01
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Nteleki B, Abrahamse H, Houreld NN. (2015) South Africa33 |
Seven adult patients with 15 lower limbs ulcers diagnosed with type II diabetes |
Prospective single-blind experimental pilot study. |
Group 2: LED phototherapy and standard treatment. Group 3: LED phototherapy of the ulcer and lymph nodes and standard treatment (cleaning with 0.9% SS, Iruxol mono if slough, cured with Silbecor 1% with bandage and Primapore). |
Group 1: Placebo LED phototherapy and standard podiatric treatment (cleansing with 0.9% SS, Iruxol mono if slough, Silbecor 1% together with bandage and Primapore. |
Twice a week until healing or a maximum period of 90 days |
The ulcers were examined visually and by digital photography. Photographs were taken before and after each treatment session. A tripod was used for standardization. |
The combination of standard podiatric treatment and LED phototherapy has the potential to stimulate and increase ulcer healing rates. There was an increase in the healing rate in all three groups. Of the 67% ulcers treated with LED phototherapy, 40% healed within eight weeks and only 10% of placebo-treated ulcers healed. |
02
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Nunes GAMA, Reis MC, RosaMFF, PeixotoLRT, Rocha AF, Rosa SSRF. (2016) Brazil34
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Five patients who had ten chronic ulcers associated with diabetic foot |
Randomized clinical trial |
Eight ulcers treated with a natural latex insole and an LED phototherapy matrix |
Five ulcers treated with a standard dressing. Before applying the silver foam dressing, debridement and cleaning with 0.9% saline solution and gauze |
Weekly - minimum of 28 days |
The ulcers were photographed with a digital camera. The patient sat on chair, with the camera on a tripod parallel to the wounds, with a focal length of 15 cm. |
After four weeks the conventional treatment achieved a healing of 51.8% while the treatment with LED phototherapy achieved 78.4%. |
03
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Frangez I, Cankar K, Frangez HB, SmrkeDM. (2017) Slovenia/ Eastern Europe35 |
40 diabetic patients and 39 without diabetes with chronic wounds on the lower limbs |
Randomized double-blind clinical trial |
20 patients with LED phototherapy - (diabetics) 19 patients with LED-phototherapy (non-diabetics) |
20 placebo therapy patients (diabetics, control). 20 placebo therapy patients (non-diabetic, control) The placebo was performed with light that simulated LED, but with no known biological effect. |
Three times a week for eight weeks |
Blood analysis and microcirculation that were assessed by Laser Doppler flowmetry before the first treatment and at the end. Assessment of the wound bed by the Falanga score. |
Assessment of the wound bed showed faster healing in the LED-treated groups compared to the control group. Blood flow measured by Doppler revealed greater microcirculation in the groups treated with LED and no difference in the control groups. |
04
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Romanelli M, Piaggesi A, Scapagnini G, Dini V, Janowska A, Lacopi E, et al. (2018) Italy36 |
99 patients: 52 leg venous ulcers, 32 diabetic foot ulcers and 15 pressure ulcers |
Multicenter, prospective, observational and uncontrolled study |
Application of a layer of chromophore gel and light in the area with LED for 5 minutes. In combination with standard chronic wound care (debridement and cleaning with 0.9% SS). |
- |
Fortnightly |
The assessment of the area and the healing time of the wound was performed with an imaging device called the Silhouette Imaging System. |
Wound closure was achieved in 47 patients: 26 (50%) with venous ulcers (VU), 16 (50%) with diabetic foot and 5 (33.3%) with pressure ulcer (PU). The mean healing time was 41.3 days for diabetic foot, 82.3 days for VU and 81.2 days for PU. 18 wounds did not respond to treatment: 10 (19.2%) VU, 4 (12.5%) diabetic foot and 4 (26.6%) PU. |
05
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FrangezI, Nizic-Kos T, Frangez HB.(2018) Slovenia/ Eastern Europe37
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30 patients with Diabetes Mellitus and chronic wound |
Prospective double-blind and randomized study |
Application of LED phototherapy in patients with Diabetes Mellitus and chronic wound. There was no specification on the amount of each group. |
30 patients treated with light simulating LED phototherapy |
Three times/ week for eight weeks |
The wound surface was measured using a photography image. The Pressure Ulcer Scale for healing instrument was used. The wound area was compared with the application of different wavelengths: 625,660 and 850 J/cm2.
|
In patients who received LED, there was a reduction (56%) of the wound, and in the control group, it reduced by 65% (p>0.05). The rediction of did not vary with different wavelengths. Between the 4th and 8th week, there was a significant improvement (p<0.05) in the granulation tissue, with fibrin and exudate. There was no wound complete healing. |
06
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Ivanova YV, Klimova EM, Prasol VA, Mushenko EV, Korobov AM, Pogorielov MV, et al. (2018) Ukraine38
|
48 patients with ischemic and neuroischemic forms of diabetic foot syndrome |
Randomized clinical trial |
24 patients with ischemic foot necrosis. Used violet, blue, green and red LED phototherapy. Debridement was associated with vacuum therapy, autodermoplasty, antiseptics, ointments, sorbent covers, etc. |
24 patients with ischemic ischemic foot necrosis and wounds after debridement and daily dressings (antiseptics, ointments, sorbent covers, etc.). It also associated vacuum therapy and autodermoplasty. |
Three to five sessions |
Clinical, laboratory, non-invasive, invasive tests of patients ate preoperative to determine the extent of disturbance in blood flow, collateral circulation, and microcirculation. |
The treatment achieved complete healing in 91.7% of patients, partial healing (more than 50%) in 8.3% of patients, and prevented amputations. There was complete healing by 31 days after surgery. The combination of dressings, LED and growth factor were effective in accelerating healing time. |
07
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López-Delis A, Rosa SSRF, Souza PEN, CarneiroMLB, Rosa MFF, MacedoYCL, et al. (2018) Brazil23 |
15 patients with lower limb ischemia and neuropathic ulcers. |
Controlled and randomized study |
Group I: Five participants, application of natural latex adhesive + LED phototherapy. Professional nurse made the dressing. Group III: Five participants, application of natural latex adhesive + LED phototherapy. The patient applied the dressing at home. |
Group II: Five participants, standard care (use of silver alginate dressings) assisted by nurses |
Fortnightly |
Two samples of the wound and venous blood were collected to assess the formation of free radicals. Collect tissue from the wound by scraping to assess the healing process. A spectrophotometer was used for measurements. |
The association (latex + LED phototherapy) showed acceleration of wound healing with formation of granulation tissue, when compared to the control group. There was a high concentration of free radicals at the beginning and during the treatment and at the end its reduction, in the experimental group, being associated with the wound healing process. The wounds that nurses dressed healed faster and did not develop infection. |
08
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Vitoriano NAM, Mont’Alverne DGB, Martins MIS, Silva PS, Martins CA, Teixeira H.D, et al. (2019) Brazil39 |
12 patients with diabetic ulcer |
Randomized clinical trial, comparative, with a quantitative approach. |
Application of LED phototherapy |
Wounds treated with GaAlAs Laser |
Twice/week with ten sessions |
Photographic records and neuropathy assessment. |
At the end of the 10th session, there was a reduction in the wound area of 79.5% in the LASER group and 55.86% in the LED group (p<0.05). As for the percentage, the Laser group showed a reduction of 81.7% and the LED group of 62.26%. As for the assessment of the neuropathic picture, there was a significant improvement (p<0.05) in both therapies. |