1 |
Kim et al. [22 Kim T, Kim J, Choi J, Jo T, Shin HC, Jeong W. Reconstruction of a pathologic fracture following osteomyelitis of the mandible using a fibula osteocutaneous flap. Arch Craniofac Surg. 2021;22(2):105-109. http://10.7181/acfs.2020.00724 http://10.7181/acfs.2020.00724...
] |
Osteomyelitis |
Infectious |
Osteoporosis |
Affected segment resection and immediate reconstruction with a fibula osteocutaneous flap. |
Medication-induced osteonecrosis was part of the differential diagnosis owing to the history of osteoporosis; however, the use of medication was not confirmed. |
2 |
Yoshizawa et al. [33 Yoshizawa K, Moroi A, Iguchi R, Takayama A, Goto J, Takayama Y, et al. An unusual case of bone regeneration of a necrotic mandible with pathologic fracture in an elderly hemodialysis patient with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: a case report and review of the literature. J Med Case Rep. 2021;15(1):608. http://10.1186/s13256-021-03206-5 http://10.1186/s13256-021-03206-5...
] |
Medication-induced osteonecrosis |
Iatrogenic |
Kidney disease, diabetes, osteoporosis, and heart disease. |
Sequestrectomy |
The approach was conservative because of the patient’s clinical condition. Surprisingly, even without osteosynthesis, the fracture healed, and bone regeneration was observed at the site during the 3-year follow-up. |
3 |
Albarracin-Arjona et al. [44 Albarracin-Arjona B, Rodriguez-Jara P, Montes-Carmona JF, Hernandez-Guisado JM, Gonzalez-Perez LM, Infante-Cossio P. Mandibular fracture as first sign of an occult intraosseous hemangioma. J Craniofac Surg. 2019;30(7):e681-e683. http://10.1097/SCS.0000000000005863 http://10.1097/SCS.0000000000005863...
] |
Intraosseous hemangioma |
Benign Pathology |
- |
Enucleation of the lesion and intermaxillary fixation. |
- |
4 |
O’Brien et al. [55 O’Brien DC, Jones G, Yell M, McChesney J. Case report and literature review of a pathologic mandibular fracture from metastatic esophageal adenocarcinoma. Case Rep Otolaryngol. 2018;2018:7860384. http://10.1155/2018/7860384 http://10.1155/2018/7860384...
] |
Metastatic lesion |
Malignant Pathology |
Hypertension and gastroesophageal reflux disease. |
- |
An incisional biopsy performed in the fracture area confirmed the diagnosis of esophageal adenocarcinoma. The patient was staged as advanced and considered inoperable. |
5 |
Tamura et al. [66 Tamura R, Maeda S, Terashi H. Reconstruction of a severe mandibular pathological fracture caused by Langerhans cell histiocytosis using a free fibula osteocutaneous flap:a case report. Case Reports Plast Surg Hand Surg. 2018;5(1):9-13. http://10.1080/23320885.2017.1421468 http://10.1080/23320885.2017.1421468...
] |
Unifocal Langerhans Histiocytosis |
Idiopathic |
- |
Resection, immediate reconstruction with fibula graft. |
- |
6 |
Xiao et al. [77 Xiao X, Dai JW, Li Z, Zhang W. Pathological fracture of the mandible caused by radicular cyst: A case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97(50):e13529. http://10.1097/MD.0000000000013529 http://10.1097/MD.0000000000013529...
] |
Periapical cyst |
Benign Pathology |
- |
Cyst enucleation and osteosynthesis. |
- |
7 |
Marunick et al. [88 Marunick MT, Garcia-Gazaui S, Hildebrand JM. Mandibular pathological fracture during treatment with a dynamic mouth opening device: A clinical report. J Prosthet Dent. 2016;116(4):488-491. http://10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.02.024 http://10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.02.024...
] |
Osteoradionecrosis |
Iatrogenic |
Hypertension, stroke, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. |
Treatment with hyperbaric oxygenation, resection and immediate reconstruction with fibula graft. |
A surgical approach was performed to treat residual trismus from local radiotherapy before the occurrence of osteoradionecrosis. |
8 |
McGoldrick et al. [99 McGoldrick DM, McCarthy C, Sleeman D. Pathological fracture of the mandible. BMJ Case Rep, 2015;2015. http://10.1136/bcr-2014-208487 http://10.1136/bcr-2014-208487...
] |
Impacted teeth removal |
Iatrogenic |
- |
Osteosynthesis |
A significant risk of mandibular fracture was evident before the surgery. The fracture occurred 10 days after the extraction, despite the patient being on a liquid and soft diet. |
9 |
Naval-Gías et al. [1010 Naval-Gías L, Rodriguez-Campo F, Naval-Parra B, Sastre-Pérez J. Pathological mandibular fracture: a severe complication of periimplantitis. J Clin Exp Dent. 2015;7(2):e328-32. http://10.4317/jced.52305 http://10.4317/jced.52305...
] |
Periimplantitis |
Infectious |
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma |
Osteosynthesis |
Reconstruction with grafts due to local infection was not indicated in three cases. |
10 |
Ahlers et al. [1111 Ahlers E, Setabutr D, Garritano F, Adil E, McGinn J. Pathologic fracture of the mandible secondary to traumatic bone cyst. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr. 2013;6(3):201-4. http://10.1055/s-0033-1343782 http://10.1055/s-0033-1343782...
] |
Traumatic bone cyst |
Benign Pathology |
- |
Curettage, filling of the cystic space with a hemostatic sponge, and osteosynthesis. |
- |