Self-perception of aesthetic dental treatment: an integrative review

This study aimed to conduct a literature review on self-perception of oral aesthetics in individuals undergoing cosmetic dental treatment and its impact on quality of life.

Methods:

834 articles were found, of these, 31 articles were selected and accessed from the scientific productions indexed in the PubMed, LILACS and SciELO electronic databases. To rescue the sample, the following descriptors were used in Portuguese: estética dentária, odontologia cosmética, autoimagem and autopercepção; and in English: dental esthetics, cosmetic dentistry, self-image and self-perception, from 2016 to 2021.

Results:

The articles highlighted the relationship between aesthetic self-perception and the need for treatment. It was found that the aesthetic and psychosocial self-perception had a positive impact, improving the self-esteem and quality of life of individuals after undergoing aesthetic dental treatments.

Conclusions:

The research considered that new studies should be carried out on this theme, and that dentists should seek more knowledge related to oral and general health conditions, as well as on the self-perception of oral aesthetics, in order to prepare them for the performance. of interventions and planning of curative actions.

Indexing terms
Dental esthetics; Quality of life; Self-image

Author/Year	Databases	Study Design	Results
Alves et al. [⁸8 Ramirez CO, Fuentealba CM, Nunez CV, Munoz ZL, Daza NS. Percepción estética del paciente desdentado comparada con la opinión de expertos. Rev Clínica Periodoncia, Implantol y Rehabil Oral. 2016 Abr;9(1):54-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.piro.2015.11.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.piro.2015.11.0... ]	Interfaces: Saúde Humanas e Tecnologia	Literature review	A good integrated planning, with the correct indication, enables a more conservative approach to the tooth structure, presenting itself as an excellent solution for aesthetic and functional changes of the smile.
Corrêa et al. [²2 Corrêa HW, Bitencourt FV, Nogueira AV, Toassi RFC. Saúde bucal em usuários da atenção primária: análise qualitativa da autopercepção relacionada ao uso e necessidade de prótese dentária. Physis. 2016 Jun;26(2):503-524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-73312016000200009 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-7331201600... ]	Physis	A clinical case report	There was great appreciation of the use dental prosthesis for the possibility of oral rehabilitation.
Martin et al. [⁵5 Martin J, Rivas V, Vildósola P, Moncada L, Junior OBO, Saad JRC, et al. Personality style in patients looking for tooth bleaching and its correlation with treatment satisfaction. Braz Dent J. 2016 Fev;27(1):60-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201600127 https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-64402016001... ]	Braz Dent J.	Exploratory study	Patients looking for tooth bleaching treatment seem to have common personality characteristics.
Mesquita & Vasques [⁹9 Probst LF, Ambrosano GMB, Cortellazzi KL, Guerra LM, Dasilva MR, Tomar S, et al. Fatores associados aos sentimentos decorrentes da perda dentária total e às expectativas de reposição protética em adultos e idosos. Cad Saúde Coletiva. 2016 Set;24(3):347-354. 10.1590/1414-462X201600030244]	Rev Bahiana Odontol	Literature review	It is unquestionable the importance of knowledge by the professional, about the material and the technique, to obtain a satisfactory result.
Ramíres et al. [¹⁰10 Bersezio C, Martin J, Herrera A, Loguercio A, Fernandez E. The effects of at-home whitening on patients’ oral health, psychology, and aesthetic perception. BMC Oral Health. 2018 Dez;18(208):1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-018-0668-2 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-018-0668-... ]	Rev Clínica Periodoncia, Implantol y Rehabil Oral	In vitro study	The aesthetic perception of edentulous patients rehabilitated with complete dentures and the opinion of a panel of aesthetic experts were positive.
Probst et al. [¹¹11 Rodrigues FS, Silva SSS, Silva AC, Lyra MCA, Silveira MAC, Roseblatt A. Oral health-related quality of life and its association with malocclusion and self-perception of dental aesthetics in adolescents. Brazilian J Dev. 2020 Nov;6(11):84172-84185. https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv6n10-742 https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv6n10-742... ]	Cad Saude Colet	A cross-sectional study	The patients who reported having lost their teeth due to fear of undergoing treatment or access difficulties were the ones who suffered most from tooth loss.
Rezende & Fajardo [⁷7 Rezende MCRA, Fajardo RS. Abordagem estética na Odontologia. Arch Heal Investig. 2016 Mar;5(1):50-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21270/archi.v5i1.1298 https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v5i1.1298... ]	Arch Health Invest	Literature review	Beauty provides advantage from birth to adulthood for social; professional; and affective relationships.
Sallenave et al. [¹²12 Rebouças AG, Zanin L, Ambrosano GMB, Flório FM. Fatores individuais associados à má oclusão em adolescentes. Ciênc Saúde Colet. 2017 Nov;22(11):3723-3732. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320172211.04972016 https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232017221... ]	Ceramica	Systematic literature review	The mechanical and biological similarity among the materials suggests that ceramic abutments are a good treatment option for implantsupported restorations.
Santos et al. [³3 Santos BC, Dantas LF, Silva SC, Lima LHA, Agra DM, Fernandes DC. Odontologia estética e qualidade de vida: Revisão integrativa. Semin Cienc Biol Saude. 2016 Nov;3(3):91-100.]	Semina cienc biol saude	Integrative literature review	The oral esthetics is a transforming agent, highly trained to promote improvements in self-esteem, as well as meet the functional needs, such as chewing, speech ands wallowing, providing, in this way, welfare to the individual.
Santos et al., [¹³13 Zavanelli AC, Sonego MV, Zavanelli RA, Mazaro JVQ, Antenucci RMF. Perception and expectation. What do patients really want from the dental treatment? RGO, Rev Gaúcha Odontol. 2017 Set;65(3):243-248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-863720170002000093257 https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-86372017000... ]	Rev Ciência Plur	A cross-sectional study	There was association between self-reported rating of oral health with chewing, appearance of teeth and gums and treatment need.
Almeida et al. [¹⁴14 Bordin D, Fadel CB, Moimaz SAS, Santos CB, Garbin CAS, Saliba NA. Characterization of the self-perception of oral health in the Brazilian adult population. Ciênc Saúde Colet. 2020 Set;25(9):3647-3656. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020259.29612018 https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020259... ]	Rev Odontol UNESP	In vitro study	Differences in composite composition affect the color stability of the composites; and coffee changes the color of both; the roughness was not altered.
Costa et al. [⁶6 Costa AC, Rodrigues FS, Heimer MV. A autopercepção da estética dental e seu impacto na vida do adolescente. Adolesc Saúde. 2017 Out;14(4):157-166.]	Adolesc Saúde	Integrative literature review	Adolescents do perceive malocclusion which impacts their emotional well-being, and orthodontic treatment does improve self-esteem and satisfaction with appearance.
Rebouças et al. [¹⁵15 Moreira GE, Silva LF, Oliveira MR, Maia LSR, Fernandes LA, Lima DC. Dental self-perception and clinical dental description of participants in the Open University programme for elderly people. RGO, Rev Gaúcha Odontol. 2018 Dez;66(4):297-304. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-863720180004000023482 https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-86372018000... ]	Cienc Saude Colet	A cross-sectional study	Prevalence of severe/very severe malocclusions was 17.5%. The groups that lower household income and greater number of front and back teeth loss due to caries increased the odds for severe/very severe malocclusion.
Santos et al. [¹⁶16 Almeida L, Santin DC, Maran BM, Naufel FS, Schmitt VL. Avaliação do manchamento e da rugosidade superficial de materiais restauradores diretos após diferentes sistemas de polimento: estudo in vitro. Rev Odontol UNESP. 2019;48:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.09618. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.09618... ]	Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop.	A cross-sectional study	In the model, self-perception and self-esteem were statistically significant in relation to the perceived need for treatment.
Zavanelli et al. [¹⁷17 Moreira AP, Feiber M, Almeida L, Naufel FS, Schmitt VL. Avaliação do efeito cromático em resinas compostas nanopar-ticuladas submetidas a solução café. Rev Odontol UNESP. 2018 jun;47(3):137-142. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.04318. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.04318... ]	Rgo - Rev Gaúcha Odontol	A cross-sectional study	67.5% of patients were dissatisfied with the appearance of their teeth, and dissatisfaction with the color was the most important factor (66.8%).
Araújo et al. [¹⁸18 Cavalcanti SM, Valentim FB, Guerra SMG, Rosetti EP. Aesthetic perception of gingival smiles. Rev Odontol UNESP. 2018 Fev;47(1):45-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.08017 https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.08017... ]	Rev Odontol UNESP	A cross-sectional study	Cone beam computerized tomography is a viable tool for the maxillofacial region because it allowed the measurement of several parameters of soft and hard tissue of the buccal cavity.
Bersezio et al. [¹⁹19 Durigon M, Alessi BP, Neves M, Trentin MS. Perception of dentists, dental students, and patients on dentogingival aesthetics. Rev Odontol UNESP. 2018 Mar;47(2):92-97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.08917 https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.08917... ]	Qual Life Res.	Randomized clinical study	A both gels were highly effective in the technical walking bleach applications of non-vital teeth; the color achieved was stable 3-month post-treatment.
Bersezio et al. [²⁰20 Santos LM, Noro LRA, Roncalli AG, Teixeira AKM. Autoper-cepção sobre saúde bucal e sua relação com utilização de serviços e prevalência de dor de dente. Rev Ciência Plur. 2016;2(2):14-27. https://doi.org/10.21680/2446-7286.2016v2n2ID9470 https://doi.org/10.21680/2446-7286.2016v... ]	Bmc Oral Health	Clinical trial	The whitening procedure was effective. the factors for the one-month results were also all statistically significant, except the social impact factor.
Cavalcanti et al. [²¹21 Santos PR, Maneghim MC, Ambrosano GMB, Filho MV, Vedovello SAS. Influence of quality of life, self-perception, and self-esteem on orthodontic treatment need. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2017 Jan;151(1):143-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.06.028 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.06.... ]	Rev Odontol UNESP	A cross-sectional study	The aesthetic perceptions among the professionals are similar, and they observe more subtle changes in the aesthetics of the smile than the laypersons observe.
Durigon et al. [²²22 Estay J, Angel P, Bersezio C, Tonetto M, Jorquera G, Pena M, et al. The change of teeth color, whiteness variations and its psychosocial and self-perception effects when using low vs. high concentration bleaching gels: a one-year follow-up. BMC Oral Health. 2020 Sep;20(255):1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-020-01244-x https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-020-01244... ]	Rev Odontol UNESP	A cross-sectional study	Gingival displays between 0 and 2 mm were considered aesthetically pleasing. The patients considered +2 mm of gingival display the most harmonious smile.
Gadonski et al. [²³23 Silva MAF, Torres LMM, Souza DMB, Lima DAD, Cavalcanti RA, Ramos ATPR. Benefícios e malefícios durante o procedimento de clareamento dental: revisão integrativa. Rev Odontol Arac. 2021 Abr; 42(1):38-43.]	Rev Odontol UNESP	In vitro study	It was seen that both resins presented color change when exposed to coffee, however the Z350 resin presented a greater variation compared to Bulk Fill resin.
Moreira et al. [²⁴24 Bersezio C, Martin J, Mayer C, Rivera O, Estay J, Vernal R, et al. Quality of life and stability of tooth color change at three months after dental bleaching. Qual Life Res. 2018 Ago;27(12):3199-3207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-018-1972-7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-018-1972-... ]	Rgo - Rev Gaúcha Odontol	Cross-sectional epidemiological study	The clinical conditions showed that only 19.8% of the subjects were completely edentulous. Regarding self-perception of oral conditions, 34.9% considered it a regular perception.
Ribeiro et al. [²⁵25 Araújo LNM, Mendes DLV, Santos MT, Carvalho RD, Dantas EM, Calderon PS, et al. Caracterização tomográfica das áreas edêntulas previamente à reabilitação com implantes unitários. Rev Odontol UNESP. 2018 Ago;47(4):210-216. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.06518. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.06518... ]	ID on line Rev Psicol	A cross-sectional study	The results indicate that the elderly, even with low self-perception, classify oral health as satisfactory.
Soto et al. [⁴4 Soto KLZP, Ely HC, Mallmann FH, Abegg C. Necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico em adolescentes do Rio Grande do Sul: relação entre autopercepção e necessidade clínica. RFO UPF. 2018;23(2):186-172. http://dx.doi.org/10.5335/rfo.v23i2.8345 https://doi.org/10.5335/rfo.v23i2.8345... ]	RFO UPF	A cross-sectional study	The proportion of subjects who perceived the need for orthodontic treatment increased with the recommendation from the dentist.
Albuquerque et al. [¹1 Albuquerque RMSL, Cavalcanti LRO, Sena MSNB, Omena ARAS, Santos RGA, Panjwani CMBRG. Autopercepção, hábitos e impacto da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida dos estudantes de um Instituto Federal do Nordeste. Divers J. 2019 Mai;4(2):600-611. http://dx.doi.org/10.17648/diversitas-journal-v4i2.765 https://doi.org/10.17648/diversitas-jour... ]	Divers J	A cross-sectional study	Was observed that the students had a good perception, the variables related to the impact of oral conditions on the quality of life of these students were positive.
Martins et al. [²⁶26 Ribeiro MGA, Sant’Ana LLP, Souza LTR, Prado JP. Uso de prótese e autopercepção de saúde bucal entre idosos. ID on line Rev Psicol. 2018;12(42):1203-1214. https://doi.org/10.14295/idonline.v12i42.1409 https://doi.org/10.14295/idonline.v12i42... ]	Rgo - Rev Gaúcha Odontol	A clinical case report	A fifteen-day follow-up was performed, the occlusal adjustment was refined, and the patient reported complete satisfaction with the aesthetic and functional rehabilitation.
Bordin et al. [²⁷27 Martins JD, Lima CM, Miranda JS, Leite FPP, Tanaka R, Miyashita E. Digital smile designing, pressing and stratifying ceramic lithium disilicate veneers to rehabilitate dental agenesis: a clinical report. RGO, Rev Gaúcha Odontol. 2019;67:1-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-86372019000433620 https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-86372019000... ]	Ciênc Saúde Colet	A cross-sectional study	The negative oral health condition was related to difficulty feeding, negative evaluation of the last dental appointment, negative self-perception of general health condition, upper dental loss, and reason for the last dental appointment.
Estay et al. [²⁸28 Sallenave RF, Vicari CB, Borba M. Pilares cerâmicos na implantodontia: revisão de literatura. Cerâmica. 2016;62(363):305-308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132016623632026 https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132016623... ]	Bmc Oral Health	Randomized clinical trial	The effect of 37.5% hydrogen peroxide gel was significantly better than that of 6% hydrogen peroxide gel in terms of color rebound after 1 year of follow-up.
Neto et al. [²⁹29 Alves NV, Santana TAT, Landim AVF, Tavares GR. Reabilitação estética e funcional do sorriso: revisão de literatura. Rev Interfaces: Saúde Humanas e Tecnol. 2016;3(9):25-30. https://doi.org/10.16891/2317-434X.402 https://doi.org/10.16891/2317-434X.402... ]	Rev Cubana Estomatol	Integrative literature review	The techniques used to carry out digital smile planning make the procedures more predictable and improve the visualization and understanding in each stage.
Rodrigues et al. [³⁰30 Mesquita VT, Vasques EL. Manejo clínico multidisciplinar da reabilitação estética utilizando cerâmicas puras: revisão de literatura. Rev Bahiana Odontol. 2016;7(2)172-179. https://doi.org/10.17267/2238-2720revbahianaodonto.v7i2.874 https://doi.org/10.17267/2238-2720revbah... ]	Brazilian J Dev	A cross-sectional study	The prevalence of oral impact was high (73.4%), 49.1% presented malocclusion and 25.0% had a highly desirable orthodontic treatment need.
Silva et al. [³¹31 Neto DRH, Campos DS, Freitas RHB, Batista AUD. Planejamento Digital do Sorriso. Rev Cubana Estomatol. 2020;57(3):1-20.]	Rev Odontol Arac	Integrative literature review	From the analysis it was made explicit that the performance of a conscious procedure of all stages, with knowledge of the technique and indication is necessary for success.

Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic R. José Rocha Junqueira, 13, 13045-755 Campinas/SP Brasil, Tel.: (55 19) 3211-3689 - Campinas - SP - Brazil
E-mail: contato@revistargo.com.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Correspondence to: PDF FERREIRA. E-mail: priscylladff@gmail.com.