The present article discusses the role of public universities in the Brazilian society. It occurs within the context of accelerated globalization, in the scenario of 'market', with fundamental differences between 'advanced countries' and 'less advanced countries', in relation to the privileges in the world economic market. It is proposed the adoption of the alternative scenarios (Guadilla, 1994) to superate this dichotomy, coordinating the local necessities with the world economic globalization. The role of public universities is emphasized, mainly, in the formation of critical professionals. The study indicates the necessity of integrated projects of research and education, with social and economical relevance.
university; science and technology; society; education; environment