Effect of restoration technique on stress distribution in extensively destroyed premolars: a finite element analysis study

Efeito da técnica restauradora na distribuição de tensões em pré-molares extensamente destruídos: uma análise por elementos finitos

ABSTRACT

Objective:  The objective of this study by the finite element method was to analyze the stress distribution on a single-rooted mandibular premolar tooth restored in two different ways.

Methods:  Laboratory simulation considered the following situations: 1) premolar restored with gold cast post and ceramic crown; 2) premolar restored with glass fiber post, composite resin core and ceramic crown. For this we used a two-dimensional model of a premolar with load application of 300N in the axial and oblique directions within the ANSYS program for Windows.

Results:  Under the axial load, a higher concentration of stresses was observed around the cast post (166 MPa). In the oblique load simulation, there was a concentration of stresses on the buccal root wall, internally and externally, in the tooth restored with cast post (222 MPa). In both load directions, the glass fiber post dissipated the stress received with greater uniformity (55 to 111 MPa).

Conclusion:  These data suggested that from the biomechanical point of view, the use of a glass fiber post and composite resin core could be more advantageous than the cast post technique for a mandibular single-rooted premolar tooth.

Indexing terms: Dental prosthesis; Dental restoration failure; Laboratory research; Post and core technique.