figure 1 - Prevalence coefficient of microcephaly at birth (per 100 thousand live births), according to the mother's region of residence, 2000-2015 (A); month of childbirth in 2015 (B) and state of residence in the Brazilian Northeast region in 2015^a (C)

Table 1 - Absolute frequency of live births with microcephaly, according to year of birth and mother's region of residence; Brazil, 2000 to 2015^a

a) Number of live births in 2015 = 2,951,136 (partial data updated on 12/02/2016)

Table 2 - Frequency of live births and prevalence coefficient of microcephaly at birth (per 100 thousand live births), according to sociodemographic characteristics, region and population size of the mothers' municipality of residence; Brazil, 2015^a

Note: the values ignored according to category are: age group (0.0%); education level (1.8%); ethnicity/skin color (4.0%), marital status (1.2%), region (0.0%) and population size (0.0%).
a) Number of live births in 2015 = 2,951,136 (partial data updated on 02/12/2016)
b) Numerator = No. of live births with microcephaly; Denominator=total of live births; Multiplication factor = 100,000
c) 95%CI: 95% confidence interval
d) Combination of the category ethnicity/skin color of black+brown

Table 3 - Frequency of live births and prevalence coefficient of microcephaly at birth (per 100 thousand live births). according to characteristics of prenatal care and childbirth; Brazil. 2015^a

Note: the ignored values according to categories are: prenatal care appointment (4.0%); trimester of the first prenatal care appointment (9.3%); type of pregnancy (0.2%); type of childbirth (0.5%) and place of childbirth (0.0%)
a) Number of live births in 2015 = 2.951.136 (partial data updated on 02/12/2016)
b) Numerator = No. of live births with microcephaly; Denominator = total number of live births; Multiplication factor = 100,000
c) 95%CI: 95% confidence interval

Table 4 - Frequency of live births and prevalence coefficient of microcephaly at birth (per 100 thousand live births), according to characteristics of the newborns; Brazil, 2015^a

Note: the ignored values according to categories are: weeks of pregnancy (3.5%); sex (0.6%), Apgar at 1st minute (2.0%), Apgar at 5th minute (2.0%), birth weight (0.1%).
a) Number of live births in 2015 = 2,951,136 (partial data updated on 02/12/2016)
b) Numerator = No. of live births with microcephaly; Denominator = total number of live births; Multiplication factor = 100,000
c) 95%CI: 95% confidence interval

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Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente - Ministério da Saúde do Brasil SRTVN Quadra 701, Via W5 Norte, Lote D, Edifício P0700, CEP: 70719-040, +55 61 3315-3464, Fax: +55 61 3315-3464 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
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Microcephaly in Brazil: prevalence and characterization of cases from the Information System on Live Births (Sinasc), 2000-2015

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[1] Marinho F and Araújo, VEM contributed to the conception and design of the study, results analysis and interpretation, drafting and critical review of the manuscript's content.