Distribution and spatial autocorrelation of the hospitalizations for cardiovascular diseases in adults in Brazil

Figueiredo, Fernanda Sabini Faix; Rodrigues, Thamires Fernandes Cardoso da Silva; Rêgo, Anderson da Silva; Andrade, Luciano de; Oliveira, Rosana Rosseto de; Radovanovic, Cremilde Aparecida Trindade

doi:10.1590/1983-1447.2020.20190314

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Original Article • Rev. Gaúcha Enferm. 41 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2020.20190314 copy

Distribution and spatial autocorrelation of the hospitalizations for cardiovascular diseases in adults in Brazil

Distribución y autocorrección de espacios en las admisiones de enfermedades cardiovasculares en adultos en Brasil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

To analyze the distribution and spatial autocorrelation of the hospitalization rates for cardiovascular diseases in adults, and to verify the correlation with socioeconomic and health factors in Brazil.

Methods:

An ecological study of hospitalization rates for cardiovascular diseases in adults from 2005 to 2016. Spatial dependence was analyzed by the Moran Global and Local autocorrelation coefficients. The correlation between hospitalization rates and socioeconomic and health variables was calculated using the Spearman’s correlation coefficient.

Results:

The highest hospitalization rates were observed in the states of Santa Catarina, Paraná, São Paulo, and Mato Grosso, with high-high autocorrelation clusters for ischemic heart disease. The hospitalizations for cardiovascular diseases were strongly correlated with low schooling, alcohol consumption, and diagnosis of hypertension.

Conclusion:

The high rates of hospitalization in the states mentioned, linked to socioeconomic and health factors, suggest public policies focused on the theme.

Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseases; Spatial analysis; Adult health; Hospitalization; Public health nursing; Epidemiological monitoring

	2005-2008			2009-2012			2013-2016
	N	%	Rate	n	%	Rate	n	%	Rate
CVDs
North	101,679	5.15	338.90	100,878	5.25	301.76	93,820	5.25	255.09
Northeast	394,026	19.95	362.66	403,837	21.02	345.65	386,343	21.63	312.81
Southeast	920,941	46.63	508.74	881,695	45.90	462.85	812,040	45.47	410.22
South	394,018	19.95	643.89	387,016	20.15	600.68	365,108	20.45	543.85
Midwest	164,365	8.32	546.44	147,679	7.69	447.95	128,457	7.19	359.50
Brazil	1,975,029	100.0	480.60	1,921,105	100.0	438.45	1,785,768	100.0	387.28
IHDs
North	10,696	2.95	35.65	11,319	2.91	33.86	14,253	3.51	38.75
Northeast	43,946	12.13	40.45	53,366	13.71	45.68	62,594	15.41	50.68
Southeast	186,873	51.59	103.23	194,032	49.84	101.86	194,050	47.77	98.03
South	96,634	26.68	157.92	102,929	26.44	159.75	106,676	26.26	158.90
Midwest	24,046	6.64	79.94	27,700	7.11	84.02	28,659	7.05	80.20
Brazil	362,195	100.0	88.14	389,346	100.0	88.86	406,232	100.0	88.10
CbVDs
North	13,325	5.24	44.41	13,443	5.49	40.21	15,070	5.78	40.98
Northeast	53,945	21.19	49.65	57,003	23.29	48.79	66,876	25.66	54.15
Southeast	120,274	47.26	66.44	110,945	45.33	58.24	111,917	42.94	56.54
South	47,870	18.81	78.23	45645	18.65	70.84	47,863	18.36	71.30
Midwest	19,105	7.51	63.52	17,725	7.24	53.76	18,899	7.25	52.89
Brazil	254,519	100.0	61.93	244,761	100.0	55.86	260,625	100.0	56.52

Socioeconomic variables	CVDs		IHDs		CbVDs
Socioeconomic variables	Correlation Coeff.*	p	Correlation Coeff.	P	Correlation Coeff.	p
Schooling <8 years	0.52	0.005	0.36	0.068	0.45	0.018
Population served by sewage	0.40	0.040	0.71	<0.001	0.33	0.089
Population served by water network	0.32	0.101	0.70	<0.001	0.32	0.103
IHDs**	0.32	0.099	0.72	<0.001	0.29	0.141
Mean per capita income	0.33	0.088	0.72	<0.001	0.25	0.209
Gini’s Index	-0.57	0.002	-0.72	<0.001	-0.44	0.022

Health variables	CVDs		IHDs		CbVDs
Health variables	Correlation Coeff.*	p	Correlation Coeff.*	P	Correlation Coeff.*	p
Alcohol consumption ≥1x in the week	0.53	0.005	0.58	0.002	0.55	0.003
Smokers	0.47	0.014	0.18	0.366	0.47	0.013
Users of tobacco by-products	0.43	0.024	0.14	0.473	0.47	0.013
High cholesterol	0.23	0.240	0.45	0.018	0.28	0.155
Medical diagnosis of SAH**	0.52	0.006	0.83	<0.001	0.41	0.036
High consumption of salt	0.31	0.110	0.45	0.017	0.16	0.420
FHS Coverage*** 2013-2016	-0.27	0.165	-0.34	0.082	-0.15	0.464

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[1] Corresponding author:
Anderson da Silva Rêgo E-mail: Anderson.dsre@hotmail.com