Conocimiento de estudiantes de la salud acerca de la profilaxia pré y post exposición al VIH

Matos, Matheus Costa Brandão; Araújo, Telma Maria Evangelista de; Queiroz, Artur Acelino Francisco Luz Nunes; Borges, Paulo de Tarso Moura

Matheus Costa Brandão Matos

Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Enfermagem. Teresina, Piauí, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5649-1679

Telma Maria Evangelista de Araújo

Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Enfermagem. Teresina, Piauí, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5628-9577

Artur Acelino Francisco Luz Nunes Queiroz

Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto. Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil.

Universidade Nova de Lisboa (NOVA), Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública. Lisboa, Portugal.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6350-1908

Paulo de Tarso Moura Borges

Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Medicina. Teresina, Piauí, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2121-6156

Corresponding author:
Matheus Costa Brandão Matos E-mail: matheuscbmatos@gmail.com

Authorship contribution

Matheus Costa Brandão Matos contributed to the conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, project management, resources, supervision, validation, visualization, writing - original draft and writing - review and editing.

Telma Maria Evangelista de Araújo contributed to the conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, financing prospection, research, methodology, project management, resources, software, supervision, validation, visualization, and writing - review and editing.

Artur Acelino Francisco Luz Nunes Queiroz contributed to the formal analysis, investigation, methodology, validation, visualization, writing - original draft and writing - review and editing.

Paulo Tarso Borges contributed to the formal analysis, investigation, resources, visualization, writing - original draft and writing - review and editing.

Associate editor

Helga Geremias Gouveia

Editor-in-chief

Maria da Graça Oliveira Crossetti

Variables	n	%
Course
Nursing	60	35.7
Medicine	108	64.3
Period
Intermediate:	101	60.1
Concluding	67	39.9
Age
Up to 21 years old	43	25.6
From 22 to 24 years old	84	50.0
Over 24 years of age	41	24.4
Mean ± standard deviation	23.03 ± 2.78
Gender
Female	95	56.5
Male	73	43.5
Marital status
Married/Common law marriage	10	6.0
In a committed relationship	49	29.2
Separated	1	,6
Single	108	64.3
Number of people you live with
Up to 3 people	67	39.9
More than 3 people	101	60.1
Has individual income
No	122	72.6
Yes	46	27.4
Average family income per month (MW)
< 2	39	23.2
From 2 to 4.9	32	19.1
From 5 to 10	46	27.4
> 10	40	23.8
Absent	11	6.5
Sexual orientation
Bisexual	10	6.0
Heterosexual	145	86.3
Homosexual	13	7.7
Has religious belief
No	28	16.7
Yes	140	83.3

Variables	n	%
Have you heard of PrEP
No	7	4.2
I do not know or do not remember	6	3.6
Yes	155	92.3
Do you know what PrEP is
No	11	6.5
I do not know or do not remember	12	7.1
Yes	145	86.3
Do you know where to find PrEP
No	45	26.8
Yes	123	73.2
If so, where^ab
Pharmacies	9	7.3
Reference Hospitals	2	1.6
Health Care Services	123	99.2
Anyone using PrEP should stop using a condom
No	153	91.1
I don`t know	8	4.8
Yes	7	4.2
What is the priority population for using PrEP^a
Men who have sex with men (MSM)	98	58.3
Lesbian women	26	15.5
HIV serodiscordant partnerships	145	86.3
Trans people	54	32.1
Sex workers	119	70.8
I don`t know	4	2.4
What is the PrEP recommendation criterion^a
Recurrent episodes of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)	50	29.8
Anal (receptive or insertive) or vaginal intercourse, without using a condom, in the last six months	66	39.3
Anal or vaginal sexual intercourse with an HIV-infected person without a condom	131	78.0
Repeated use of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP)	63	37.5
How long does it take to use PrEP before exposure to ensure protection from exposure^a
Any type of relationship requires 10 days of use prior to exposure	41	24.4
Anal intercourse requires 7 days of use prior to exposure	33	19.6
Vaginal intercourse requires 20 days of use prior to exposure	29	17.3
I don`t know	89	53.0
How often should a PrEP user take an HIV test
Every 3 months	124	73.8
There is no need	8	4.8
Once a month	36	21.4
Have you heard of PEP
No	5	3.0
I do not know or do not remember	4	2.4
Yes	159	94.6
Do you know what PEP is
No	10	6.0
Yes	158	94.0
Do you know where to find PEP
No	21	12.5
Yes	147	87.5
If so, where ^ab
Pharmacies	8	5.4
Reference Hospitals	1	0.7
Health Care Services	147	100.0
Situations where PEP is recommended^a
Occupational accident (with sharp objects or direct contact with biological material)	157	93.5
Unprotected sexual intercourse (without using a condom or upon rupturing a condom)	138	82.1
Sexual violence	160	95.2
Newborns of HIV+ mothers	2	1.2
Children can use PEP
No	6	3.6
Yes	86	51.2
I do not know or do not remember	76	45.2
What are the side effects of PEP^a
Headache	94	56.0
Balance disorders	43	25.6
Emotional disorders	1	0.6
Muscle pain	42	25.0
Gastrointestinal effects	120	71.4
Myelotoxicity	1	0.6
There are no side effects	1	0.6
I don`t know	43	25.6
How long after exposure to HIV should PEP be started
I don`t know	13	7.7
Preferably within 7 days of exposure to HIV	4	2.4
Preferably in the first 24 hours and at most 48 hours	28	16.7
Preferably in the first two hours and a maximum of 72 hours	123	73.2
How long should the PEP be taken
For 28 uninterrupted days	121	72.0
For 72 hours	15	8.9
For the rest of your life	1	0.6
I don't know or I don't want to answer	31	18.5
People using PEP need health monitoring
It depends on the situation of each person exposed	23	13.7
I don`t know	8	4.8
Yes	137	81.5
If so, how long should follow-up last^b
It depends on each exposed person’s individual situation	65	38.7
I don`t know	42	25.0
Up to 30 days	12	7.1
Up to 90 days	49	29.2
Where did you learn about PEP and PrEP^a
Friends	12	7.2
Internet	52	31.1
Others: Study group	1	0.6
Others: Video classes	1	0.6
Others: Experiences	1	0.6
Healthcare professionals	43	25.7
University	158	94.6

Knowledge	Course
	Medicine		Nursing		Total
	n	%	n	%	n	%
Low	18	(16.7)	19	(31.7)	37	(22.0)
Medium	54	(50.0)	29	(48.3)	83	(49.4)
High	36	(33.3)	12	(20.0)	48	(28.6)

	Knowledge
	Low		Medium		High		p-value
	n	%	n	%	n	%	p-value
Course
Nursing	19	(51.4)	27	(32.5)	14	(29.2)	0.074^a
Medicine	18	(48.6)	56	(67.5)	34	(70.8)
Period
Intermediate:	23	(62.2)	50	(60.2)	28	(58.3)	0.937^a
Concluding	14	(37.8)	33	(39.8)	20	(41.7)
Age
Up to 21 years old	17	(45.9)	14	(16.9)	12	(25.0)	0.006^a
From 22 to 24 years old	17	(45.9)	45	(54.2)	22	(45.8)
Over 24 years of age	3	(8.1)	24	(28.9)	14	(29.2)
Gender
Female	27	(73.0)	41	(49.4)	27	(56.3)	0.055^a
Male	10	(27.0)	42	(50.6)	21	(43.8)
Marital status
Married/Common law marriage	-	-	6	(7.2)	4	(8.3)	0.368^b
In a committed relationship	10	(27.0)	27	(32.5)	12	(25.0)
Single	27	(73.0)	50	(60.2)	32	(66.7)
Number of people you live with
Up to 3 people	15	(40.5)	34	(41.0)	18	(37.5)	0.923^a
More than 3 people	22	(59.5)	49	(59.0)	30	(62.5)
Has individual income
No	29	(78.4)	61	(73.5)	32	(66.7)	0.471^a
Yes	8	(21.6)	22	(26.5)	16	(33.3)
Average family income per month (MW)
< 2	11	(33.3)	16	(20.8)	12	(25.5)	0.567^a
From 2 to 4.9	7	(21.2)	18	(23.4)	7	(14.9)
From 5 to 9.9	8	(24.2)	22	(28.6)	16	(34.0)
> 10	7	(21.2)	21	(27.3)	12	(25.5)
Sexual orientation
Bisexual	-	-	7	(8.4)	3	(6.3)	0.028^b
Heterosexual	35	(94.6)	73	(88.0)	37	(77.1)
Homosexual	2	(5.4)	3	(3.6)	8	(16.7)
Has religious belief
No	6	(16.2)	11	(13.3)	11	(22.9)	0.358^a
Yes	31	(83.8)	72	(86.7)	37	(77.1)
Workload^d
Up to 30 hours	13	(35.1)	30	(36.1)	16	(33.3)	0.959^a
From 30 to 90 hours	9	(24.3)	22	(26.5)	15	(31.3)
Over 90 hours	15	(40.5)	31	(37.3)	17	(35.4)
Where you acquired knowledge about HIV^c
Curricular subjects	35	(94.6)	79	(95.2)	48	(100.0)	0.660^b
School	1	(2.7)	1	(1.2)	-	-
Extracurricular internship	-	-	1	(1.2)	-	-
Events	-	-	1	(1.2)	-	-
Research groups/Scientific initiation	6	(16.2)	11	(13.3)	6	(12.5)
Internet	2	(5.4)	-	-	1	(2.1)
Academic leagues	3	(8.1)	11	(13.3)	8	(16.7)
Scientific literature	-	-	3	(3.6)	-	-

Variables	Knowledge
	Medium		High
	ORa (IC_95%)	p-value	ORa (IC^95%)	p-value
Course
Nursing	1		1
Medicine	1.5 (0.63 - 3.67)	0.345	2.9 (1.071 - 7.903)	0.03
Age
Up to 21 years old	1		1
From 22 to 24 years old	3.0 (1.21 - 7.60)	0.01	1.7 (0.65 - 4.90)	0.26
Over 24 years of age	9.1 (2.2 - 37.2)	0.00	6.6 (1.50 - 29.26)	0.01
Gender
Female	1		1
Male	1.8 (0.74 - 4.58)	0.18	1.0 (0.36 - 2.74)	0.99
Sexual orientation
Heterosexual	1
Homosexual	1.853 (0.36 - 9.40)	0.45	3.352 (0.65 - 17.20)	0.14

[1] Corresponding author:
Matheus Costa Brandão Matos E-mail: matheuscbmatos@gmail.com

Brasil

Brasil

Conocimiento de estudiantes de la salud acerca de la profilaxia pré y post exposición al VIH

RESUMEN

Objetivo

Método

Resultados

Conclusiones