Desenvolvimento, julgamento da validade e confiabilidade de um instrumento de avaliação da Alfabetização em Saúde Bucal entre diabéticos

MARTINS, Andréa Maria Eleutério de Barros Lima; AMORIM, Mônica Maria Teixeira; CARVALHO, Bianca Oliveira de; PINTO, Rodrigo Alves; FRÓES, Danielle Tayrine Celestina; SANTOS, Aline Soares Figueiredo

RESUMO

Objetivo

Conduzir a validação de conteúdo e a verificação da confiabilidade de um instrumento em forma de questionário, denominado “Alfabetização em Saúde Bucal entre diabéticos” que foi idealizado para investigar se houve acesso, compreensão, avaliação e aplicação de informações relacionados à saúde bucal entre diabéticos.

Métodos

Trata-se de uma pesquisa metodológica que foi realizada através da aplicação do Instrumento entre 109 participantes, uma vez que no mínimo 60 participantes devem ser considerados em estudos teste/reteste. A investigação respeitou os princípios éticos da pesquisa. A avaliação de conteúdo foi feita por cirurgiões-dentistas, que verificaram a relevância e a capacidade de mensuração dos níveis de alfabetização do Instrumento. A confiabilidade/reprodutibilidade foi estimada pelo teste/reteste em um intervalo de três a sete dias pelo Kappa, utilizando o SPSS^®.

Resultados

A validade de conteúdo do Instrumento evidenciou capacidade do instrumento em mensurar os níveis de alfabetização em saúde bucal entre diabéticos. O Kappa variou de -0,09 a 1. Das 150 perguntas somente 16 não apresentaram níveis de concordância satisfatórios, ou seja, Kappa ? 0,60. Optou-se por condensar o Alfabetização em Saúde Bucal inicialmente com 150 perguntas, para uma versão com 30 perguntas.

Conclusão

do Alfabetização em Saúde Bucal entre diabéticos foi considerado válido quanto ao conteúdo e de forma geral a sua confiabilidade foi satisfatória. Recomenda-se o uso do Instrumento na academia e nos serviços de saúde visando melhorar a qualidade de vida dos diabéticos.

Termos de indexação
Confiabilidade dos dados; Diabetes Mellitus; Saúde bucal; Reprodutibilidade dos testes

[1] Correspondence to: AMEB Lima. E-mail: martins.andreamebl@gmail.com.

1. Have you received any information about oral health?						1
2. When was the last time you received oral health information?						0,755
3. How often do you receive information about oral health?						0,823
4. Did you understand the information you have already received about oral health?						0,717
5. Can you appraise whether the information you have already received about oral health is true or false?						0,827
6. Can you rank in more or less important the information you have already received about oral health?						0,805
7. Can you identify the information quality you have already received about quality oral health?						0,726
8. Can you appraise the advantages and disadvantages of different dental treatments considering the information you have already received about oral health?						0,730
9. Do you put into practice in your daily life the information you have received about Oral Health?						0,798
10. Do you maintain a proper behavior, considering the information you have received on Oral Health?						0,714
From which health professional(s) have you received information about oral health?
	Yes/No	Last time	Understanding	Appraisal	Practice
Doctor	0,901	0,780	0,470	1	0,669
Nurse/Crew	0,955	0,821	-0,176	0,615	0,528
Dentist/Dental Team	0,957	0,828	0,805	0,772	0,773
Community Health Agent	0,901	0,899	-0,090	0,555	0,647
Other? Who?	0,970	0,823	0,727	0,823	0,666
What issues were considered when you received information about oral health?
	Yes/No	Last Time	Understanding	Appraisal	Practice
Caries	0,980	0,689	0,823	0,753	0,787
Dental Canal treatment	0,960	0,626	0,786	0,834	0,771
Gingival problems / Gingival bleeding	0,970	0,771	0,774	0,797	0,772
Bone loss around teeth / Dental mobility	0,980	0,746	0,416	0,538	0,508
Dental trauma	0,950	0,746	0,863	1	0,400
Bruxism / clenching	0,960	0,576	0,750	0,777	0,708
Oral cancer	0,950	0,722	0,777	0,882	0,760
Dental prosthesis	0,960	0,782	0,742	0,739	0,623
Dental implants	0,970	0,768	0,739	0,733	0,884
Orthodontic treatment	0,930	0,832	0,502	0,729	0,785
Other?	0,980	1	1	1	0,499
Have you read information about oral health in printed or electronic materials?
	Yes/No	Last Time	Understanding	Appraisal	Practice
Dental recipes	0,930	0,627	0,850	0,907	0,945
Package leaflets for medicinal products / Oral Rinse and / or Toothpaste Labels	0,930	0,723	0,521	0,488	0,672
Pre-and / or post-dental care guidelines	0,910	0,762	0,793	0,878	0,757
Poster	0,960	0,798	0,681	0,777	0,683
Reviews	0,920	0,829	0,865	0,625	0,766
Newspapers	0,970	0,869	0,624	0,625	0,857
Flyer / Folder / Booklet	0,924	0,853	0,485	0,504	0,808
Internet	0,960	0,750	0,646	0,778	0,729
Other?	0,980
Have you ever watched and/or heard about oral health information in print or electronic materials?
	Yes/No	Last Time	Understanding	Appraisal	Practice
Educational video	0,910	0,660	0,710	0,710	0,799
Television	0,901	0,755	0,820	0,813	0,903
Radio	0,950	0,781	1	1	0,877
Internet	0,960	1	1	1	0,400
Lecture	0,950	0,818	0,817	0,798	0,810
Movie / cinema	0,940	0,684	0,744	0,912	0,823
Other, which?	0,980	1	1	1	1

1. Have you received any information about oral health?		1	0 No 1 Yes
2. When was the last time you received oral health information?		2	0 Never received information 1More than 2 years ago 2In the last two years 3In the last year	4 In the last 6 months 5In the last month 99No answer/ did not know
3. How often do you receive information about oral health?		3	0 Never received information 1Interval bigger than 2 years 2from 2 to 2 years 3Once each year	4 Once in the last 6 months 5Once in the last month 99No answer/ did not know
4. Did you understand the information you have already received about oral health?		4	0 Never received information 1Did not understand 2Understood poorly 3Understood partially	4 Understood almost everything 5Understood everything 99No answer/ did not know
5. Can you appraise whether the information you have already received about oral health is true or false?		5	0 Never received information 1Unable 2Able with major difficulty 3Able with some difficulty	4 Able with minor difficulty 5Easily able 99No answer/ did not know
6. Can you rank in more or less important the information you have already received about oral health?		6	0 Never received information 1Unable 2Able with major difficulty 3Able with some difficulty	4 Able with minor difficulty 5Easily able 99No answer/ did not know
7. Can you identify the information quality you have already received about quality oral health?		7	0 Never received information 1Unable 2Able with major difficulty 3Able with some difficulty	4 Able with minor difficulty 5Easily able 99No answer/ did not know
8. Can you appraise the advantages and disadvantages of different dental treatments considering the information you have already received about oral health?		8	0 Never received information 1Unable 2Able with major difficulty 3Able with some difficulty	4 Able with minor difficulty 5Easily able 99No answer/Did not know
9. Do you put into practice in your daily life the information you have received about Oral Health?		9	0 Never received information 1Never 2Seldom 3Sometimes	4 Frequently 5Always 99No answer/ did not know
10. Do you maintain a proper behavior, considering the information you have received on Oral Health?		10	0 Never received information 1Never 2Seldom 3Sometimes	4 Frequently 5Always 99No answer/ did not know
11. From which health professional(s) have you received information about oral health?	12. When was the last time you received information about oral health from this\these professional(s)?	13. Did you understand the information you received about oral health from the(se) professional(s)?	14. Can you appraise the quality of the information you received about oral health from the(se) professional(s)?	15. Do you put into practice the information you received about oral health from the(se) professional(s)?
0 Doctor 0 Nurse/Crew 0 Dental Surgeon(s)/Team 0 Community Health Agent 0 Other? Who? _______________________	0 Never received information 1Interval bigger than 2 years 2In the last 2 years 3In the last year 4In the last 6 months 5In the last month 98 Not applicable 99No answer/ did not know	0 Never received information 1Did not understand 2Understood poorly 3Understood partially 4Understood almost everything 5Understood everything 98 Not applicable 99No answer/Did not know	0 Never received information 1Unable 2Able with major difficulty 3Able with some difficulty 4Able with minor difficulty 5Easily able 98 Not applicable 99No answer/Did not know	0 Never received information 1Never 2Seldom 3Sometimes 4Frequently 5Always 98 Not applicable 99No answer/Did not know
16. What issues were considered when you received information about oral health?	17. When was the last time you received information about oral health from this\these issues?	18. Did you understand the information you received about oral health from the(se) issues?	19. Can you appraise the quality of the information you received about oral health from the(se) issues?	20. Do you put into practice the information you received about oral health from the(se) issues?
0 Caries 0 Dental Canal treatment 0 Gingival problems / Gingival bleeding 0 Bone loss around teeth / Dental mobility 0 Oral Hygiene 0 Dental trauma 0 Bruxism / clenching 0 Oral cancer 0 Dental prosthesis 0 Dental implants 0 Orthodontic treatment 0 Other, which? _______________________	0 Never received information 1Interval bigger than 2 years 2In the last 2 years 3In the last year 4In the last 6 months 5In the last month 98 Not applicable 99No answer/Did not know	0 Never received information 1Did not understand 2Understood poorly 3Understood partially 4Understood almost everything 5Understood everything 98 Not applicable 99No answer/Did not know	0 Never received information 1Unable 2Able with major difficulty 3Able with some difficulty 4Able with minor difficulty 5Easily able 98 Not applicable 99No answer/Did not know	0 Never received information 1Never 2Seldom 3Sometimes 4Frequently 5Always 98 Not applicable 99No answer/Did not know
21. Have you read information about oral health in printed or electronic materials?	22. When was the last time you read information about oral health in print or electronic materials?	23. Did you understand the information about oral health you read from those printed or electronic materials?	24. Can you appraise the quality of oral health information from those printed or electronic materials?	25. Do you put oral health information from printed or electronic materials into practice?
0 Dental recipes 0 Package leaflets for medicinal products / Oral Rinse and / or Toothpaste Labels 0 Pre-and / or post-dental care guidelines 0 Poster 0 Reviews 0 Newspapers 0 Billboard 0 Flyer / Folder / Booklet 0 Internet 0 Other, which? ______________________	0 Never received information 1Interval bigger than 2 years 2In the last 2 years 3In the last year 4In the last 6 months 5In the last month 98 Not applicable 99No answer/Did not know	0 Never received information 1Did not understand 2Understood poorly 3Understood partially 4Understood almost everything 5Understood everything 98 Not applicable 99No answer/Did not know	0 Never received information 1Unable 2Able with major difficulty 3Able with some difficulty 4Able with minor difficulty 5Easily able 98 Not applicable 99No answer/Did not know	0 Never received information 1Never 2Seldom 3Sometimes 4Frequently 5Always 98 Not applicable 99No answer/Did not know
26. Have you ever watched and/or heard about oral health information in print or electronic materials?	27. What was the last time you watched and/or heard oral health information in print or electronic materials?	28. Did you understand the information you watched and/or heard about oral health from those printed or electronic materials?	29. Can you appraise the quality of the information about oral health you watched and/or heard from those printed or electronic materials?	30. Do you put oral health information you watched and/or heard from printed or electronic materials into practice?
0 Educational video 0 Television 0 Radio 0 Internet 0 Lecture 0 Movie / cinema 0 Other, which? _______________________	0 Never received information 1Interval bigger than 2 years 2In the last 2 years 3In the last year 4In the last 6 months 5In the last month 98 Not applicable 99No answer/Did not know	0 Never received information 1Did not understand 2Understood poorly 3Understood partially 4Understood almost everything 5Understood everything 98 Not applicable 99No answer/Did not know	0 Never received information 1Unable 2Able with major difficulty 3Able with some difficulty 4Able with minor difficulty 5Easily able 98 Not applicable 99No answer/Did not know	0 Never received information 1Never 2Seldom 3Sometimes 4Frequently 5Always 98 Not applicable 99No answer/Did not know