Analysis of reported cases of repeated violence in Espírito Santo

Leite, Franciéle Marabotti Costa; Cavalcante, Gabriela Ravete; Garcia, Marieli Thomazini Piske; Souza, Elisa Aparecida Gomes de; Pedroso, Márcia Regina de Oliveira; Venturin, Bruna

doi:10.1590/1983-1447.2024.20230225.en

Brasil

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Original Article • Rev. Gaúcha Enferm. 45 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2024.20230225.en linkcopy

Analysis of reported cases of repeated violence in Espírito Santo

Análisis de casos de violencia repetida denunciados em Espirito Santo

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objectives: Identify the frequency of recurrent violence in cases reported in Espírito Santo and the associated factors.

Methods: Cross-sectional study. Which included data on violence in Espírito Santo from 2011 to 2018, from the Notifiable Diseases Information System, and, Statistical analyzes were performed using the chi-square test and Poisson regression.

Results: 54.2% (N:14.966) of reported cases of violence are repeated, and higher prevalences were associated with female sex (PR:1.54), child (PR: 1.29) or elderly victims (PR: 1.25), the presence of disabilities/disorders (PR:1.42) and occurrence in urban/peri-urban areas (PR: 1.10). Furthermore, there is a greater frequency of injuries caused by a single aggressor (PR: 1.20), man (PR: 1.28), aged 25 or over (PR: 1.09), known to the victim (PR: 2.81) and at home (PR: 1.69).

Conclusion: The reported cases of violence showed a high frequency of recurrence, and were associated with the studied characteristics of the victim, the aggressor and the event.

Keywords: Violence; Notification; Cross-Sectional Studies; Health Services; Public Health

Variables	N	%	CI 95%
Characteristics of the victim
Sex
Male	2413	16.1	15.5-16.7
Female	12553	83.9	83.3-84.5
Age range
0- 9 years	1002	6.7	6.3-7.1
10-19 years	3094	20.7	20.0-21.3
20-59 years	9933	66.3	65.6-67.1
60 years and over	937	6.3	5.9-6.7
Race/Color
White	4344	32.1	31.3-32.9
Black/Brown	9178	67.9	67.1-68.7
Disabilities/Disorders
No	10922	80.5	79.8-81.1
Yes	2652	19.5	18.9-20.2
Area of residence
Urban/Peri-urban	13329	91.1	90.6-91.5
Rural	1309	8.9	8.5-9.4
Characteristics of the aggressor
Age range of the aggressor
0 - 24 years	3453	33.1	32.3-34.1
25 years or over	6964	66.9	65.9-67.8
Sex of the aggressor
Male	9923	68.1	67.3-68.8
Female	4083	28.0	27.3-28.8
Both	570	3.9	3.6-4.2
Relationship with the victim
Known	10574	95.9	95.6-96.3
Unknown	447	4.1	3.7-4.4
Suspected alcohol use
No	6673	58.8	57.9-59.7
Yes	4670	41.2	40.3-42.1
Characteristics of the event
Number of people involved
One	12887	88.1	87.6-88.6
Two or more	1737	11.9	11.4-12.4
Place of occurrence
Residence	11877	83.0	82.4-83.6
Public road	1471	10.3	9.8-10.8
Others	957	6.7	6.3-7.1

Variables	N	%	CI 95%	p-value
Characteristics of the victim
Sex
Male	2413	38.4	37.2-39.6	<0.001
Female	12553	58.9	58.2-59.5
Age range
0-9 years	1002	55.3	53.0-57.5	<0.001
10-19 years	3094	46.4	45.2-47.6
20-59 years	9933	56.7	56.0-57.5
60 years and over	937	58.1	55.7-60.5
Race/Color
White	4344	54.0	52.9-55.1	0.574
Black/Brown	9178	54,4	53.6-55.1
Disabilities/Disorders
No	10922	51,2	50.5-51.8	<0.001
Yes	2652	71.4	70.0-72.9
Area of residence
Urban/ Peri-urban	13329	54.6	54.0-55.3	<0.001
Rural	1309	47.9	46.0-49.7
Characteristics of the aggressor
Age range of the aggressor
0-24 years	3453	50.8	49.6-52.0	<0.001
25 years and over	6964	58.3	57.4-59.1
Sex of the aggressor
Male	9923	55.9	55.2-56.7	<0.001
Female	4083	51.9	50.8-53.0
Both	570	64.6	61.4-67.7
Relationship with the victim
Known	10574	62,0	61.3-62.7	<0.001
Unknown	447	15.5	14.2-16.9
Suspected alcohol use
No	6673	53.9	53.0-54.8	<0.001
Yes	4670	58.6	57.5-59.7
Characteristics of the event
Number of people involved
One	12887	56.9	56.2-57.5	<0.001
Two or more	1737	44.5	43.0-46.1
Place of occurrence
Residence	11877	62.4	61.7-63.1	<0.001
Public road	1471	31.7	30.4-33.0
Others	957	35.6	33.8-37.4

Variables	Crude analysis			Adjusted analysis
Variables	PR	CI 95%	p-value	PR	CI 95%	p-value
Characteristics of the victim
Sex
Male	1.0		<0.001	1.0		<0.001
Female	1.53	1.48-1.59		1.54	1.48-1.59
Age range
0- 9 years	1.19	1.13-1.25	<0.001	1.29	1.23-1.36	<0.001
10-19 years	1.0			1.0
20-59 years	1.22	1.19-1.26		1.14	1.11-1.18
60 years and over	1.25	1.19-1.32		1.25	1.19-1.32
Disabilities/Disorders
No	1.0		<0.001	1.0		<0.001
Yes	1.40	1.36-1.43		1.42	1.38-1.45
Area of residence
Urban/Peri-urban	1.14	1.10-1.19	<0.001	1.10	1.05-1.15	<0.001
Rural	1.0			1.0
Characteristics of the aggressor
Age range of the aggressor
0-24 years	1.0		<0.001	1.0		<0.001
25 years and over	1.15	1.12-1.18		1.09	1.06-1.13
Sex of the aggressor
Male	1.08	1.05-1.10	<0.001	1.23	1.17-1.29	<0.001
Female	1.0			1.0
Both	1.24	1.18-1.31		1.51	1.38-1.66
Relationship with the victim
Known	4.0	3.67-4.36	<0.001	2.81	2.46-3.22	<0.001
Unknown	1.0			1.0
Suspected alcohol use
No	1.0		<0.001	1.0		0.083
Yes	1.09	1.06-1.12		1.03	0.99-1.07
Characteristics of the event
Number of people involved
One	1.28	1.23-1.33	<0.001	1.20	1.13-1.28	<0.001
Two or more	1.0			1.0
Place of occurrence
Residence	1.75	1.67-1.85	<0.001	1.69	1.57-1.83	<0.001
Public road	0.89	0.83-0.95		1.11	1.01-1.22
Others	1.0			1.0

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[TFN1] n: absolute frequency

[TFN2] %: relative frequency

[TFN3] CI 95%: confidence interval of 95%

[TFN4] Source: SINAN, 2011-2018