Abasi et al.2424. Abasi Z, Salari E, Rasahidi F, Taherpour M. Effect of massage on the intensity of pain caused by vaccination in newborn infants. J North Khorasan Univ Med Sci. 2011;3(3):51-6. doi: https://doi.org/10.29252/jnkums.3.3.51 https://doi.org/10.29252/jnkums.3.3.51 ...
/ Iran/2011 |
Randomized clinical trial/1B |
60 full-term newborns |
IG*) Effleurage and petressage massage (30) CG†) No intervention (30) |
Effleurage massage on the body and petressage on the extremities. |
30 minutes |
After 30 minutes of intervention, the mean pain intensity in the experimental group was lower than in the control group. |
Abbasoğlu et al.2525. Abbasoglu A, Cabıoğlu MT, Tuğcu AU, Ince DA, Tekindal MA, Ecevit A, et al. Acupressure at BL60 and K3 points before heel lancing in preterm infants. Explore. 2015;11(5):363-6. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2015.07.005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2015.0...
/ Turkey/ 2015 |
Randomized clinical trial/1B |
32 newborns (GA‡ 28-36 weeks) |
IG) Acupressure (16) CG) Usual care (16) |
Acupressure applied to BL60 and K3. |
3 minutes |
The mean duration of the procedure and crying were lower in the acupressure group. |
Abdallah et al.2626. Abdallah B, Badr LK, Hawwari M. The efficacy of massage on short and long term outcomes in preterm infants. Infant Behav Dev. 2013;36(4):662-9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2013.06.009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2013.06...
/ Lebanon/2013 |
Quasi-experimental study/3A |
50 newborns (GA 26-36 weeks) |
IG) Moderate pressure massage (27) CG) No intervention (23) |
Head, neck, back of neck, shoulders, arms, legs, buttocks, and hips |
10 minutes |
Reduction in PIPP§ after massage, and at discharge, compared to the control group. And increased cognitive scores. |
Chik et al.2727. Chik YM, Ip WY, Choi KC. The effect of upper limb massage on infants’ venipuncture pain. Pain Manag Nurs. 2017;18(1):50-7. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2016.10.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2016.10.00...
/ China/2017 |
Randomized clinical trial/1B |
80 newborns (GA 30 to 40 weeks) |
IG) Light pressure massage (40) CG) Usual care (40) |
Upper limbs |
2 minutes |
The mean difference between pain scores between receiving massage and control treatment was lower. |
Jain et al.2828. Jain S, Kumar P, Mcmillan DD. Prior leg massage decreases pain responses to heel stick in preterm babies. J Paediatr Child Health. 2006;42(9):505-8 doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2006.00912.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2006...
/ Canada/ 2006 |
Randomized clinical trial/1B |
23 newborns (GA 28-35 weeks) |
IG) Light pressure massage (13) CG) No intervention (10) |
In the punctured limb, toes and thigh. |
2 minutes |
HR||, mean serum cortisol and NIPS¶ were higher in the control group. |
Mathai et al.2929. Mathai S, Natrajan N, Rajalakshmi NR. A comparative study of non-pharmacological methods to reduce pain in neonates. Indian Pediatr. 2006 [cited 2020 Dez 15];43(12):1070-5. Available from: https://www.indianpediatrics.net/dec2006/1070.pdf . https://www.indianpediatrics.net/dec2006...
/ India/2006 |
Randomized clinical trial/1B |
104 full-term newborns (> 24 hours of life) |
IG) Extracted Breast Milk; sucrose; NNS**; Massage; and Swinging. CG) Absent |
Massage the forehead, chest, arms and legs in a cyclic manner. |
2 minutes |
At 2 and 4 minutes pain scores were lower in the NNS and swing groups. The total duration of crying was also shorter in the NNS and swing groups. |
Mirzarahimi et al.3030. Mirzarahimi M, Mehrnoush N, Shahizadeh S, Samadi N, Amani F. Effect of non-nutritive sucking and leg massage on physiological and behavioral indicators of pain following heel blood sampling in term neonates. Int J Nurs Stud. 2013;2(2):74-9. doi: https://doi.org/10.14419/ijans.v2i2.578 https://doi.org/10.14419/ijans.v2i2.578...
/ Iran/2013 |
Randomized clinical trial/1B |
90 newborns (IGl up to 37 weeks) |
IG) Massage (30) and NNS (30) CG) No intervention (30) |
Punctured limb, toes to thigh. |
2 minutes |
Lower variation in SpO2†† in the massage group. Changes in PIPP scores were lower in the massage group. |
Özkan et al.3131. Özkan TK, Küçükkelepçe DS, Özkan SA. The effects of acupressure and foot massage on pain during heel lancing in neonates: a randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Med. 2019;46:103-8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2019.08.004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2019.08.0...
/ Turkey/ 2019 |
Randomized clinical trial/1B |
139 full-term NB‡‡ (GA 38 to 40 weeks) |
IG) Acupressure (46) and massage (47) CG) No intervention (46) |
Acupressure at Kun Lun (UB60) and Taixi (K3) points and foot. |
2 minutes |
The acupressure, massage and control groups had means of 4.30 ± 2.25, 3.95 ± 2.63, 6.04 ± 1.26, respectively. |
Rafati et al.3232. Rafati S, Rejeh N, Tadrisi S, Karimi M, Molodi A. Effect of massage on physiological pain responses of blood sampling in infants. Iran J Nurs Res. 2015 [cited 2020 Dez 15];10(2):45-53. Available from: http://ijnr.ir/article-1-1525-en.html http://ijnr.ir/article-1-1525-en.html...
/ Iran/2015 |
Randomized clinical trial/1B |
136 newborns admitted to the NICU*** |
IG) Efleurage massage (68) CG) Usual care (68) |
Antecubital fossa |
1 minute |
Pain intensity mean in the experimental group was lower than in the control group and reduced crying time during procedure. |
Roshanray et al.3333. Roshanray A, Rayyani M, Dehghan M, Faghih A. Comparative effect of mother’s hug and massage on neonatal pain behaviors caused by blood sampling: a randomized clinical trial. J Trop Pediatr. 2020;66(5):479-86. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/tropej/fmaa001 https://doi.org/10.1093/tropej/fmaa001...
/ Iran/2020 |
Randomized clinical trial/1B |
135 newborns (GA 38-42 weeks) |
IG) Massage (45) and maternal hug (45) CG) Usual care (45) |
Foot massage, from fingertips to mid-leg |
2 minutes |
After 5 minutes, pain and HR decreased in the maternal hug group compared to the massage and control groups. The duration of crying in the maternal hug group was shorter than in the other groups. |
Salimi et al.3434. Salimi T, Dehghani K, Afkhami A, Karjoo Z, Shadkam MN, Zadeh HF. Comparing the effect of breast-milk and leg massage on neonate’s pain intensity during heel-blood sampling in Neonatal Care Unit. JSSU. 2020;27(12):2192-202. doi: https://doi.org/10.18502/ssu.v27i12.2835 https://doi.org/10.18502/ssu.v27i12.2835...
/ Iran/2020 |
Randomized clinical trial/1B |
30 newborns from the Neonatal Care Unit |
IG) Breastfeeding and Massage (15) CG) Massage and Breastfeeding (15) |
Massage performed on the lower limbs |
3 minutes |
There was a significant difference for the pain score during and after the intervention of each of the two groups. |
Zargham-boroujeni et al.3535. Zargham-Boroujeni A, Elsagh A, Mohammadizadeh M. The effects of massage and breastfeeding on response to venipuncture pain among hospitalized neonates. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2017;22(4):308-12. doi: https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.IJNMR_119_13 https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.IJNMR_119_...
/ Iran/2017 |
Randomized clinical trial/1B |
75 newborns (GA > 34 weeks) |
IG) Massage (25) and Breastfeeding (25) CG) No intervention (25) |
Effleurage massage at the venous puncture site. |
3 minutes |
The lowest mean pain score was recorded in the massage group. The ANOVA test and post hoc statistics revealed that both interventions resulted in a significant reduction in pain scores. |